Advocates of central bank independence argue that a central bank which is too susceptible to political direction or pressure may encourage economic cycles (" boom and bust "), as politicians may be tempted to boost economic activity in advance of an election, to the detriment of the long-term health of the economy and the country.

The economic boom led to a sharp increase in construction, with large redevelopment projects in the Dublin Docklands and Spencer Dock.

Roldós's constitutional successor, Osvaldo Hurtado, immediately faced an economic crisis brought on by the sudden end of the petroleum boom.

In 1907 Gaumont owned and operated the biggest movie studio in the world, and along with the boom in construction of " luxury cinemas " like the Gaumont-Palace and the Pathé-Palace ( both 1911 ), cinema became an economic challenger to legitimate theater by 1914.

Bush, the launch of the Hubble Telescope, the savings and loan crisis, the election of Bill Clinton and the 1990s economic boom, the longest recorded expansion of GDP in the history of the United States.

As production became more specialized, trade guilds were divided and subdivided, eliciting the squabbles over jurisdiction that produced the paperwork by which economic historians trace their development: there were 101 trades in Paris by 1260, and earlier in the century the metalworking guilds of Nuremberg were already divided among dozens of independent trades, in the boom economy of the 13th century.

Spain's neutrality in World War I allowed it to become a supplier of material for both sides to its great advantage, prompting an economic boom in Spain.

The silver boom peaked in 1584, and economic depression returned shortly thereafter.

Since its post-WW2 economic boom in the 1970s, Finland's GDP per capita has been among the world's highest.

The demographics of the country changed significantly from then onwards, as a result of the Celtic Tiger Irish economic boom.

These favorable developments, combined with the presence of a large and cheap labour force, laid the foundation for spectacular economic growth that lasted almost uninterrupted until the " Hot Autumn's " massive strikes and social unrest of 1969-70, which then combined with the later 1973 oil crisis and put an abrupt end to the prolonged boom.

After King Abdullah II's accession to the throne in 1999, liberal economic policies were introduced that resulted in a boom lasting for a decade, continuing through 2009.

Despite efforts to restore ( or at least improve ) the popularity of the Conservative party, Labour remained far ahead in the opinion polls as the 1997 election loomed, despite the economic boom that had followed the exit from recession four years earlier, and the swift fall in unemployment.

Such successful diplomatic and economic policies allowed Tito to preside over the Yugoslav economic boom and expansion of the 1960s and 1970s.

Along with his Minister for Economic Affairs and successor Ludwig Erhard, the West German model of a " social market economy " ( a mixed economy with capitalism moderated by elements of social welfare and Catholic social teaching ) allowed for the boom period known as the Wirtschaftswunder (" economic miracle ") that produced broad prosperity.

Many workers gained employment because of this economic boom and unions increased greatly.

The city also has a thriving building industry, an effect of the nationwide economic boom experienced since 2002, when political stability returned with the end of the civil war.

It was caused by several factors, the most severe being the incurring of debt, as the 1980s economic boom was based on debt.

Since the 1970s, the city has experienced tremendous growth, particularly during the economic boom of the 1990s under the leadership of then-Mayor and later-Tennessee Governor, Phil Bredesen, who made urban renewal a priority, and fostered the construction or renovation of several city landmarks, including the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum, the downtown Nashville Public Library, the Bridgestone Arena, and LP Field.

An economic boom in the 1850s coincided with railway expansion across the province, further increasing the economic strength of Central Canada.

Others have bounced back considerably beyond that threshold however ( e. g., Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia ), and some, such as Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, underwent an economic boom ( see Baltic Tiger ), although all have suffered from the 2009 recession.

The construction produced a tremendous economic boom, as thousands of Paraguayans who had never before held a regular job went to work on the enormous dam.

Thirty years ago, while the nation was wallowing in economic depression, the prevailing philosophy of government was to stand aside and allow `` natural forces '' to operate and cure the distress.

Hands-off the economy was replaced by conscious guidance through planning -- the economic side of the constitutional revolution.

In 1961 the first important legislative victory of the Kennedy Administration came when the principle of national responsibility for local economic distress won out over a `` state's-responsibility '' proposal -- provision was made for payment for unemployment relief by nation-wide taxation rather than by a levy only on those states afflicted with manpower surplus.

They recognized that slavery was a moral issue and not merely an economic interest, and that to recognize it explicitly in their Constitution would be in explosive contradiction to the concept of sovereignty they had set forth in the Declaration of 1776 that `` all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among them are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

A year ago, when I met with you, the nation was emerging from an economic downturn, even though the signs of resurgent prosperity were not then sufficiently convincing to the doubtful.

Economic analysis was never Trevelyan's strong point and the England of the industrial transformation cries out for economic analysis.

Overwhelmed with the care of five young children and concerned about persistent economic difficulties due to her husband's marginal income, her defense of denial was excessively strong.

But the eagerly sought `` homogeneity '' of the Balafrej Council of Government was never achieved as the Istiqlal quarreled over foreign policy, labor politics and economic development.

In a more pessimistic vein about the economic outlook, I suspect that the reservoir of demand for consumer goods and housing which was dammed-up during the Thirties and World War 2, is finally in the process of running dry.

Political interference in Africa and Asia and even in Latin America ( though limited in Latin America by the special interest of the United States as expressed in the Monroe Doctrine, itself from the outset related to European politics and long dependent upon the `` balance of power '' system in Europe ) was necessary in order to preserve both common economic values and the European `` balance '' itself.

Man, through democratic institutions of government and economic freedom, was master of his destiny.

Jewish identity was often confused with social and economic strivings.

In any case, anyone who fails to make significant distinction between primary and secondary applications of economic pressure would in principle already have justified that use of economic boycott as a means which broke out a few years ago or was skillfully organized by White Citizens' Councils in the entire state of Mississippi against every local Philco dealer in that state, in protest against a Philco-sponsored program over a national TV network on which was presented a drama showing, it seemed, a `` high yellow gal '' smooching with a white man.

In these terms, the `` economic withdrawal '' of the Negroes of Nashville, Tennessee, from trading in the center city, for example, was clearly justified, since these distinctions do not require that only people subjectively guilty be singled out.

An excellent article was published recently in the Journal Of The Church Peace Union by a South African journalist on the inhuman economic conditions of the blacks in South Africa, amounting to virtual slavery, and the economic complicity of both the government and the people of the United States in these conditions.

Sprinkel told conferees that the recent improvement in economic activity was not a `` temporary flash in the pan '' but the beginning of a substantial cyclical expansion that will carry the economy back to full employment levels and witness a renewal of our traditional growth pattern.

The unsatisfactory 1958-60 expansion, he said, was not due to inadequate growth forces inherent in our economy but rather to the adverse effect of inappropriate economic policies combined with retrenching decisions resulting from the steel strike.

Board Chairman Howard Simpson of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Co., testified the B & O was in its worst financial condition since the depression years and badly needed the economic lift it would get from consolidation with the Chesapeake & Ohio Railroad.

But he was convinced that the realities of power -- military, economic and ideological -- were the decisive factors in the struggle with the Communists and that these could not be talked away at a heads of government meeting.

Political, economic and military experts were all agreed that chaotic, mountainous little Laos was the last place in the world to fight a war -- and they were probably right.