Simultaneously, males or drones are produced, mostly from the unfertilized eggs of workers, although a few may be produced by the queen.

Reptiles, birds and mammals are amniotes, the eggs of which are either laid or carried by the female and are surrounded by several membranes, some of which are impervious.

In salamandrids, the male deposits a bundle of sperm, the spermatophore, and the female picks it up and inserts it into her cloaca where the sperm is stored until the eggs are laid.

Despite this, the eggs are laid singly, a behaviour not conducive for external fertilisation.

The females arrive sporadically, mate selection takes place and eggs are laid.

In typical amphibian development, eggs are laid in water and larvae are adapted to an aquatic lifestyle.

This also happens in salamander eggs even when they are unfertilised.

These penetrate the jelly envelope after the eggs are laid and may increase the supply of oxygen to the embryo through photosynthesis.

In terrestrial caecilians, the eggs are laid in grape-like clusters in burrows near streams.

First a raft is built first, then eggs are laid in the centre, and then a foam cap is placed.

The eggs of amphibians are typically laid in water and hatch into free-living larvae that complete their development in water and later transform into either aquatic or terrestrial adults.

Many caecilians and some other amphibians lay their eggs on land, and the newly hatched larvae wriggle or are transported to water bodies.

Lungless salamanders in the family Plethodontidae are terrestrial and lay a small number of unpigmented eggs in a cluster among damp leaf litter.

Its eggs are laid on the forest floor and when they hatch, the tadpoles are carried one by one on the back of an adult to a suitable water-filled crevice such as the axil of a leaf or the rosette of a bromeliad.

The female visits the nursery sites regularly and deposits unfertilised eggs in the water which are consumed by the tadpoles.

A number of causes are believed to be involved, including habitat destruction and modification, over-exploitation, pollution, introduced species, climate change, endocrine-disrupting pollutants, destruction of the ozone layer ( ultraviolet radiation has shown to be especially damaging to the skin, eyes, and eggs of amphibians ), and diseases like chytridiomycosis.

They are also known to feed on other insects, larvae, and eggs, and occasionally small mammals and birds.

The abalone shell has a series of holes near the anterior margin, that are respiratory apertures for the venting of water from the gills and for releasing sperm and eggs into the water column at the appropriate time.

Most of the Poeciliidae are ovoviviparous, that is, while the eggs are retained inside the body of the female for protection, the eggs are essentially independent of the mother and she does not provide them with any nutrients.

The introduced birds in New Zealand, where the cuckoo does not occur, have, over the past 130 years, retained the ability to recognise and reject non-mimetic eggs.

Ovoviviparity, ovovivipary, or ovivipary, is a mode of reproduction in animals in which embryos develop inside eggs that are retained within the mother's body until they are ready to hatch.

This shark is aplacental viviparous with oophagy, meaning that the developing embryos are retained within the mother's uterus and subsist on non-viable eggs.

The eggs are only retained by the female for a short time before being laid, and the larvae develop directly, without passing through a metamorphosis.

This is assumed to be a chamber in which the eggs are fertilised and retained until hatching.

Then the Chinese hostler, who rode with Vernon on the box, would break open a hamper and produce filets of smoked bass or sturgeon, sandwiches, pickled eggs, and a rum sangaree to be heated over a spirit lamp.

The basis for compost materials already existed on the school farm with a stable of animals for the riding program, poultry for eggs, pigs to eat garbage, a beef herd and wastes of all kinds.

Vitamins, eggs and milk begin to look like foods to hold down on ( though mothers' milk is still the ticket ).

For the purpose of reproduction most amphibians require fresh water although some lay their eggs on land and have developed various ingenious ways of keeping them moist.

Most terrestrial caecilians that lay eggs do so in burrows or moist places on land near bodies of water.

At first they feed on the yolks of the eggs but as this source of nourishment declines they begin to rasp at the ciliated epithelial cells that line the oviduct.

Many woodland salamanders lay clutches of eggs under dead logs or stones on land.

The black mountain salamander ( Desmognathus welteri ) does this, the mother brooding the eggs and guarding them from predation as the embryos feed on the yolks of their eggs.

When the eggs hatch, he transports the tadpoles on his back, stuck there by a mucous secretion, to a temporary pool where he dips himself into the water and the tadpoles drop off.

The pouched frog ( Assa darlingtoni ) lays eggs on the ground.

Others, such as raccoons and bears, depending on the local habitat, are more omnivorous ; the giant panda is almost exclusively a herbivore, but will take fish, eggs and insects, while the polar bear's harsh habitat forces it to subsist mainly on prey.

Between 1877 and 1878, Oscar Hertwig published several studies on the fertilization of sea urchin eggs, showing that the nucleus of the sperm enters the oocyte and fuses with its nucleus.

In Northeastern Brazil and among the diaspora of its population in other Brazilian regions, cuzcuz ( locally, in Rio de Janeiro, in São Paulo ), a steamed cake of couscous and corn flour ( a mixture called fubá, pronounced, said to be of African origin from the slave trade ), is a popular meal, served in many forms: With sugar and milk, with varied meats, with cheese and eggs, and so on.

Gifts of chocolate molded into different shapes have become traditional on certain holidays: chocolate bunnies and eggs are popular on Easter, chocolate coins on Hanukkah, Santa Claus and other holiday symbols on Christmas, and chocolate hearts or chocolate in heart-shaped boxes on Valentine's Day.

Fertilized eggs get two sets of chromosomes ( one from each parent's respective gametes ), and so develop into diploid females, while unfertilized eggs only contain one set ( from the mother ), and so develop into haploid males ; the act of fertilization is under the voluntary control of the egg-laying female.

The female Evergreen Bagworm ( Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis ) dies without laying eggs, and the larval bagworm offspring emerge from the parent's body.

Parents take turns to incubate the eggs for 21 – 33 days until the precocial downy chicks hatch ; they immediately climb onto the parent's back, where they spend most of their time until they are 10 – 17 days old.