Conscious of her unpopularity she banished, and afterwards put to death, three Gothic nobles whom she suspected of intriguing against her rule, and at the same time opened negotiations with the emperor Justinian I with the view of removing herself and the Gothic treasure to Constantinople.

The regnal year of the emperor was also used to identify years, especially in the Byzantine Empire after 537 when Justinian required its use.

The city was sacked by the Samaritans in 529, but rebuilt by the Byzantine emperor Justinian I. Bethlehem was conquered by the Arab Caliphate of ' Umar ibn al-Khattāb in 637, who guaranteed safety for the city's religious shrines.

The Historian Procopius, in his Secret History, claims that the emperor Justinian attempted to interfere with the Jewish calendar in the 6th century, and a modern writer has suggested that this measure may have been directed against the protopaschites.

Under Justinian I, reigning in the 6th century, parts of Italy were for a few decades ( re ) conquered from the Ostrogoths: thus, this famous mosaic, featuring the Byzantine emperor in the center, can be admired at Ravenna.

* 527: Justinian I is crowned emperor of Byzantium.

Justin, who was in the imperial guard ( the Excubitors ) before he became emperor, adopted Justinian, brought him to Constantinople, and ensured the boy's education.

They forced him to dismiss Tribonian and two of his other ministers, and then attempted to overthrow Justinian himself and replace him by the senator Hypatius, who was a nephew of the late emperor Anastasius.

As a Christian Roman emperor, Justinian considered it his divine duty to restore the Roman Empire to its ancient boundaries.

Visigothic Kingdom | Spanish Visigothic gold tremisses in the name of emperor Justinian I, 7th century.

" " The French legal scholars interpreted the imperial office of the Justinian code in a generic way and arrived at the conclusion that every ' king is an emperor in his own kingdom ,' that is, he possesses the prerogatives of legal absolutism that the Corpus Juris Civilis attributes to the Roman emperor.

The writings of Procopius are the primary source of information for the rule of the Roman emperor Justinian.

The Liber Pontificalis records that the following year John obtained valuable gifts as well as a profession of orthodox faith from the Byzantine emperor Justinian I the Great, a significant accomplishment in light of the strength of Monophysitism in the Byzantine Empire at that time.

Two are addressed to Justinian in reply to a letter from the emperor, in the latter of which he refuses to acknowledge the Orders of the Arians.

The actual negotiations on the contentious articles were handled by Gregory, with the result that the emperor Justinian II agreed that the Papacy could disregard whichever of the council ’ s decisions it wished to.

Roman law is the legal system of ancient Rome, and the legal developments comprising more than a thousand years of jurisprudence from the Twelve Tables ( c. 439 BC ) to the Corpus Juris Civilis ( AD 529 ) ordered by the emperor Justinian I.

In 554, Granada and southernmost Hispania Baetica were lost to representatives of the Byzantine Empire ( to form the province of Spania ) who had been invited in to help settle a Visigothic dynastic struggle, but who stayed on, as a hoped-for spearhead to a " Reconquest " of the far west envisaged by emperor Justinian I.

Meanwhile, the surviving Eastern Roman Empire began to expand under the emperor Justinian, who eventually recaptured North Africa from the Vandals, and attempted to fully recover Italy as well in the hope of re-establishing Roman control over the lands once ruled by the Western Roman Empire.

* Justinian, later Byzantine emperor, marries in Constantinople his mistress Theodora, who is by profession a courtesan ( approximate date ).

* August 1 – Justin I, age 77, dies at Constantinople and is succeeded by Justinian I who becomes sole emperor.

* Summer – Belisarius arrives in Constantinople and is permitted by emperor Justinian I to celebrate a triumph, the first non-imperial triumph for over 500 years.

* May 11 – Justinian I, emperor of the Byzantine Empire ( d. 565 )

* Future Byzantine emperor Justinian, age 39, is appointed consul.

Constantine I ( emperor ) | Constantine burning Arian books, illustration from a compendium of canon law, ca.

Rebuilt by the emperor Justin I after an earthquake in the 6th century, it became Justinopolis ( 525 ); but the old native name persisted, and when Thoros I, king of Lesser Armenia, made it his capital early in the 12th century, it was known as Anazarva.

Theodosius I, the emperor of the East, espoused the cause of Justina, and regained the kingdom.

In disposition Alexander bore little resemblance to his soft-hearted, liberal father, and still less to his refined, philosophic, sentimental, chivalrous, yet cunning granduncle, emperor Alexander I of Russia, who could have been given the title of " the first gentleman of Europe ".

* Alexander I of Russia ( 1777 – 1825 ), emperor of Russia

Alexios I Komnenos, Latinized as Alexius I Comnenus (, 1056 – 15 August 1118 — note that some sources list his date of birth as 1048 ), was Byzantine emperor from 1081 to 1118, and although he was not the founder of the Komnenian dynasty, it was during his reign that the Komnenos family came to full power.

The title ' Nobilissimus ' was given to senior army commanders, the future emperor Alexios I Komnenos being the first to be thus honoured.

Alexios was the son of Ioannis Komnenos and Anna Dalassena, and the nephew of Isaac I Komnenos ( emperor 1057 – 1059 ).

Alexios ' policy of integration of the nobility bore the fruit of continuity: every Byzantine emperor who reigned after Alexios I Komnenos was related to him by either descent or marriage.

Alexios II Komnenos or Alexius II Comnenus () ( 10 September 1169 – 24 September 1183, Constantinople ), Byzantine emperor ( 1180 – 1183 ), was the son of Emperor Manuel I Komnenos and Maria, daughter of Raymond, prince of Antioch.

At that point the deposed emperor was ransomed by Michael I of Epirus, who sent him to Asia Minor, where Alexios ' son-in-law Theodore I Laskaris of the Empire of Nicaea was holding his own against the Latins.

* Anna Angelina, who married ( 1 ) the sebastokrator Isaac Komnenos, great-nephew of emperor Manuel I Komnenos, and ( 2 ) Theodore Laskaris, emperor of Nicaea.

That the emperor sincerely sympathized with Alexei, and suspected Peter of harbouring murderous designs against his son, is plain from his confidential letter to George I of Great Britain, whom he consulted on this delicate affair.

* Anastasius I ( emperor ) ( 430 – 518 ), Roman ( Byzantine ) Emperor from 491 to 518

* Anastasius I ( emperor ) – Byzantine emperor 491 – 518

When the Emperor Henry I died on 11 July 1216, Andrew was planning to acquire the imperial throne, but the barons of the Latin Empire proclaimed his father-in-law, Peter of Courtenay their emperor.

After his return to Jerusalem in 1167, Amalric married Maria Comnena, a great-grandniece of Byzantine emperor Manuel I Comnenus.

It was contrary to Absalon's advice and warnings that Valdemar I rendered fealty to the emperor Frederick Barbarossa at Dole in 1162.

* Alexius I Comnenus ( 1048-1118 ), Byzantine emperor