During the reign of the Tang emperor Xizong, Zhou Yue overthrew first the prefect of Hengzhou Xu Hao in 881 and then the agent of the rebel Qin Zongquan in the capital of the Qinhua Circuit at Tan Prefecture ( modern Changsha ) in 886.

From there she negotiated with the emperor for the safety of family members left in the capital, while protesting her sons ' innocence of hostile actions ; under the falsehood of making a vesperal visit to worship at the church, she deliberately excluded the grandson of Botaneiates and his loyal tutor, met with Alexios and Isaac and fled for the forum of Constantine.

Anna then protested that the family was in fear for their lives, her sons were loyal subjects ( Alexios and Isaac were discovered absent without leave ), and had learned of a plot by enemies of the Komnenoi to have them both blinded and had, therefore, fled the capital so they may continue to be of loyal service to the emperor.

Rather than face this ordeal, Alexei fled to Vienna and placed himself under the protection of his brother-in-law, the emperor Charles VI, who sent him for safety first to the Tirolean fortress of Ehrenberg ( near Reutte ), and finally to the castle of Sant ' Elmo at Naples.

In his final years, Honorius reportedly developed a physical attraction to his half sister, and in order to escape his unwelcome attentions, Galla Placidia and her children, the future emperor Valentinian III and his sister, Honoria, fled to Constantinople.

Many fled Silesia under persecution of the Austrian emperor, and some found refuge on the lands of Count Nicolaus Ludwig Zinzendorf.

After a six months ' siege, Constantinople was taken by Theodosios ; Anastasios, who had fled to Nicaea, was compelled to submit to the new emperor in 716 and retired to a monastery in Thessalonica.

It has also been claimed, on the basis of later texts, that the voyages also presented an opportunity to seek out Zhu Yunwen ( the previous emperor whom the Yongle emperor had usurped and who was rumored to have fled into exile ) – possibly the " largest scale manhunt on water in the history of China ".

Two great cities, Osaka and Sakaii, have been burned to the ground, each one almost as big as London, and not one house left standing, and it is reported above 300, 000 men have lost their lives, “ yet the old Emperor Ogusho Same hath prevailed and Fidaia Same either been slain or fled secretly away, that no news is to be heard of him .” Jesuits, priests, and friars are banished by the emperor and their churches and monasteries pulled down ; they put the fault on the arrival of the English ; it is said if Fidaia Same had prevailed against the emperor, he promised them entrance again, when without doubt all the English would have been driven out of Japan.

Henry was crowned emperor by his creature, but Robert Guiscard, with whom in the meantime Gregory had formed an alliance, was already marching on the city, and Henry fled towards Civita Castellana.

The last Yuan emperor fled north to Shangdu and Zhu declared the founding of the Ming Dynasty after razing the Yuan palaces in Dadu to the ground ; the city was renamed Beiping in the same year.

Within a month, Maurice's government had collapsed, the Emperor abdicated and fled the city, and the " Green " faction in Constantinople acclaimed Phocas as emperor.

35, the Atrebates, under Verica, regained some of their territory, but it appears Caratacus completed the conquest, as Dio tells us Verica was ousted, fled to Rome and appealed to the emperor Claudius for help.

In 387 Maximus managed to force emperor Valentinian II out of Milan, after which he fled to Theodosius I.

In 1115, Jurchen Jin Dynasty was set up and Liao emperor fled to Western Xia in 1123.

Sigismund himself fled to Milan and later to Piacenza under the pretext that he had to go now to Rome to be crowned emperor.

On 20 April 1042 Theodora declared the emperor deposed, and he fled to seek safety in the monastery of the Stoudion together with his remaining uncle.

The Goths under King Cniva were surprised by the emperor while besieging Nicopolis on the Danube ; the Goths fled through the difficult terrain of the Balkans, but then doubled back and surprised the Romans near Beroë ( modern Stara Zagora ), sacking their camp and dispersing the Roman troops.

It was the first time a Roman emperor fled in the face of Barbarians.

The last Lê emperor, Lê Chiêu Thống, fled to Qing-controlled China and petitioned the Manchu-Qing Emperor for help.

The emperor fled for the second time to St. Peter's ( or, according to other sources, to Santa Maria in Trastevere ), where he was captured and beheaded by Gundobad or by Ricimer on 11 July 472.

After the capture of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade in 1204, he fled to Nicaea, where he settled at the court of the Nicaean emperor Theodore I Lascaris, and devoted himself to literature.

After the Xianfeng emperor and his entourage fled Beijing, the June 1858 Treaty of Tianjin was finally ratified by the emperor's brother, Yixin, the Prince Gong, in the Convention of Peking on 18 October 1860, bringing The Second Opium War to an end.

The following year, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu, with his dynasty known as " Shu Han ".

When the locals reported the presence of a lame beggar who looked alike to the great general Xiahou Ba who attacked them years ago, the Shu emperor, Liu Shan, hurriedly sent a rescue team to escort his brother-in-law to his capital of Chengdu.

In the next year, Liu Bei left the capital Chengdu on a campaign against Sun Quan ( then a nominal vassal of Wei who would soon declare his independence as the first emperor of Eastern Wu ).

They eventually managed to enter Chengdu, and the Shu emperor Liu Shan surrendered.

Most local governors in the Tang empire recognized the new Later Liang emperor as their emperor, with the exceptions of Li Keyong the military governor of Hedong Circuit ( 河東, headquartered in modern Taiyuan, Shanxi ), who carried the title of Prince of Jin ; Li Maozhen the military governor of Fengxiang Circuit ( 鳳翔, headquartered in modern Baoji, Shaanxi ), who carried the title of Prince of Qi ; Yang Wo, who carried the title of Prince of Hongnong ( each of whom claimed continued loyalty to the defunct Tang Dynasty but are generally viewed as independent states from this point on ); and Wang Jian the military governor of Xichuan Circuit ( 西川, headquartered in modern Chengdu, Sichuan ), who carried the title of Prince of Shu ( and who soon thereafter declared his own state of Former Shu as its emperor ).

A more salient example of Wu's cruelty, however, came in 36, when Emperor Guangwu's forces, commanded by Wu, captured Chengdu ( 成都, modern Chengdu, Sichuan ), the capital of Gongsun Shu ( 公孫述 ), the emperor of the rival Chengjia ( 成家 ), to finally reunify the empire.

In 617, Li Yuan occupied Chang ' an and acted as regent over a puppet child emperor of the Sui, relegating Emperor Yang to the position of Taishang Huang, or retired emperor / father of the present emperor.

In ancient China, the title of prince developed from being the highest title of nobility ( synonymous with duke ) in the Zhou Dynasty, to five grades of princes ( not counting the sons and grandsons of the emperor ) by the time of the fall of the Qing Dynasty. The Chinese word for prince Wang (, literally, King ) as Chinese believe the emperor Huang Di () is the ruler of all kings.

** September 10 – Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China ( b. 260 BC )

Of the San Huang Wu Di, the three first of them were called 皇 ( huang, " god-king ") and the five last were called 帝 ( di, " sage-king "), which can translate as either emperor, demigod human, or a superhuman.

The character was reserved for mythological rulers until the first emperor of Qin ( Qin Shi Huang ), who created a new title Huangdi ( 皇帝 in pinyin: huáng dì ) for himself in 221 BCE, which is commonly translated as Emperor in English.

Anyone who spoke to the emperor was to address him as Bixia ( 陛下 ), corresponding to " Your Imperial Majesty ", Huang Shang ( 皇上, lit.

* September 10 – Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China ( b. 260 BC )

The spectacular Terracotta Army was assembled for the tomb of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of a unified China from 221 – 210 BCE, as a grand imperial version of the figures long placed in tombs to enable the deceased to enjoy the same lifestyle in the afterlife as when alive, replacing actual sacrifices of very early periods.

A thousand years later the first emperor of unified China, Qin Shi Huang, was so determined to impress the gods with his military might that he was buried with an army of terracotta soldiers.

However, the name Qin Shi Huangdi is believed to be the correct one since Ying Zheng joined together the words Huang ( Imperial ) and Di ( ruler ), to create Huangdi ( emperor ).

According to the Records of the Grand Historian, written by Sima Qian during the next dynasty and avowedly hostile to Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor was not the actual son of King Zhuangxiang of Qin.

* Shin No Shikoutei ( 1963 )-The film portrays Qin Shi Huang as a battle-hardened emperor with his roots in the military.

* Chinese emperor Qin Shi Huang ( 3rd century BCE ) had most previously-existing books burned when he consolidated his power.

The Qin emperor Qin Shi Huang is said to have sought immortality on an island in the Haigang district, but did not find it.

Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of the Qin Dynasty ( 221 BC-207 BC ), owed much of his success in unifying China ( specifically southern China ) to naval power, although an official navy was not yet established ( see Medieval Asia section below ).

* The cognates of Chinese Huang Taizi ( 皇太子, " Great Imperial Son "): Japanese Kōtaishi, Korean Hwangtaeja ( 황태자 ), Vietnamese Hoàng Thái Tử -- if a son of the reigning emperor.

He subsequently did so, and Crown Prince Hong took the throne as Emperor Xiaowen, while Emperor Xianwen took the title of Taishang Huang ( retired emperor ), although, due to Emperor Xiaowen's young age, Emperor Xianwen continued to be in actual control of important matters.

After an audience with the emperor in the capital Xuchang, Zhang He, Xu Huang, Cao Zhen and Xiahou Shang were deployed south with a huge army in 222 to seize Jiangling, which was under the control of Eastern Wu, and was defended by Zhu Ran.

One of these vassal states would go on to conquer China and unite the country under the first emperor Qin Shi Huang.

Penglai is said to be the place where Qin Shi Huang, the first Chinese emperor, sent off five hundred boys and five hundred girls on ships to the east, to look for the islands of immortality.

Despite this, however, he was often viewed as a positive example of eunuch participation in politics for his personal loyalty to Emperor Xuanzong, which withstood despite its putting himself in personal danger later, during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong's son Emperor Suzong ( when Emperor Xuanzong was Taishang Huang ( retired emperor )) as it drew jealousy from fellow eunuch Li Fuguo.