Important as was Mr. O'Donnell's essay, his thesis is so restricting as to deny Faulkner the stature which he obviously has.

It has also been argued that A Modest Proposal was, at least in part, a response to the 1728 essay The Generous Projector or, A Friendly Proposal to Prevent Murder and Other Enormous Abuses, By Erecting an Hospital for Foundlings and Bastard Children by Swift's rival Daniel Defoe.

The essay has been emulated many times.

In a chapter-long essay reprinted in In Search of Wonder, entitled " Cosmic Jerrybuilder: A. E. van Vogt ", Knight famously remarked that van Vogt " is no giant ; he is a pygmy who has learned to operate an overgrown typewriter.

Analytic geometry has traditionally been attributed to René Descartes Descartes made significant progress with the methods in an essay entitled La Geometrie ( Geometry ), one of the three accompanying essays ( appendices ) published in 1637 together with his Discourse on the Method for Rightly Directing One's Reason and Searching for Truth in the Sciences, commonly referred to as Discourse on Method.

In the literature concerning artificial intelligence ( AI ), Searle's essay has been second only to Turing's in the volume of debate it has generated.

According to a controversial essay titled " The Death of Environmentalism " ( Michael Shellenberger and Ted Nordhaus, 2004 ) American environmentalism has been remarkably successful in protecting the air, water, and large stretches of wilderness in North America and Europe, but these environmentalists have stagnated as a vital force for cultural and political change.

A very recent essay by Leone Montagnini, discussing the question of the shape of the Earth from the origins to the late Antiquity, has shown that the Fathers of the Church shared different approaches that paralleled their overall philosophical and theological visions.

His essay has served as an inspiration to other liberal-minded economists wishing to distinguish themselves from conservative thinkers, for example James M. Buchanan's essay " Why I, Too, Am Not a Conservative: The Normative Vision of Classical Liberalism ".

* George Mason University has an economics essay award named in honor of Hayek.

* The Mont Pelerin Society has a quadrennial economics essay contest named in his honor.

If the book itself, Animal Farm, had left any doubt of the matter, Orwell dispelled it in his essay Why I Write: ' Every line of serious work that I ’ ve written since 1936 has been written directly or indirectly against Totalitarianism ... dot, dot, dot, dot.

Susan Haack has an essay on Gaudy Night as a philosophical novel.

The " Outlines " became sufficiently common for James Thurber to parody the trend in his humorous essay, " An Outline of Scientists "— indeed, Wells's Outline of History remains in print with a new 2005 edition, while A Short History of the World has been recently reedited ( 2006 ).

In a foreword to his essay Ludwig Feuerbach and the End of Classical German Philosophy ( 1886 ), three years after Marx's death, Engels claimed confidently that " In the meantime, the Marxist world outlook has found representatives far beyond the boundaries of Germany and Europe and in all the literary languages of the world.

" Marcuse's 1965 essay " Repressive Tolerance ", in which he claimed capitalist democracies can have totalitarian aspects, has been criticized by conservatives.

The essay has been described as " a daring and original piece of work in which he set out to show that theology must yield to the superior wisdom of philosophy ", and as such was controversial, particularly among the conservative professors at the University of Berlin.

Arthur Schopenhauer has been accused of misogyny for his essay " On Women " ( Über die Weiber ), in which he expressed his opposition to what he called " Teutonico-Christian stupidity " on female affairs.

Although the concept has existed for centuries, the term meritocracy was first coined by British politician and sociologist, Michael Young in his 1958 satirical essay, " The Rise of the Meritocracy ", which pictured the United Kingdom under the rule of a government favoring intelligence and aptitude ( merit ) above all.

As Singer argues in the same essay, regardless of the soundness of his fundamental defense of utilitarianism, his argument has value in that it exposes conflicts between many people's stated beliefs and their actions.

" In her much reprinted essay " Science Fiction and Mrs Brown ," the science fiction writer Ursula K. Le Guin has approached an answer by first citing the essay written by the English author Virginia Woolf entitled " Mr Bennett and Mrs Brown " in which she states:

Thoreau's 1848 essay Civil Disobedience, originally titled " Resistance to Civil Government ", has had a wide influence on many later practitioners of civil disobedience.

This essay had the same shock value as the original " Modest Proposal " for those readers who had not been exposed to Swift.

Orwell may have been the first to use the term cold war, in his essay, " You and the Atom Bomb ", published in Tribune, 19 October 1945.

Rousseau had read about an essay competition sponsored by the Académie de Dijon to be published in the Mercure de France on the theme of whether the development of the arts and sciences had been morally beneficial.

The term " Jewish-Christian " had been used in this sense as early as 1785 in Richard Watson's essay " The Teaching and Witness of the Holy Spirit ", and " Jewish Christian " ( as an adjective ) as early as 1644 in William Rathband's A Briefe Narration of Some Church Courses.

In his essay, Dijkstra noted that the newer computers in his day " embodied such serious flaws that felt that with a single stroke the progress of computing science had been retarded by at least ten years ".

Even though Breton by 1946 responded rather negatively to the subject of music with his essay Silence is Golden, later Surrealists, such as Paul Garon, have been interested in — and found parallels to — Surrealism in the improvisation of jazz and the blues.

James T. Costa said that because the book was an abstract produced in haste in response to Wallace's essay, it was more approachable than the big book on natural selection Darwin had been working on, which would have been encumbered by scholarly footnotes and much more technical detail.

In 1949, Wright contributed to the anti-communist anthology The God That Failed ; his essay had been published in the Atlantic Monthly three years earlier and was derived from the unpublished portion of Black Boy.

Nelson had been inspired by " As We May Think ", a popular essay by Vannevar Bush.

Schiele's life and work have also been the subject of essays, including a discussion of his works by fashion photographer Richard Avedon in an essay on portraiture entitled " Borrowed Dogs.

Cecil has been a character in many works of fiction and documentary essay concerned with Elizabeth I's reign.

Black is best known for a 1985 essay, " The Abolition of Work ," which has been widely reprinted and translated into at least thirteen languages ( most recently, Urdu ).

Two more essay collections were later published as books, Friendly Fire ( Autonomedia, 1992 ) and Beneath the Underground ( Feral House, 1994 ), the latter devoted to the do-it-yourself / fanzine subculture of the ' 80s and ' 90s which he called " the marginals milieu " and in which he had been heavily involved.

One critic claimed that he had been paid by Jewish groups to write his critical essay on Quebec.

In 1997, Harper's Magazine published an essay, ostensibly a book review of the DSM-IV, that criticized the lack of hard science and the proliferation of disorders.

Robert Hollinger Charles King criticized the Objectivist ethics in his essay " Life and the Theory of Value: The Randian Argument Reconsidered ".

; Standards bloat: Bertrand Meyer, in a satirical essay framed as a student's request for a grade change, apparently criticized UML as of 1997 for being unrelated to object-oriented software development ; a disclaimer was added later pointing out that his company nevertheless supports UML.

He also was friends with fellow expatriate writers Chester Himes and James Baldwin, although the relationship with the latter ended in acrimony after Baldwin published his essay Everybody's Protest Novel ( collected in Notes of a Native Son ), in which he criticized Wright's stereotypical portrayal of Bigger Thomas.

However, in a follow up article in the same publication, others criticized the analysis, including Peter Flory, the U. S. Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Policy, who began by writing " The essay by Keir Lieber and Daryl Press contains so many errors, on a topic of such gravity, that a Department of Defense response is required to correct the record.

The more common attempts to bracket out Foucault's writings on Iran as " miscalculations ," reminds some authors of what Foucault himself had criticized in his well known 1969 essay, " What is an Author?

In a September 17, 1998 Computergram International essay, " VRML Versus Chromeffects: Microsoft Replies ", Rachel Chalmers sharply criticized VRML as having " no integration with HTML ", whereas " ChromEffects is based on 56 multimedia XML tags ".

A short time before his death he published an essay in which he criticized the Radikalenerlass (" Radicals Decree ") of 1972, a rule which subjected all candidates for the civil service ( including prospective teachers, railway engine drivers, and postmen ) to special scrutiny in order to exclude political radicals.

" An essay published in the journal PLoS Medicine noted that there is no scientific support for the " serotonin imbalance " theory of depression, and criticized Pfizer and manufacturers of other SSRIs for using it.

The Red House Mystery was immediately popular ; Alexander Woollcott called it " one of the three best mystery stories of all time ", though Raymond Chandler, in his 1944 essay The Simple Art of Murder criticized Woollcott for that claim, referring to him as, " rather a fast man with a superlative ".

Sontag's essay itself has been criticized as " an exercise in aesthetic insensibility " and " exemplary for its shallowness.

The doctrine has been criticized by some Christian theologians, including Alvin Plantinga, who in his essay Does God Have a Nature?

Montaigne's brief essay " On sumptuary laws " criticized 16th-century French laws, beginning, " The way by which our laws attempt to regulate idle and vain expenses in meat and clothes, seems to be quite contrary to the end designed ... For to enact that none but princes shall eat turbot, shall wear velvet or gold lace, and interdict these things to the people, what is it but to bring them into a greater esteem, and to set every one more agog to eat and wear them?

" In the essay The New Affirmative Action, an affirmative action supporter criticized the ruling, arguing " Under the terms of the new affirmative action, then, the primary role of Blacks is not as benefactors of the policy, but as diversity servants, catering to the cultural experience of white students.

Bertrand Russell, in his essay " Why I Am Not a Christian ", criticized Jesus ' personal character and philosophical positions on various grounds.

Some standardized tests include essay questions, and some have criticized the effectiveness of the grading methods.

" In his essay " The Fallacy of Humanism " ( 1929 ), he criticized the New Humanists for creating a value system without investing it with any identifiable source of authority.

Fukuzawa was later criticized as a supporter of Japanese imperialism because of his essay " Datsu-A Ron " (" Escape from Asia ") published in 1885, as well as for his support of the First Sino-Japanese War ( 1894 – 1895 ).

In his online essay " Digital Maoism: The Hazards of the New Online Collectivism ", in Edge magazine in May 2006, Lanier criticized the sometimes-claimed omniscience of collective wisdom ( including examples such as the Wikipedia article about himself ), describing it as " digital Maoism ".

The book was sharply criticized for extensive errors in an essay by two scientists at the Federation of American Scientists.

) Schmitt opposes this definition to those offered by contemporary theorists of sovereignty, particularly Hans Kelsen, whose work is criticized at several points in the essay.

" New York Times op / ed contributor Bill Kristol criticized the ad in an essay, including pointing to the fact that the " United States has an all-volunteer Army.

Lazarsfeld and Merton ’ s classic essay has long been criticized as a high point of the dominant effects tradition in communication theory.