During the Second World War, Bletchley Park was the site of the United Kingdom's main decryption establishment, the Government Code and Cypher School ( GC & CS ), where ciphers and codes of several Axis countries were decrypted, most importantly the ciphers generated by the German Enigma and Lorenz machines.

Several of these are based on the site of The Kings of Wessex School, which is the largest educational establishment.

The clash of Henri and William Merritt Chase ( representing Beaux and the traditional art establishment ) resulted in 1907 in the independent exhibition by the urban realists known as " The Eight " or the Ashcan School.

In March 1979 the Virginia General Assembly authorized the establishment of the George Mason University School of Law ( GMUSL ) – contingent on the transfer of the Kann's building to George Mason University.

Also in 948, Abbot Ulsinus ( Wulsin ) founded St Albans School, an education establishment to this day.

The establishment was reduced to a single Company, a Corporals ' Training School and a Weapons Platoon.

His engagement for the Lowell Institute lectures precipitated the establishment of the Lawrence Scientific School at Harvard University in 1847 with him as its head.

1969 also saw the establishment of the Macquarie Graduate School of Management ( MGSM ).

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

Robert spent four years at a local day school before being sent to Stubbington House School, Hampshire, a cramming establishment preparing candidates for the entrance examinations to the naval training ship at Dartmouth.

Recently, the university has experienced a large increase in on-campus housing, student enrollment, new facilities, and the establishment of both the Wegmans School of Nursing, and The Wegmans School of Pharmacy.

Within a year of his birth his family moved to the Royal Hibernian Military School in the Phoenix Park, where his father, a Church of Ireland clergyman, was appointed to the chaplaincy of the establishment.

Janet C. Rotter, Head of School, announced the establishment of the Virginia O ' Hanlon Scholarship, speaking passionately about their commitment to offering need-based scholarships for students of merit.

Pershing asked him to undertake the establishment of a Light Tank Training School for U. S. troops, to which he agreed.

The Palace was an elaborate establishment, built practically on stilts in front, with long flights of wooden steps running up to the porch.

The establishment, by the Holy Father, of a permanent Secretariat for Christian Unity in 1960 was the most dramatic mark of this concern.

These never ceased to suggest that if, in the eyes of Marx and Lenin `` full communism '' was still a very distant ideal, the establishment of a Communist society had now, under Khrushchev, become an `` immediate and tangible reality ''.

He was in his mid-fifties at this time, long past the establishment of his name and the wish to be lionized yet once again, and it was almost a decade since he had sworn off lecturing.

A hypothetical issue of this sort might deal with the establishment of a free public junior college in a community where there already was a good private college which served the middle-class youth adequately but was too expensive for working-class youth.

The concept of the Middle Kingdom at peace, strong and united under a forceful ruler, which had been only a longed-for ideal in the time of the Warring States, was finally realized by the establishment of a Chinese Empire under the Ch'in dynasty ( 221-207 B.C. ).

The American Constitution was historic at this point in providing that `` Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof ''.

However, following the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, Anatolia was defined by the Turkish government as being effectively co-terminous with Asian Turkey.

Each separate community had its own oeconomus or steward, who was subject to a chief steward stationed at the head establishment.

The establishment of the bishopric of Konstanz cannot be dated exactly and was possibly undertaken by Columbanus himself ( before 612 ).

In 1884, he was created by Pope Leo XIII Archbishop of Caesarea in partibus and sent to India as an Apostolic Delegate to report on the establishment of the hierarchy there.

great ) was subordinate to the priestly ensi, and was appointed at times of troubles, but by later dynastic times, it was the lugal who had emerged as the preeminent role, having his own " é " (= house ) or " palace ", independent from the temple establishment.

Alexios attempted to organize a resistance to the new regime from Adrianople and then Mosynopolis, where he was joined by the later usurper Alexios V Doukas Mourtzouphlos in April 1204, after the definitive fall of Constantinople to the crusaders and the establishment of the Latin Empire.

He was the last Byzantine Emperor to reign in Constantinople before the establishment of the Latin Empire, which controlled the city for the next 57 years, until it was recovered by the Nicaean Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos.

In his first biennial speech, he urged simplification of the state judicial system, abolishment of the Bank of Tennessee and establishment of an agency to provide uniformity in weights and measures, the latter of which was passed.

Each element of the system was meant to remedy defects in the West Saxon military establishment exposed by the Viking invasions.

Among his many philanthropic efforts, the establishment of public libraries throughout the United States, the United Kingdom, and other English-speaking countries was especially prominent.

The Kebra Nagast, composed to legitimise the new dynasty ruling Ethiopia following its establishment in 1270, narrates how the real Ark of the Covenant was brought to Ethiopia by Menelik I with divine assistance, while a forgery was left in the Temple in Jerusalem.

It was already founded at the time of the establishment of the city shortly after 1200 ; the exact date is not known.

Aflaq and al-Arsuzi were key figures in the establishment of the Arab Ba ’ ath ( Renaissance ) Party, and the former was for long its chief ideologist, combining elements of Marxist thought with a nationalism to a considerable extent reminiscent of nineteenth-century European romantic nationalism.

Living in Manhattan's Barbizon Hotel for Women, a prestigious establishment which barred men from entering after 10 pm, and working as a model to support her studies, Kelly began her first term the following October.

In France, a steady linking of all the river systems — Rhine, Rhône, Saône and Seine — and the North Sea was boosted in 1879 by the establishment of the Freycinet gauge, which specified the minimum size of locks so that canal traffic doubled in the first decades of the 20th century.

The establishment of closer relations with France was widely regarded as an expression of the Cook Islands ' Government's dissatisfaction with existing arrangements with New Zealand which was no longer in a position to defend the Cook Islands.

The establishment of universal male suffrage in France in 1848 was an important milestone in the history of democracy.

The UK brought together several countries ( including some bordering the EEC ) and decided to form the European Free Trade Association in about 1959, soon after the establishment of the 6-nation EEC ( France, Germany, Italy, Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands ).

The establishment of the Dual Alliance led Russia to take a more conciliatory stance, and in 1887, the so-called Reinsurance Treaty was signed between Germany and Russia: in it, the two powers agreed on mutual military support in the case that France attacked Germany, or in case of an Austrian attack on Russia.

Demands were made for abdication of " Citizen King " Louis-Philippe and for establishment of a representative democracy in France.

Adenauer's achievements include the establishment of a stable democracy in West Germany and a lasting reconciliation with France, culminating in the Élysée Treaty.

In France, a revolution led to the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of the French Second Republic.

It was originally adopted by Antoine Lavoisier's group in 1795, and introduced into the metric system in France with its establishment in 1799.

The Metre Convention ( Convention du Mètre ) of 1875 mandated the establishment of a permanent International Bureau of Weights and Measures ( BIPM: Bureau International des Poids et Mesures ) to be located in Sèvres, France.

Instead, from the second half of the 19th century, France concentrated on the establishment of French Indochina and the conflicts with China leading to the Sino-French War.

Alexander's pontificate was signaled by efforts to reunite the Eastern Orthodox churches with the Catholic Church, by the establishment of the Inquisition in France, by favours shown to the mendicant orders, and by an attempt to organize a crusade against the Tatars after the second raid against Poland in 1259.

Coubertin grew up in a time of profound change in France: France's defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, the Paris Commune, and the establishment of the French Third Republic, and later the Dreyfus Affair.

Republican France encouraged the establishment of republics in its former colonies.

Tintin's legacy includes the establishment of a market for comic strip collections ; the serialisation followed by collection model has been adopted by creators and publishers in France and Belgium.

The " City " in the east, successor of the late Roman ' castrum ', was composed of the archiepiscopal establishment ( the cathedral and palace of the archbishops ) and of the castle of Tours, seat of the authority of the Counts of Tours ( later Counts of Anjou ) and of the King of France.

The ostensible subjects under consideration were the establishment of peace between France, Venice and the Empire, with a view to an expedition against the Turks, and the ecclesiastical affairs of France.

France returned to North America in 1778 with the establishment of a Franco-American alliance against Great Britain in the American War of Independence.

Following Chrysler's takeover of the British Rootes Group, Simca of France, and Barreiros of Spain, and the resultant establishment of Chrysler Europe in the late 1960s, the Dodge brand was used on light commercial vehicles, most of which were previously branded Commer or Karrier, on pickup and van versions of the Simca 1100, on the Spanish Dodge Dart, and on heavy trucks built in Spain.

After the establishment of a French colony in Saint Domingue ( now Haiti ), some mahogany from that island probably found its way to France, where joiners in the port cities of Saint-Malo, Nantes, La Rochelle and Bordeaux used the wood to a limited extent from about 1700.

For some time, Proudhon ran a small printing establishment at Besançon, but without success ; afterwards he became connected as a kind of manager with a commercial firm in Lyon, France.

After Champlain ’ s death in 1635, the Catholic Church and the Jesuit establishment became the most dominant force in New France and intended to establish a utopian European and Aboriginal Christian community.

In order to help them, French President Nicolas Sarkozy announced a new political approach to the economically challenged " banlieues " of France in 2008 saying that, " 500 million euros will be spent on the improvement of French public transportation ( an effort to make the ghetto less isolated ), an increase in police forces in the " banlieues ," a prioritization of creating new jobs for these underprivileged youth, a systematic crackdown on drug trafficking in the " banlieues ", and the establishment of new schools in disadvantaged areas for students who show particular promise.