This expedition resulted in the revolt and capture of Milan, the Diet of Roncaglia that saw the establishment of imperial officers in the cities of northern Italy, and the beginning of the long struggle with Pope Alexander III.

Before the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate, civil power in Japan was primarily held by the ruling emperors and their regents, typically appointed from the ranks of the imperial court and the aristocratic clans that vied there.

Reforms and bureaucratization of government led to the establishment of a permanent imperial capital at Heijō-kyō, or Nara, in AD 710.

He called for elections to be held by 1882 and for a national assembly to be convened by 1883 ; in doing so, he precipitated a political crisis that ended with an 1881 imperial rescript declaring the establishment of a national assembly in 1890 and dismissing Okuma.

The Chiba clan broke entirely with the imperial court and was instrumental in the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate.

After Commodore Matthew Perry's opening of Japan, clans from Nagato ( also called Chōshū ) played a key role in the fall of the Tokugawa shogunate and the establishment of the new imperial government.

Once the Roman kings were overthrown, there remained an absolute prohibition for royal establishment in the Roman constitution, a prohibition which formally remained in place during imperial times, both Roman and Byzantine, although in practice the empire was an absolute monarchy.

Sun Quan's prestige in dealing with hostiles and friendly relations called for the establishment of a controlled form of an imperial government for the empire of Wu.

After Commodore Matthew Perry's opening of Japan, clans from Nagato ( also called Chōshū ) played a key role in the fall of the Tokugawa shogunate and the establishment of the new imperial government.

Emperor Hui was a developmentally disabled ruler, and throughout his reign, there was constant internecine fighting between regents, imperial princes ( his uncles and cousins ), and his wife Empress Jia Nanfeng for the right to control him ( and therefore the imperial administration ), causing great suffering for the people and greatly undermining the stability of the Jin regime, eventually leading to Wu Hu rebellions that led to Jin's loss of northern and central China and the establishment of the competing Sixteen Kingdoms.

The German explorer, medical doctor, imperial consul and commissioner for West Africa Gustav Nachtigal was the driving force toward the colony ’ s establishment.

Instead, he approached Antonio Salieri, the most distinguished composer of Italian opera in Vienna and head of the music establishment at the imperial court.

The was a Japanese aristocratic class that dominated the Japanese imperial court in Kyoto from its establishment as the capital in the late 8th century until the rise of the Shogunate in the 12th century, at which point it was eclipsed by the daimyo.

Unlike eternally divided Europe, China saw early unification and establishment of imperial government with a centralized officialdom.

The German explorer, medical doctor, imperial consul and commissioner for West Africa Gustav Nachtigal was the driving force toward the establishment of the West African colonies of Togoland and Kamerun.

The English economy had once been dominated by imperial Roman spending on a large military establishment, which in turn helped to support a complex network of towns, roads and villas.

However he opposed Lev Sternberg's call for the establishment of an imperial bureau of ethnography, fearing that the discipline would become too tied up with the Tsarist bureaucracy.

His most concrete effort to patronize Chinese learning was his founding of the Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature (), first established in the spring of 1329, and was designed to undertake " a number of tasks relating to the transmission of Confucian high culture to the Mongolian imperial establishment ".

* To be part of a broader movement to stop the establishment of an imperial world order with a " permanent state of exception ", which undergoes constant wars as one of its main tools.

With the establishment of the medieval Italian republics, the patriciate was a formally defined class of governing elites found within metropolitan areas such as Venice, Florence, Genoa, and Amalfi and also in many of the Free imperial cities of Germany such as Nuremburg, Ravensburg, Augsburg, Konstanz and Lindau and Switzerland such Bern, Basel and Zurich.

The recovery of national status and strength became an overarching priority for the Japanese, with the treaty ’ s domestic consequences being the end of Bakufu ( Shogun ) control and the establishment of a new imperial government.

Spanish Falangism in the Falange's original manifesto called the Twenty-Seven Points declared Falangism to support: the unity of Spain and the elimination of regional separatism ; the establishment of a dictatorship led by the Falange ; utilizing violence to regenerate Spain ; promoting the development of Spanish imperial power ; a social revolution to create: a national syndicalist economy that creates national syndicates of both employees and employers to mutually organize and control the economic activity, agrarian reform, industrial expansion, respect for private property with the exception of nationalizing credit facilities to prevent capitalist usury.

Fulton legislators `` work with city officials to pass enabling legislation that will permit the establishment of a fair and equitable '' pension plan for city employes.

He was the last Byzantine Emperor to reign in Constantinople before the establishment of the Latin Empire, which controlled the city for the next 57 years, until it was recovered by the Nicaean Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos.

Since the university's establishment in the city in 1837, the histories of the University of Michigan and Ann Arbor have been closely linked.

It was already founded at the time of the establishment of the city shortly after 1200 ; the exact date is not known.

The name of the city was officially changed to Istanbul in 1930 following the establishment of modern Turkey.

Egypt's capital was permanently moved to Cairo, which was eventually expanded to include the ruins of Fustat and the previous capitals of al-Askar and al-Qatta ' i. While the Fustat fire successfully protected the city of Cairo, a continuing power struggle between Shawar, King Amalric I of Jerusalem, and Zengid general Shirkuh led to the downfall of the Fatimid establishment.

The original Arabic name of Crete was Iqrīṭiš ( < ( της ) Κρήτης ), but after the Emirate of Crete's establishment of its new capital at ربض الخندق Rabḍ al-ḫandaq ( modern Iraklion ), both the city and the island became known as Χάνδαξ ( Khandhax ) or Χάνδακας ( Khandhakas ), which gave Latin and Venetian Candia, from which French Candie and English Candy or Candia.

Financial services have also become important to the city since the establishment of Dublin's International Financial Services Centre in 1987, which is globally recognised as a leading location for a range of internationally traded financial services.

The establishment of Davenport as a political and government unit came in 1839, three years after the city was settled.

They city also expanded with the incorporation of the city of Rockingham and the establishment of the Davenport Municipal Airport.

) The construction of freeways and underpasses by the municipal government, the implementation of reversible lanes during peak rush hour traffic flows, as well as the establishment of the Department of Metropolitan Transit Police ( PMT ) has helped traffic flow in the city ; however, the Guatemalan metropolitan area still faces a growing transportation problem.

The city was the scene of conflicts between different groups of Muslims and Arab tribes in the disorders leading to the establishment of the Abbasid Caliphate.

A new format for a full-size, city centre store was introduced with the opening of the Coventry ( UK ) store in December 2007 as a response to UK government restrictions blocking retail establishment outside city centres ,.

During the Second World War the Canadian Army built a large military supply base in the city to service the Maritime military establishment.

This led to the establishment of Christian religious supremacy in Constantinople and gradually led to a See in that city which sought to rival the authority of the Roman See.

The continued chaos would be instrumental in the events that saw the resurrection of Republican sentiment in the city and the eventual establishment of the Commune of Rome in the following decade.

He had appointed Cola to a civil position at Rome, and, although at first approving the establishment of the tribunate, he later sent a legate who excommunicated him and, with the help of the aristocratic faction, drove him from the city in December 1347.

* 868: Reconquest of the city of Porto, leading to the establishment of the County of Portucale ( Latin name of that city ).

The city was one of several opened to foreign trade following the British victory over China in the First Opium War and the subsequent 1842 Treaty of Nanking which allowed the establishment of the Shanghai International Settlement.

The establishment of the Iran-US Claims Tribunal ( 1981 ), the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia ( 1993 ) and the International Criminal Court ( 2002 ) in the city further consolidated the role of The Hague as a center for international legal arbitration.