By counting the number of stalls and urinals I attempted to form a loose estimate of how many men the hall would hold at one time.

* If it is required to use a single number X as an estimate for the value of numbers, then the arithmetic mean does this best, in the sense of minimizing the sum of squares ( x < sub > i </ sub > − X )< sup > 2 </ sup > of the residuals.

272 ) estimate of 470, 000 as the number of the slave-population ; it is clear, however, that the number must have been out of all proportion to that of the free inhabitants.

Once the ray either encounters a light source, or more probably once a set limiting number of bounces has been evaluated, then the surface illumination at that final point is evaluated using techniques described above, and the changes along the way through the various bounces evaluated to estimate a value observed at the point of view.

The years of potential life lost ( YPLL ) is a simple estimate of the number of years that a person's life was shortened due to a disease.

It is difficult to estimate the number of Discordians because they are not required to hold Discordianism as their only belief system, and because there is an encouragement to form schisms and cabals.

Zwicky estimated the cluster's total mass based on the motions of galaxies near its edge and compared that estimate to one based on the number of galaxies and total brightness of the cluster.

The Drake equation is a mathematical equation used to estimate the number of detectable extraterrestrial civilizations in the Milky Way galaxy.

By the early 18th century, other publishers began to issue collections of dances as well ; a conservative estimate of the number of dances in the English style published between 1651 and 1810 would run to around 20, 000.

In 1997, Jonathan Kingdon suggested that the Nubian giraffe was the most threatened of all giraffes ;, it may number fewer than 250, although this estimate is uncertain.

The first accurate estimate of the number of his works were provided by musicologists only during the 1980s and the 1990s, when extensive thematic catalogues were published.

The number of unregistered Romanians is difficult to estimate, but the Balkan Investigative Reporting Network suggested that in 2007 that there might have been half a million or more.

The initial results of using these models to estimate the number of monopoles created in the big bang contradicted cosmological observations — the monopoles would have been so plentiful and massive that they would have long since halted the expansion of the universe.

One estimate places the total number of television sets in use in the early 1990s at 250, 000 sets.

Manual evaluation is performed by human judges, which are instructed to estimate the quality of a system, or most often of a sample of its output, based on a number of criteria.

This estimate accounted for multiple membership overlaps as well as the number of adherents represented by each attendee of a pagan gathering.

Because of the connection between the Riemann zeta function and π ( x ), the Riemann hypothesis has considerable importance in number theory: if established, it would yield a far better estimate of the error involved in the prime number theorem than is available today.

The Greek authorities were frustrated that he could not provide an exact estimate of the number of attendees more than a year in advance.

The number of Taoists is difficult to estimate, due to a variety of factors including defining Taoism.

Even the " standard " ten-dimensional string theory allows the " curled up " dimensions to be compactified in an enormous number of different ways ( one estimate is 10 < sup > 500 </ sup > ) each of which corresponds to a different collection of fundamental particles and low-energy forces.

Historians estimate their total population may have been three to four times that number.

Some Western scholars, citing anonymous " observers " or " Tajiks around the country ", accordingly estimate the number of Tajiks in Uzbekistan at 20 % or even as high as 25 %- 30 %.

The number of units allocated to each element of work can be based on effort or cost ; it is not an estimate of task duration.

At an African American Fourth of July celebration at Louisville ’ s camp — one that followed a parade through the city streets, including some fifteen hundred armed black and white soldiers and band — Palmer, arriving in a gilded circus chariot, told an estimated twenty thousand attendees, most of whom he had already been assured believed the general was there to declare them free ( and who he claimed later he set out to inform otherwise ), “ My countrymen, you are free, and while I command in this department the military forces of the United States will defend your right to freedom .” That one of its circuit courts was soon to strike down Congress ’ s act of March 3, 1865, liberating black soldiers ’ dependants — some 72, 045 individuals, or by one USCT officer ’ s estimate, “ wo and one half persons freed, for each Colored Soldier enlisted in the State of Kentucky ” and two-thirds of the state ’ s slaves — only fueled the general ’ s intent to cure the state ’ s white residents of “ Negrophobia in its worst form .” “ Slavery is dead in Kentucky ,” he crowed to his wife in October 1865, “ and my Mission is accomplished .” He was soon met with an indictment by Louisville ’ s grand jury for aiding fugitive slaves and a wave of lawsuits from dispossessed Kentucky slaveholders.

The distance from Earth to the subsolar magnetopause varies over time due to solar activity, but typical distances range from 6-15 R. Empirical models using real-time solar wind data can provide a real-time estimate of the magnetopause location.

The estimated composition of these varies somewhat ; according to Rogers there were 2, 300 Welsh spearmen, 7, 000 Welsh and English foot archers and 3, 250 mounted archers and hobelars ( light cavalry ); Ayton puts his estimate at around 3, 000 mounted archers and hobelars, 5, 000 foot archers and additional 3, 500 other troops.

by R Keith, 1835 – 1839, also in Clark's Foreign Theological Library, by T Meyer and J Martin, 1854 – 1858 ), a work of much learning the estimate of which varies according to the hermeneutical principle of the individual critic

The worldwide average age of menarche is very difficult to estimate accurately, and it varies significantly by geographical region, race, ethnicity and other characteristics.

Because energy output varies greatly based on feedstock, it is difficult to estimate potential energy production.

A hot water reset control loop measures the outside air temperature ; this information is used to estimate demand or heating load as the outdoor temperature varies.

The modern estimate of the Seljuk force varies between 95, 000 to 250, 000.

A commonly-used estimate of the thermic effect of food is about 10 % of one's caloric intake, though the effect varies substantially for different food components.

Some 70 – 95 % of all beetle species, depending on the estimate, remain undescribed.

Of course, when a simple function is used to estimate data points from the original, interpolation errors are usually present ; however, depending on the problem domain and the interpolation method used, the gain in simplicity may be of greater value than the resultant loss in accuracy.

This last estimate may conflict with the fossil record depending on whether the genus Kayentachelys, whose fossils date to around, is the earliest known member of Cryptodira or lies outside the least inclusive clade containing Cryptodira and Pleurodira.

Several other expressions for the estimated melting temperature can be obtained depending on the estimate of the average thermal energy.

An animal defending against a predator may engage in either " fight or flight " in response to predator attack or threat of attack, depending on its estimate of the predator's strength relative to its own.

Numbers vary depending on who is counted, but moderate criteria give an estimate of 750, 000 ( 4 % of the population ).

By some estimates, approximately 10 million US workers are creative professionals ; depending upon the depth and breadth of the definition, this estimate may be double.

According to the American National Center for Atmospheric Research, " The total mean mass of the atmosphere is 5. 1480 kg with an annual range due to water vapor of 1. 2 or 1. 5 kg depending on whether surface pressure or water vapor data are used ; somewhat smaller than the previous estimate.

It can be calculated as a multiple of the standard error, with the factor depending of the level of confidence desired ; a margin of one standard error gives a 68 % confidence interval, while the estimate plus or minus 1. 96 standard errors is a 95 % confidence interval, and a 99 % confidence interval runs 2. 58 standard errors on either side of the estimate.

In addition, once an estimate is made, the amount of “ hot money ” may suddenly rise or fall, depending on the economic conditions driving the flow of funds.

For a quick estimate the material is usually driven 1 / 3 above ground, 2 / 3 below ground, but this may be altered depending on the environment.

Making an estimate of the time and manpower that it would have taken to transport the boulders to the site and then erect them, Lambrick concluded that each of the King's Men could have been constructed by a team of ten or twenty ( depending on the size of the stone ) in about two-and-a-half hours.

When compared to the compression wave, the shear wave is approximately one-half ( but may vary significantly from this estimate ) the velocity depending on the medium.

The precise date of the first domestication is unknown, but depending on the molecular clock estimate used by the scientists, the date is estimated to be 8, 200 to 13, 500 years ago.

India's total domestic, agricultural and industrial per capita energy consumption estimate vary depending on the source.

Zaslavsky, et al., estimate that depending on the site and financing costs, costs would be in the range of 1-4 cents per kwh, well below alternative energy sources other than hydro.

Analysts were trying to estimate the political repercussions, mostly depending on how much retail investors, especially seniors saving for retirement, were involved in the market.

to estimate makes this feasible, but also DNA is often highly optimized for specific purposes ( e. g. fast expression or stability ) depending on the organism and the type of gene, making it necessary to adjust the model to these circumstances.

If the bandwidth is not held fixed, but is varied depending upon the location of either the estimate ( balloon estimator ) or the samples ( pointwise estimator ), this produces a particularly powerful method termed adaptive or variable bandwidth kernel density estimation.

A rough estimate has it that there are about 14 million Portuguese speakers across Africa., but depending on the criteria applied, the number might even be considerably higher.

However, this multiplier can vary over a wide range ( many say the range is 5 to 30, but the National Snow and Ice Data Center has quoted a range as wide as 3 to 100 ), depending on the water content of the snow ( how " dry " it is ), so this only provides, at best, a rough estimate of snow depth.

By some estimates, approximately 10 million US workers are creative professionals ; depending upon the depth and breadth of the definition, this estimate may be doubled.

Infiltrations were dealt with on an ad hoc basis by the ROKA, National Police, Army counter-intelligence units and the KCIA usually depending on the estimate of the threat and whichever units happened to be nearby.