A conservative estimate from the Federal Reserve Board in Kansas, based on 2000 data, shows that basic travel and tourism industries accounted for 3. 6 percent of all U. S. employment.

The Sephardic result is in contradiction or not replicated in all the body of genetic studies done in Iberia and has been relativized by the authors themselves and questioned by Stephen Oppenheimer who estimate that much earlier migrations, 5, 000 to 10, 000 years ago from the Eastern Mediterranean might also have accounted for the Sephardic estimates.

According to one estimate, " neurologically disabled veterans in the postwar years accounted for about 25 percent of the patients in general hospitals and 10 percent of those in psychiatric hospitals.

In 2005, when CityRail completed its most recent estimate of station boardings, the City Circle accounted for 221, 160 weekday entries and exits, equivalent to over 55 million annual trips.

A 2006 estimate put the population of the borough at 95, 900 ( this accounted for approx 40 % of the total population for the non-metropolitan county ).

These effect sizes estimate the amount of the variance within an experiment that is " explained " or " accounted for " by the experiment's model.

Most of the decline in population to 1. 17 million is accounted for by the decline in population experienced in the city of New Orleans proper ( coterminous with Orleans Parish ); the Census Bureau estimates that the city's population dropped from 453, 728 prior to the storm ( July 1, 2005 ) to 354, 850 at the most recent estimate for 2009.

If the number of smallest uninhabitable rocks and skerries is accounted, 50, 000 is probably a good estimate.

The trustees will prepare an annual budget for the college and submit it to the board of school estimate.

In the first place, a large part of the discrepancy between President Eisenhower's estimate of a 1.5 billion dollar surplus for the same period and the new estimate of an almost seven billion dollar deficit is the result of the outgoing President's farewell gift of a political booby-trap to his successor.

This will permit you to get a rough estimate of how much the materials for the shell will cost.

From the brightness of the F component of the solar corona and the brightness of the zodiacal light, an estimate of the particle sizes, concentrations, and spatial distribution can be derived for regions of space near the ecliptic plane.

The flux values are for all particles with masses greater than the given mass and are based on an estimate of the numbers of visual meteors.

these figures constitute the best estimate for the flux in interplanetary space near the Earth.

When an evaluative situation is set up, and no concern is with the details that lead to an over-all estimate, we say that roleplaying is used for evaluation.

The registration figures given in Table 2 must be interpreted with caution since the estimate for eligible electors were made without the benefit of a reliable census.

Total farm output for this year is officially forecast at 129% of the 1947-49 average, three points higher than the July 1 estimate and exactly equal to the final figure for 1960.

Part of the time saved was spent on a preliminary estimate for a long-distance plan to free bound oxygen in the sands of Mars to make the planet more friendly to future human generations.

* If it is required to use a single number X as an estimate for the value of numbers, then the arithmetic mean does this best, in the sense of minimizing the sum of squares ( x < sub > i </ sub > − X )< sup > 2 </ sup > of the residuals.

A formula for calculating an unbiased estimate of the population variance from a finite sample of n observations is:

For a particularly robust two-pass algorithm for computing the variance, first compute and subtract an estimate of the mean, and then use this algorithm on the residuals.

OSCE experts estimate that between 116, 000 and 147, 000 people left Armenia for economic reasons between 2002 and 2004, with two-thirds of them returning home by February 2005.

The best current ( 2009 ) estimate of the International Astronomical Union ( IAU ) for the value of the astronomical unit in meters is A = m, based on a comparison of JPL and IAA – RAS ephemerides.

They used a calorimeter to estimate the heat evolved per unit of carbon dioxide produced, eventually finding the same ratio for a flame and animals, indicating that animals produced energy by a type of combustion reaction.

The total population estimate for 1997 is around 60 adults in Sweden, 11 adults in Finland and 50 in Norway.

In theoretical analysis of algorithms it is common to estimate their complexity in the asymptotic sense, i. e., to estimate the complexity function for arbitrarily large input.

According to a 2007 estimate, the median income for a household in the city was $ 57, 189, and the median income for a family was $ 93, 297.

Studies have attempted to estimate a monetary loss for industries affected by piracy by predicting what portion of pirated works would have been formally purchased if they had not been freely available.

Other, more precise and robust methods have been developed For example, the truncated mean of the middle 24 % of the sample order statistics produces an estimate for x < sub > 0 </ sub > that is more efficient than using either the sample median or the full sample mean.

This is because of a greatly reduced likelihood of errors: for a consensus estimate from multiple measurements to be wrong, the errors would have to be similar for all samples and all methods of measurement, which is extremely unlikely.

Also, the energy estimate can be only used for single, not for multiple bonds.

As in the scalar case, the weighted mean of multiple estimates can provide a maximum likelihood estimate.

* Expected Present Value Approach-in this approach multiple cash flows scenarios with different / expected probabilities and a credit-adjusted risk free rate are used to estimate the fair value.

" He argued that if instruments produce random errors because of their imperfections or idiosyncratic qualities, then multiple observations must be taken, analyzed qualitatively, and on this basis, arrive at a " common-sense single value for the constant sought ", whether an arithmetic mean or a " reliable estimate.

In order to estimate how often multiple dispatch is used in practice, Muschevici et al.

For a quantity measured multiple independent times with variance, the best estimate of the signal is obtained

It can be calculated as a multiple of the standard error, with the factor depending of the level of confidence desired ; a margin of one standard error gives a 68 % confidence interval, while the estimate plus or minus 1. 96 standard errors is a 95 % confidence interval, and a 99 % confidence interval runs 2. 58 standard errors on either side of the estimate.

For example, the average price-to-earnings multiple of the guideline companies is applied to the subject firm's earnings to estimate its value.

Compatible hosts may belong to multiple families of vascular plants that are widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere ; according to one 1995 estimate, there are at least 30 host plant species distributed over more than 15 genera.

The discovery of the unconfirmed Silverpit crater and the early report of its age as 65 – 60 million years initially gave greater weight to the hypothesis that the Earth was struck by multiple impactors at this time, however, the age estimate has now been broadened to 74 – 45 million years.

Satellite navigation receivers reduce errors by using combinations of signals from multiple satellites and multiple correlators, and then using techniques such as Kalman filtering to combine the noisy, partial, and constantly changing data into a single estimate for position, time, and velocity.

* The difference in the time of arrival of recorded particles at multiple detectors can be used to estimate the arrival direction of the primary cosmic ray.