Because anthropology developed from so many different enterprises ( see History of Anthropology ), including but not limited to fossil-hunting, exploring, documentary film-making, paleontology, primatology, antiquity dealings and curatorship, philology, etymology, genetics, regional analysis, ethnology, history, philosophy, and religious studies, it is difficult to characterize the entire field in a brief article, although attempts to write histories of the entire field have been made.

Several instances of popular etymology are attested from ancient authors.

A possible etymology is a derivation from the Greek word – aiges = " waves " ( Hesychius of Alexandria ; metaphorical use of ( aix ) " goat "), hence " wavy sea ", cf.

The traditional etymology is from the Latin aperire, " to open ," in allusion to its being the season when trees and flowers begin to " open ," which is supported by comparison with the modern Greek use of ἁνοιξις ( anoixis ) ( opening ) for spring.

Adams ( 1997 ) have also proposed an etymology based on the connection with the Indo-European dawn goddess, from " very " and " to shine ".

The term " adiabatic " literally means impassable, coming from the Greek roots ἀ-(" not "), διὰ-(" through "), and βαῖνειν (" to pass "); this etymology corresponds here to an absence of heat transfer.

The current spelling, amaranth, seems to have come from folk etymology that assumed the final syllable derived from the Greek word anthos (" flower "), common in botanical names.

Among Classical Greeks, amazon was given a popular etymology as from a-mazos, " without breast ", connected with an etiological tradition that Amazons had their left breast cut off or burnt out, so they would be able to use a bow more freely and throw spears without the physical limitation and obstruction ; there is no indication of such a practice in works of art, in which the Amazons are always represented with both breasts, although the left is frequently covered ( see photos in article ).

Since the later discovery of the electron, an easier to remember, and more durably correct technically although historically false, etymology has been suggested: anode, from the Greek anodos, ' way up ', ' the way ( up ) out of the cell ( or other device ) for electrons '.

Albinism ( from Latin albus, " white "; see extended etymology, also called achromia, achromasia, or achromatosis ) is a congenital disorder characterized by the complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes due to absence or defect of tyrosinase, a copper-containing enzyme involved in the production of melanin.

During an audience interview at the Edinburgh Book Festival on 15 April 2004, series author J. K. Rowling had this to say about the fictional Killing Curse's etymology: " Does anyone know where avada kedavra came from?

It is also possible that the name Axeinos arose by popular etymology from a Scythian Iranic axšaina-' unlit ,' ' dark '; the designation " Black Sea " may thus date from Antiquity.

* The etymology of the term " blade runner " is revealed to come from the German phrase bleib ruhig, meaning " remain calm.

A more recent etymology by Xavier Delamarre would derive it from a Common Celtic * Beltinijā, cognate with the name of the Lithuanian goddess of death Giltinė, the root of both being Proto-Indo-European * gʷelH-" suffering, death ".

The etymology of the word " plague " is believed to come from the Latin word plāga (" blow, wound ") and plangere (“ to strike, or to strike down ”), cf.

The village is said to take its name from the " Bold Venture " that it must have appeared to build a farm in this moorland, but this is probably folk etymology, as " Bol -" is a common prefix in Cornish placenames.

One etymology is PIE " inhabitant ", from " home " (> Eng.

The theory that the word originated as an acronym from the names of the group of ministers is a folk etymology, although the coincidence was noted at the time and could possibly have popularized its use.

Since the later discovery of the electron, an easier to remember, and more durably technically correct ( although historically false ), etymology has been suggested: cathode, from the Greek kathodos, ' way down ', ' the way ( down ) into the cell ( or other device ) for electrons '.

An alternative, Proto-Indo-European etymology comes through Potnia and Despoina ; where Des-represents a derivative of PIE * dem ( house, dome ), and Demeter is " mother of the house " ( from PIE * dems-méh₂tēr ).

The term derives its etymology from the Daedalus Labyrinth or " complicated maze ".

If this etymology is combined with the tradition reported by Geoffrey of Monmouth stating that Ambrosius Aurelianus ordered the building of Stonehenge – which is located within the parish of Amesbury ( and where Ambrosius was supposedly buried ) – and with the presence of an Iron Age hill fort also in that parish, then it may be tempting to connect Ambrosius with Amesbury.

Due to a false etymology, a popular belief is that they were most likely Finns – the obsolete name of Nenets people, Samoyed, has a similar meaning in Russian: " self-eater ".

Piersen writes, " Such an etymology would offer Indiana a plausible and worthy first Hoosier – ' Black Harry ' Hoosier – the greatest preacher of his day, a man who rejected slavery and stood up for morality and the common man.

In another view on the etymology, Athenaeus of Naucratis ( 2nd – 3rd century CE ) says that the original form of the word was trygodia from trygos ( grape harvest ) and ode ( song ), because those events were first introduced during grape harvest.

The etymology of the Japanese word bushido, stemming from the < i > Zhou </ i > Dynasty ( 1111 – 256 BCE )( Zhang, and Fan, 2003 )< ref > 中国历史与文明 The History and Civilization of China, 五月 2003 ( May 2003 ), 页 26 ( pg.

Young men celebrated their coming of age ; they cut off and dedicated their first beards to their household Lares and if citizens, wore their first toga virilis, the " manly " toga – which Ovid, perhaps by way of poetic etymology, calls a toga libera ( Liber's toga or " toga of freedom ").

Cognac-producing regions should not be confused with the northeastern region of Champagne, a wine region that produces sparkling wine by that name, although they do share a common etymology – both being derivations of a French term for chalky soil.

* Breo Saighead (" the fiery arrow " – a folk etymology found in Sanas Cormaic, but considered very unlikely by etymologists )

The folk etymology – involving a châtelaine named, a ruse ending a siege and the joyous ringing of bells (" sona ") – though memorialized in a neo-Gothic sculpture of Mme.

An 1878 publication, Old and New London: Volume 4, mentions the idea that the area was named after a village called " Lomesbury " which formerly stood where Bloomsbury Square is now ,< ref >< cite >' Bloomsbury ', Old and New London: Volume 4 ( 1878 ), pp. 480 – 89 Date accessed: 8 March 2007 </ ref > though this piece of folk etymology is now discredited.

Charles Moore Watson ( 1844 – 1916 ) proposes an alternate etymology: The Assize of Weights and Measures ( also known as Tractatus de Ponderibus et Mensuris ), one of the statutes of uncertain date from the reign of either Henry III or Edward I, thus before 1307, specifies " troni ponderacionem "— which the Public Record Commissioners translates as " troy weight ".

Its etymology can be traced to the unlicensed nature of the transmission, but historically there has been occasional but notable use of sea vessels – fitting the most common perception of a pirate – as broadcasting bases.

Folk etymology traces its name to Ingegerd Olofsdotter, the daughter of the Swedish king Olof Skötkonung ( 995 – 1022 ).

The name has been suggested to be related to Russian Липа ( lipa ), linden tree or to Filippovka, a holiday name dedicated to Saint Philip, however, the accepted etymology says it's derived from name of Filipp Pustosviat ( 1672 – 1742 ), the adepts of whom being named filippovcy or ( fi ) lippovane.

The 1st century BC Greek astronomer Geminus of Rhodes claimed that the etymology of Thule came from an archaic word for the polar night phenomenon – " the place where the sun goes to rest ".

Only several dozen words ( perhaps 200, if we add Gaulish etymology ) survive in modern French, for example chêne, ‘ oak tree ’ and charrue ‘ plough '; Delamarre ( 2003, pp. 389 – 90 ) lists 167.

Frank Le Maistre ( 1910 – 2002 ), compiler of the dictionary Dictionnaire Jersiais – Français, maintained a literary output starting in the 1930s with newspaper articles under the pseudonym Marie la Pie, poems, magazine articles, research into toponymy and etymology.

The related abstract noun – banausia is defined by Hesychius as " every craft () by means of fire ", reflecting the folk etymology of the word as coming from ( baunos ) " furnace " and ( auō ) " to dry ".

While the term's etymology might suggest that antisemitism is directed against all Semitic peoples, the term was coined in the late 19th century in Germany as a more scientific-sounding term for Judenhass (" Jew-hatred "),

The latter etymology was first suggested by John Mitchell Kemble who alluded that " of six manuscripts in which this passage occurs, one only reads Bretwalda: of the remaining five, four have Bryten-walda or-wealda, and one Breten-anweald, which is precisely synonymous with Brytenwealda "; that Æthelstan was called brytenwealda ealles ðyses ealondes, which Kemble translates as " ruler of all these islands "; and that bryten-is a common prefix to words meaning ' wide or general dispersion ' and that the similarity to the word bretwealh (' Briton ') is " merely accidental ".

St. Gregory VII having, indeed, abridged the order of prayers, and having simplified the Liturgy as performed at the Roman Court, this abridgment received the name of Breviary, which was suitable, since, according to the etymology of the word, it was an abridgment.

As suggested by the etymology of the word, one of the earliest reasons for interest in geometry was surveying, and certain practical results from Euclidean geometry, such as the right-angle property of the 3-4-5 triangle, were used long before they were proved formally.

In different Indo-European languages, each of these words has a difficult etymology because of taboo deformations — a euphemism was substituted for the original, which no longer occurs in the language.

This statement was likely picked up by the author of the Estoire Merlin, or Vulgate Merlin, where the author ( who was fond of fanciful folk etymologies ) asserts that Escalibor " is a Hebrew name which means in French ' cuts iron, steel, and wood '" (" c ' est non Ebrieu qui dist en franchois trenche fer & achier et fust "; note that the word for " steel " here, achier, also means " blade " or " sword " and comes from medieval Latin aciarium, a derivative of acies " sharp ", so there is no direct connection with Latin chalybs in this etymology ).

The citadel was named after the river, itself of uncertain etymology.

The etymology connecting * alboz with albus " white " suggests an original dichotomy of " white " vs. " black " genii, corresponding to the elves vs. the dwarves which was subsequently confused.

" Though dozens of etymology suggestions have been published, this is the only etymology published before 1947 that was confirmed by Qumran text self-designation references, and it is gaining acceptance among scholars.

In Greek mythology, Eurystheus ( pronounced, meaning " broad strength " in folk etymology and pronounced ) was king of Tiryns, one of three Mycenaean strongholds in the Argolid, although other authors including Homer and Euripides cast him as ruler of Argos: Sthenelus was his father and the " victorious horsewoman " Nicippe his mother, and he was a grandson of the hero Perseus, as was his opponent Heracles.

The etymology of the name is disputed ; an alternative name of the dance is stantipes, which suggests that one foot was stationary during the dance ; but the more widely accepted etymology relates it to estamper, to stamp the feet.

The supposition that the early < nowiki >< nowiki ></ nowiki > vidula was adopted independently in more than one < nowiki > language < nowiki ></ nowiki > would account adequately for all the < nowiki ></ nowiki > forms ; on the other hand, * fiÞulôn-may be an < nowiki >< nowiki ></ nowiki > word of native etymology, though no satisfactory < nowiki ></ nowiki > derivation has been found.

However, this Irish etymology was suggested by Daniel Cassidy, whose work has been widely criticised by reputable linguists and scholars.