Māori had long known of the existence of gold in Central Otago, but having no knowledge of metallurgy had no use for the ore. For a precious material they relied on greenstone for weaponry and tools, and used greenstone, obsidian and bone carving for jewellery.

Exon trapping or ' gene trapping ' is a molecular biology technique that exploits the existence of the intron-exon splicing to find new genes.

Turner's exploits lead to his initiation into the Order, a quasi-religious inner cadre that directs the Organization and whose existence remains secret to both the System and ordinary Organization members.

Van Seters ' Abraham in History and Tradition ( 1975 ) was one of the seminal publications in its field, arguing that no convincing evidence existed to support the historical existence of Abraham and the other Biblical Patriarchs or the historical reliability of their origins in Mesopotamia and their exploits and travels as depicted in the book of book of Genesis.

On the human side, various subplots run through the novel, contrasting the " official " heroism of NASA with the human fallibilities of the cast — the difficulties the Kolffs face in integrating into American society ; Norman Grant's initial embrace of the space program and his abandonment of it as it no longer serves his political aims, while his unstable wife and their daughter fall in with a highly intelligent but cynical cult leader calling himself Leopold Strabismus who exploits first the UFO craze and then an anti-scientific creationist agenda to increase his fortune ; Randy Claggett's womanizing ; the contrast between Stanley and Rachel Mott's ordered, rational existence and their troubled relationship with their sons, and John Pope's unusual yet supportive relationship with his lawyer wife Penny.

Despite this opinion among researchers, evidence has accumulated that supports the existence of complex biological effects of weaker non-thermal electromagnetic fields, ( including weak ELF magnetic fields, although the latter does not strictly qualify as EM radiation < ref >), and modulated RF and microwave fields.

* 1948 — George Gamow predicts the existence of the cosmic microwave background radiation by considering the behavior of primordial radiation in an expanding universe

In his book he also claimed that Alfvén's models do not predict Hubble's law, the abundance of light elements, or the existence of the cosmic microwave background.

The medal has been awarded to multiple individuals in the same year: in 1977 it was awarded to Arno Allan Penzias and Robert Woodrow Wilson " for their discovery of the cosmic microwave radiation ( a remnant of the very early universe ), and their leading role in the discovery of interstellar molecules "; in 1989 to Riccardo Giovanelli and Martha P. Haynes " for the first three-dimensional view of some of the remarkable large-scale filamentary structures of our visible universe "; in 1993 to Ralph Asher Alpher and Robert Herman " for their insight and skill in developing a physical model of the evolution of the universe and in predicting the existence of a microwave background radiation years before this radiation was serendipitously discovered " and in 2001 to R. Paul Butler and Geoffrey Marcy " for their pioneering investigations of planets orbiting other stars via high-precision radial velocities ".

* the existence and structure of the cosmic microwave background

Major advances in Radar take place at the University of Birmingham during the Second World WarThe magnetron, the core component in the development of radar, and the first microwave power oscillators are developed at the University of Birmingham during World War II ( the microwave oven owes its existence to these developments ).

In 1948, as a consequence of their studies of nucleosynthesis in the early expanding Big Bang universe model, they made the first theoretical prediction of the existence of a residual, homogeneous, isotopic, blackbody radiation ( cosmic microwave background radiation ) that pervades the universe as a vestige of the initial Big Bang explosion.

They were recognized " for their insight and skill in developing a physical model of the evolution of the universe and in predicting the existence of a microwave background radiation years before this radiation was serendipitously discovered ; through this work they were participants in one of the major intellectual achievements of the 20th century.

However, the existence of amusic individuals who are able to sing proficiently suggests that there may be separate neural pathways for auditory perception and action.

While it is technically correct to say that some forms of employment or activity utilize sound, alternatives can usually be found and are sometimes preferable to their auditory counterparts, as the prevalence of text messaging despite the existence of telephones would seem to demonstrate.

To this effect I had already severed all connections which bound me to my former existence.

This is not to deny the existence of pogroms and ghettos, but only to assert that these horrors have had an effect on the nerves of people who did not experience them, that among the various side effects is the local hysteria of Jewish writers and intellectuals who cry out from confusion, which they call oppression and pain.

A significant effect discovered during the study is the existence of Prandtl numbers reaching values of more than unity in the nitrogen dissociation region.

This established the existence of the phenomenon of aberration beyond all doubt, and also allowed Bradley to formulate a set of rules that would allow the calculation of the effect on any given star at a specified date.

In a final twist, Bradley later went on to discover the existence of the nutation of the Earth's axis – the effect that he had originally considered to be the cause of aberration.

Existence is not being ; it gives being – here a customary phrase is used, existence is a principle ( a source ) of being, not a previous source, but one which is continually in effect.

In the early work of Max Planck, Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr, the existence of energy in discrete quantities had been postulated, in order to explain phenomena, such as the spectrum of black-body radiation, the photoelectric effect, and the stability and spectrum of atoms such as hydrogen, that had eluded explanation by, and even appeared to be in contradiction with, classical physics.

Dutch physicists Hendrik B. G. Casimir and Dirk Polder at Philips Research Labs proposed the existence of a force between two polarizable atoms and between such an atom and a conducting plate in 1947, and, after a conversation with Niels Bohr who suggested it had something to do with zero-point energy, Casimir alone formulated the theory predicting a force between neutral conducting plates in 1948 ; the former is called the Casimir-Polder force while the latter is the Casimir effect in the narrow sense.

In effect, the world of all things divides, on this view, into those ( like Socrates, the planet Venus, and New York City ) that have existence in the narrow sense, and those ( like Sherlock Holmes, the goddess Venus, and Minas Tirith ) that do not.

The existence of the greenhouse effect was argued for by Joseph Fourier in 1824.

In a letter to Conrad Schmidt dated August 5, 1890, he stated that " And if this man ( i. e., Paul Barth ) has not yet discovered that while the material mode of existence is the primum agens this does not preclude the ideological spheres from reacting upon it in their turn, though with a secondary effect, he cannot possibly have understood the subject he is writing about.

Experimental evidence for the existence of anyons exists in the fractional quantum Hall effect, a phenomenon observed in the two-dimensional electron gases that form the inversion layer of MOSFETs.

This indifference of " things in themselves " ( closely linked with the later notion of " being-in-itself " in his Being and Nothingness ) has the effect of highlighting all the more the freedom Roquentin has to perceive and act in the world ; everywhere he looks, he finds situations imbued with meanings which bear the stamp of his existence.

The metaphysician attempts to clarify the fundamental notions by which people understand the world, e. g., existence, objects and their properties, space and time, cause and effect, and possibility.

It is here where it can be argued that it's impossible to get a higher or maximum concept of God since existence, as an entity itself, would be the totality of causality, every force to cause, every effect from cause, everything in and of existence, every governing rule or law, every property and attribute, and the very necessity and essence value of all there is, was, could be, or ever will be.

The Curies immediately confirmed the existence of the converse effect, and went on to obtain quantitative proof of the complete reversibility of electro-elasto-mechanical deformations in piezoelectric crystals.

One proposed explanation of the existence of the recency effect in a continual distractor condition, and the disappearance of it in an end-only distractor task is the influence of contextual and distinctive processes.

Aquinas notes that the existence of final causes, by which a cause is directed toward an effect, can only be explained by an appeal to intelligence.

While the energy of ejected electrons reflected Planck's constant, the existence of photons was not explicitly proven until the discovery of the photon antibunching effect, of which a modern experiment can be performed in undergraduate-level labs.

In spite of his recognition of the gods, the practical effect of this materialistic explanation of the gods ' existence and their complete non-intervention in human affairs renders his philosophy akin in divine effects to the attitude of Deism.

His view of life is deterministic and the basis of his religious thinking is the predestinate recognition of the necessity of all temporal existence as an effect of the absolute, eternal, and immutable will of God, so that even the fall of the human race appears to him essential to the divine plan of the world.

In effect, this means that it is sufficient to require the existence of either all meets or all joins to obtain the class of all complete lattices.

According to research psychologist Russell Barkley, the New Age movement has yet to produce empirical evidence of the existence of indigo children, as the traits most commonly attributed to them were akin to the Forer effect ( i. e., so vague they could describe nearly anyone ).

For example, some people may value the existence of a diverse set of species, regardless of the effect of the loss of a species on ecosystem services.

The second article, published in 1938, states that launching a swift strategic knockout has great attractions for Germany but appears to accept that such a knockout will be very difficult to achieve by land attack under modern conditions ( especially in view of the existence of systems of fortification like the Maginot Line ) unless an exceptionally high degree of surprise is achieved.

The name purocoronavium that appears in the Ravenna Cosmography implies the existence of a sub-tribe called the Cornavii or Cornovii, perhaps the ancestors of the Cornish people.

His fate remains unknown, since he only appears as a floating head from another plane of existence.

It appears to me, that the general conclusions established by Mesmer ’ s practice, with respect to the physical effects of the principle of imagination [...] are incomparably more curious than if he had actually demonstrated the existence of his boasted science " animal magnetism ": nor can I see any good reason why a physician, who admits the efficacy of the moral psychological agents employed by Mesmer, should, in the exercise of his profession, scruple to copy whatever processes are necessary for subjecting them to his command, any more than that he should hesitate about employing a new physical agent, such as electricity or galvanism.

The existence of blue LEDs and high-efficiency LEDs quickly led to the development of the first white LED, which employed a: Ce, or " YAG ", phosphor coating to mix yellow ( down-converted ) light with blue to produce light that appears white.

That appears to be a monist position, but the Madhyamaka views-including variations like Prasangika and Yogacara and the more modern shentong ( which is sometimes criticized as stating the existence of an absolute ) Tibetan position-will refrain from asserting any ultimately existent entity.

He tells them to stop questioning their existence because, upon examination, life appears too chaotic to comprehend.

Mike Parker Pearson, leader of the Stonehenge Riverside Project based at Durrington Walls, noted that Stonehenge appears to have been associated with burial from the earliest period of its existence:

In that case, the theist appears to face a dilemma: either to accept that both sets of responses are equally bad, and so that the theist does not have an adequate response to the problem of evil ; or to accept that both responses are equally good, and so to consider the existence of an omnipotent, omniscient, and omnimalevolent being as plausible.

The G-Spot's existence, and existence as a distinct structure, is still under dispute, as its location can vary from woman to woman and appears to be nonexistent in some women, and it is hypothesized to be an extension of the clitoris and therefore the reason for vaginal orgasms.

His scepticism to which his ontological parsimony request leads appears in his doctrine that human reason can prove neither the immortality of the soul nor the existence, unity, and infinity of God.

A younger sister named Dawn ( Michelle Trachtenberg ) mysteriously appears in Buffy's household, her existence having been seamlessly integrated with memories of the other characters.

It seems to have received a colony in the time of Augustus, whence we find mention in inscriptions of the Ordo et Populus splendidissimae Coloniae Augustae Himeraeorum Thermitanorum: and there can be very little doubt that the Thermae colonia of Pliny in reality refers to this town, though he evidently understood it to be Thermae Selinuntiae ( modern Sciacca ), as he places it on the south coast between Agrigentum ( modern Agrigento ) and Selinus There are little subsequent account of Thermae ; but, as its name is found in Ptolemy and the Itineraries, it appears to have continued in existence throughout the period of the Roman Empire, and probably never ceased to be inhabited, as the modern town of Termini Imerese retains the ancient site as well as name.

The Cārvāka school thus appears to have gradually grown out of generic skepticism in the Mauryan period, but its existence as an organized body cannot be ascertained for times predating the 6th century.

They do not generally permit more than one finite verb in a sentence, which precludes the existence of subordinate clauses in the Indo-European sense ; equivalent functions are performed by extensive arrays of nominal and participial non-finite verb forms ( although Abkhaz appears to be developing limited subordinate clauses, perhaps under the influence of Russian ).

Thrawn's promotion is long kept secret by Emperor Palpatine, and at the beginning of the Thrawn series the New Republic appears to be entirely unaware of his identity, or even his existence.

In Mangaia, the name Ro ' e appears in Te Aka-ia-Ro ' e ( the root of all existence ) which, according to Tregear, is ' a spirit in the form of a thick stem tapering to a point, and is situated at the bottom of the Universe, sustaining the Cosmos ' ( Gill 1976: 1, Tregear 1891: 421 ).

A Post-Crisis Supergirl appears in Supergirl and the Legion of Super-Heroes, in which she is transported to the 31st century, and, as a result of her disorientation, for a time believes she is dreaming her surroundings into existence until finally convinced otherwise.

The Nun is the source of all that appears in a differentiated world, encompassing all aspects of divine and earthly existence.

According to Dennis Showalter, " a major challenge of political anti-Semitism involves overcoming the images of the ' Jew next door ' — the living, breathing acquaintance or associate whose simple existence appears to deny the validity of that negative stereotype.

Moreover government education policy appears to accept the existence of some kind of hierarchy in secondary education, with specialist schools, advanced schools, beacon schools and similar initiatives proposed as ways of raising standards.

Recent research appears to validate the existence of universal human needs, although the hierarchy proposed by Maslow is called into question.