He has been trained by the Creedish to be a menial laborer ( i. e. a missionary of the Church ), but he is bored with his existence and disillusioned with his faith.

As a Catholic missionary, Ricci strongly criticized the " recondite science " of geomancy along with astrology as yet another superstitio absurdissima of the heathens: " What could be more absurd than their imagining that the safety of a family, honors, and their entire existence must depend upon such trifles as a door being opened from one side or another, as rain falling into a courtyard from the right or from the left, a window opened here or there, or one roof being higher than another?

Soon after Bingham announced the existence of Machu Picchu others came forward claiming to have seen the city first, such as the British missionary Thomas Payne and a German engineer named J. M. von Hassel.

The churches at Swannington, Coalville and Thringstone all owe their existence to the zealous missionary drive of the Reverend Francis Merewether MA ( 1784 – 1864 ), Vicar of Whitwick for more than fifty years, and also Rector of Coleorton.

The missionary David Livingstone could see no struggle for existence on the African plains.

When Lind is persuaded by Anna ’ s friends not to leave as a missionary but stay in a cosy existence looking after his wife, Falk denounces the lot of them – saying that their marriages have nothing to do with love.

The first legal proof of Lungern's existence is contained in a tax register for the diocese of the bishop of Konstanz in Germany dating from the year 1275.

Amongst all Catalonian bishoprics, the Diocese of Urgell has been that which has experienced the most border-related changes throughout its existence, mainly for political reasons: the loss of Ribagorça ( 9th century ), to the benefit of the Diocese of Roda, and the cession of 144 parishes of the Berguedà, the Solsonès and a part of the Segarra, to the benefit of the new diocese of Solsona ( 1593-1623 ); later, it was necessary to adapt the territory to the borders between states, and thus in 1803, the 24 parishes of French Cerdagne, which had been ceded to France from the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659, also passed ecclesiastically to that country ; and in 1804, the 28 from the Aran Valley, a territory circumscribed by France yet united fully to the Catalan-Aragonese territories at least since the 12th century, were annexed to the diocese of Urgell, coming from the eliminated Gascon diocese of Sant Bertran de Comenge.

A bishop of Kraków first came into existence when the diocese was created in 1000 ; it was promoted to an archdiocese on October 28, 1925.

Most of the abbey's site is built over by the modern town, but the fine Gothic church, built in the 14th century, was not destroyed ; neither were the cloisters and conventual buildings, which until the " Association Laws " of 1901 were used as a seminary for the diocese of Besançon, and still remain in existence.

Throughout its existence, the diocese has remained predominantly located in southern England.

The diocese has said to have existed since the first century, but evidence only proves existence since the 4th century.

He acknowledged the existence of the state as a dispensation of Providence, described the coexistence of church and state as a divine ordinance, and emphasized the necessity of union between the sacerdotium and the imperium.

The people of Monyul practiced the shamanistic Bön religion, which emphasized worship of nature and the existence of good and evil spirits.

Studies in Advanced and Less Developed Countries, Alejandro Portes and collaborators emphasized the existence of an informal economy in all countries by including case studies ranging from New York City and Madrid to Uruguay and Colombia.

At the outset of WCW's existence, as well as with the promotions that came before it, the company was strongly identified with the Southern style of professional wrestling ( or rasslin '), which emphasized athletic in-ring competition over the showmanship and cartoonish characters of the WWF.

Also, regarding perception, the Yogācārins emphasized that our everyday understanding of the existence of external objects is problematic, since in order to perceive any object ( and thus, for all practical purposes, for the object to " exist "), there must be a sensory organ as well as a correlative type of consciousness to allow the process of cognition to occur.

He acknowledged the existence of the state as a dispensation of Providence, described the coexistence of church and state as a divine ordinance, and emphasized the necessity of union between the sacerdotium and the imperium.

Like Kūkai, Saichō emphasized the importance of striving for enlightenment as an immediate goal to be attained in this existence ( sokushin-jōbutsu ).

Weber emphasized that Confucianism tolerated the simultaneous existence of many popular cults and made no effort to organize them as part of a religious doctrine, while nonetheless curtailing the political ambitions of their priests.

Opposedly, MST leaders emphasized at the time and since that their practical activity was a response to the existence of a host of destitutes whose prospects of obtaining productive, continuous employment in conventional labor markets was bleak, as admitted even by President Cardoso, who during a 1996 interview, said: " I'm not to say that my government will be of the excluded, for that it cannot be [...] I don't know how many excluded there will be ".

In other words, neo-orthodoxy might be said to have a greater appreciation of tragedy in human existence than either conservatism or liberalism, a point emphasized by a latter-day interpreter of the movement, Canadian theologian Douglas John Hall.

The existence of the Ursuline convent thus emphasized both the economic discomfort felt by non-Catholics in general, and the religious discomfort felt by conservative Protestants such as the Reverend Lyman Beecher.

" The creator and soul of the Promethean concept Charaszkiewicz was Marshal Piłsudski, who as early as 1904, in a memorandum to the Japanese government, pointed out the need to employ, in the struggle against Russia, the numerous non-Russian nations that inhabited the basins of the Baltic, Black and Caspian Seas, and emphasized that the Polish nation, by virtue of its history, love of freedom, and uncompromising stance toward three empires that had partitioned Poland out of political existence at the end of the 18th century would, in that struggle, doubtless take a leading place and help work the emancipation of other nations oppressed by Russia.

" While some have emphasized that promoting the primacy of a pan-Islamic identity ( over all other identities ) is essential to maintaining a distinctiveness from India and preventing national " collapse ", others have argued that the Two Nation Theory has served its purpose in " midwifing " Pakistan into existence and should now be discarded to allow Pakistan to emerge as a normal nation-state.

Climacus rejects Hegel's suppression of individuality by pointing out it is impossible to create a valid set of rules or system in any society which can adequately describe existence for any one individual.

He saw levelling as the process of suppressing individuality to a point where the individual's uniqueness becomes non-existent and nothing meaningful in his existence can be affirmed:

The One causes all things by conferring unity, in the form of individuality, on them, and in Neoplatonism existence, unity, and form tend to become equivalent.

The name of the dead person, which constituted their individuality and was required for their continued existence, was written in many places throughout the Book, and spell 25 ensured the deceased would remember their own name.

In the late 1930s, psychologists, interested in the uniquely human issues, such as the self, self-actualization, health, hope, love, creativity, nature, being, becoming, individuality, and meaning — that is, a concrete understanding of human existence, included Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, and Clark Moustakas, who were interested in founding a professional association dedicated to a psychology focused on these features of human capital demanded by post-industrial society.

This represents a sense of individuality and a separation from a general existence of any " divine plan ".

By appealing to this tragic law of existence, Antiphon, speaking with the voice of humanity, wishes to shake off everything that can do violence to the individuality of the person.

:*" I find myself regarding existence as though from beyond the tomb, from another world ; all is strange to me ; I am, as it were, outside my own body and individuality ; I am depersonalized, detached, cut adrift.

Sarkar considers cooperatives the best economic structure for human society, arguing that if individuality dominates human life, it will " adversely affect the environment, the welfare of different groups and even the continued existence of humanity ".

" I find myself regarding existence as though from beyond the tomb, from another world ; all is strange to me ; I am, as it were, outside my own body and individuality ; I am depersonalized, detached, cut adrift.

In his own literary existence he also constantly strove for independence.

To overcome the political barrier of nationalism, Lenin said it was necessary to acknowledge the existence of nationalism among oppressed peoples, and to guarantee their national independence, as the right of secession ; and that, based upon national self-determination, it was natural for socialist states to transcend nationalism and form a federation.

In most cases, their own existence and independence had been disputed, or opposed, by one or more of the European colonial empires.

The Army is modelled on the British Army and came into existence after independence in 1961.

Kagan suggests that such a procedure might be justified on the grounds that, “ a general requirement to promote the good would lack the motivational underpinning necessary for genuine moral requirements ” and, secondly, that personal independence is necessary for the existence of commitments and close personal relations and that “ the value of such commitments yields a positive reason for preserving within moral theory at least some moral independence for the personal point of view .”

Since the defeat of the constitutional referendum in 2000, politics in Zimbabwe has been marked by a move from the norms of democratic governance, such as democratic elections, the independence of the judiciary, the rule of law, freedom from racial discrimination, the existence of independent media, civil society and academia.

In the sociology of Émile Durkheim, sui generis is used to illustrate his theory of an independence in social existence, as follows.

The commune of Dakar has been in continuous existence since 1887, being preserved by the new state of Senegal after independence in 1960, although its limits have varied considerably over time.

* In Olaf Stapledon's 1937 novel Star Maker, great care is taken by the Symbiont race to keep its existence hidden from " pre-utopian " primitives, " lest they should lose their independence of mind ".

During the later period of its existence and particularly from 1031 AD under the Ta ' ifa system of Islamic Emirates ( Princedoms ) in the southern half of Iberia, the Emirate / Sultanate of Granada maintained its independence largely due to the payment of Tributes to the northern Christian Kingdoms which began to gradually expand south at its expense from 1031.

Referendum can be called on any issue falling within competence of Parliament of Croatia or on any other issue which President of Croatia considers to be important for the independence, unity and existence of the Republic.

The controversy regarding the political status of Taiwan ( or " Taiwan Issue " as referred to by the Communist Party of China ) hinges on whether Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu should remain effectively independent as territory of the Republic of China ( ROC ), become unified with the territories now governed by the People's Republic of China ( PRC ), or formally declare independence and become the Republic of Taiwan ; furthermore, on whether its existence and status as a state (" country ") is legitimate and recognized by the international community.

* Reporters Without Borders considers the number of journalists murdered, expelled or harassed, and the existence of a state monopoly on TV and radio, as well as the existence of censorship and self-censorship in the media, and the overall independence of media as well as the difficulties that foreign reporters may face.

" However, when the power of Ali appeared to threaten the existence of the Ottoman dynasty, particularly given the death of the Sultan on 1 July 1839, he succeeded in bringing the great powers together to sign a collective note on 27 July pledging them to maintain the independence and integrity of the Turkish Empire in order to preserve the security and peace of Europe.

This kind of evidence, of independence of sequence of stages, combined with the above-mentioned evidence, of independence of qualitative kind of work, would show the existence of a very important state variable that corresponds with adiabatic work, but not that such a state variable represented a conserved quantity.

Chisholm's criteria for the intentional use of sentences are: existence independence, truth-value indifference, and referential opacity.

Morality, religion, metaphysics, all the rest of ideology and their corresponding forms of consciousness no longer retain the semblance of independence ; they have no history and no development ; but men, developing their material production and their material intercourse, alter, along with their real existence, their thinking and the product of their collective thinking.

Scottish loyalism is typified by a loud, and at times militant, opposition to Irish Republicanism, Scottish independence and the Roman Catholic Churchparticularly the existence of Roman Catholic denominational schools.

When India gained independence in 1947 and Pakistan came into existence in 1947, the British left the local rulers of the princely states the choice of whether to join one of the new dominions or to remain independent.

Although sympathies of the overwhelmingly Greek population ( only Rhodes and Kos had Turkish communities ) leaned heavily towards Greece following its declaration of independence in 1822, the islanders did not join the Greek War of Independence, continuing instead a semi-autonomous existence as an archipelago of Greek merchants within the Ottoman Empire.

In cases of immediate threats to the independence, unity and existence of the state, the president may order the use of armed forces, even if no state of war is declared, provided that such an order is countersigned by the prime minister.