The Dodo achieved widespread recognition from its role in the story of Alice in Wonderland, and it has since become a fixture in popular culture, often as a symbol of extinction and obsolescence.

( 1977 ): Plant-animal mutualism: coevolution with Dodo leads to near extinction of plant.

The Dodo of Mauritius, shown here in a 1626 illustration by Roelant Savery, is an often-cited example of Holocene extinction | modern extinction.

The Dodo, and its extinction, was more typical of the extinctions of pigeons in the past.

Despite the severity of this boundary event, there was significant variability in the rate of extinction between and within different clades.

Even though the boundary event was severe, there was significant variability in the rate of extinction between and within different clades.

This extinction event lasted perhaps as long as 20 Ma, and there is evidence for a series of extinction pulses within this period.

After these lines ended in extinction, the electors began to elect kings from different families so that the throne would not once again settle within a single dynasty.

There are currently 20, 000 speakers of a subset of the Dutch dialect West Flemish in the arrondissement of Dunkirk and this particular subset is in danger of extinction within decades.

Even so, the diversity within the lines allowed for great variation in the gene pool that may help to protect the South American sea lion from extinction.

Peoples such as the Akuntsu and Kanoê have been brought to the brink of extinction within the last three decades.

The IUCN's global red list can be accessed on the internet to determine if there is any species within a particular wetland system that has been identified as needing assistance to prevent extinction.

While this complicated process of institutional infighting unfolded, the group within the old OSS where Helms had labored was rescued from extinction.

Special mention should be made here of the pygmy owl ( Glaucidium passerinum ) which is threatened with extinction and which lives in the submontane to subalpine zones within mixed and pine forests interspersed with open areas.

He sat for that borough until December 1832, and on its extinction contested the borough of St Ives, within the limits of which the Cornish estates of the Praeds were situated.

As a result of anthropogenic modification of the environment, the extinction rate has climbed to the point where the Earth is now within a sixth mass extinction event, as commonly agreed by biologists.

One of the theories regarding the extinction of the species is that with human settlement in the Bay Area, new species of ant were introduced which slowly replaced the existing ant species within the butterfly's super habitat.

Small populations that survive within such fragments are often susceptible to inbreeding, genetic drift, or extinction due to small fluctuations in the environment.

Some means of accounting for interstellar extinction, which also makes objects appear fainter and more red, is also needed, especially if the object lies within a dusty or gaseous region.

A PhD study in North Carolina found that TNR consistently reduced the populations of feral cat colonies by a mean of 36 % over two years and with the extinction of one third of the colonies within the same period, while the non-TNR'd colonies increased by a mean of 47 %.

Some of the problems in the comparative study of languages within the phylum are the result of their early extinction and minimal documentation.

The Cylons of the 1978 / 1980 series are not the mechanical foils seen throughout the series, but an advanced reptilian race who created the robots ( who were referred to as Cylons within the show ) to serve them, maintain their vast empire and to man their military forces in the face of a sudden population drop that eventually led to the Cylons ' extinction — seemingly overnight.

In an interview with The Australian on 16 June 2010, he predicted the extinction of the human race within 100 years.

In more recent times ( 2007 ), the numbers both within the reserve and without have been severely diminished to the point of near extinction as a result of extended drought.

It is thought that this isolated population will face extinction within 10 years.

For stars that lie near the plane of the Milky Way and are within a few thousand parsecs of the Earth, extinction in the V band is on the order of 1. 8 magnitudes per kiloparsec.

Paleontologists regard birds as the only clade of dinosaurs to have survived the Cretaceous – Paleogene extinction event 65. 5 Ma ago.

While this is intended as a clever con trick, the machine, surprisingly, works, sending Blackadder and Baldrick back to the time of the dinosaurs, where they manage to cause the extinction of the dinosaurs, through the use of Baldrick's best, worst and only pair of underpants as a weapon against a hungry T. Rex.

Some sub-ethnicities are now represented by only 30 – 100 individuals and are threatened with extinction.

Trilobites are rarer than in previous periods, on a steady trend towards extinction, represented only by the proetid group.

* 1979 – The eradication of the smallpox virus is certified, making smallpox the first and to date only human disease driven to extinction.

However, statistical analysis shows that this can only account for 50 % of the observed pattern, and other evidence ( such as fungal spikes ) provides reassurance that most widely accepted extinction events are indeed real.

As fossil striped hyenas are absent from the Mediterranean region, it is likely that the species is a relatively late invader to Eurasia, having likely spread outside Africa only after the extinction of spotted hyenas in Asia at the end of the Ice Age.

For example, the only pinniped ever known to the Caribbean, the Caribbean monk seal once occurred in Jamaican waters and has now been driven to total extinction.

By contrast, a previous study in 2008 had found only 38 percent of lemur species were at risk of extinction.

It is also the only known mass extinction of insects.

The scientists speculate that this impact may have caused the Permian – Triassic extinction event, although its age is bracketed only between 100 million and 500 million years ago.

It is the only known mass extinction of insects.

Although there are only a handful of Quaternary supervolcanoes, supervolcanic eruptions typically cover huge areas with lava and volcanic ash and cause a long-lasting change to weather ( such as the triggering of a small ice age ) sufficient to threaten species with extinction.

* December 9 – The eradication of the smallpox virus is certified, making smallpox the first and to date only human disease driven to extinction.

More pessimistic predictions argue that a full-scale nuclear war could potentially bring about the extinction of the human race, or at least its near extinction, with only a relatively small number of survivors ( mainly in remote areas ) and a reduced quality of life and life expectancy for centuries afterward.

Advances in technology now made the indigenous man and his simpler way of life appear, not only inferior, but also, even his defenders agreed, foredoomed by the inexorable advance of progress to inevitable extinction.

The only reason they do not murder themselves to extinction is by the will of Lolth, working primarily through her clergy.

Her father was the only surviving male member of the House of Habsburg and hoped for a son who would prevent the extinction of his dynasty and succeed him.

Along with the brown bear, it is one of only two of the eight modern bear species not considered globally threatened with extinction by the IUCN.

Between their medieval extinction and the 1980s, when wild boar farming began, only a handful of captive wild boar, imported from the continent, were present in Britain.

Though Dattero di mare ( Lithophaga lithophaga ) was once eaten, overfishing drove it to the verge of extinction ( it takes 15 to 35 years to reach adult size and could only be harvested by smashing the calcarean rocks that form its habitat ) and the Italian government has declared it an endangered species since 1998 and its harvest and sale are forbidden.

In many cases, the predators are not only apex predators, but are also endangered species themselves as they have lower population sizes than prey species and are much more vulnerable to extinction because of their population size, competition with other predators, and the fluctuations in prey populations.

If a predator hunts its prey species to numbers too low to sustain the population in the short term, they can cause not only the extinction or extirpation of the prey, but also the extinction of their own species, a phenomenon known as coextinction.