Lincoln responded by calling for a volunteer army from each state to recapture federal property, which led to declarations of secession by four more slave states.

When Democratic-Republicans in some states refused to enforce federal laws, and even threatened to rebel, Federalists threatened to send the army to force them to capitulate.

Violence increasingly escalated, breaking out during the July Revolt of 1927 and finally the Austrian Civil War, when the Schutzbund was defeated by the Heimwehr, police, and federal army.

With the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and Article 1 Section 8 of the United States Constitution, control of the army and the power to direct the militia of the states was concurrently delegated to the federal Congress.

The cantonal armies were converted into the federal army ( Bundesheer ) with the constitution of 1848.

Paragraph 18 declared the " obligation " of every Swiss citizen to serve in the federal army if conscripted ( Wehrpflicht ), setting its size at 3 % of the population plus a reserve of one and one half that number, amounting to a total force of some 80, 000.

Paragraph 19 of the revised constitution of 1874 extended the definition of the federal army to every able-bodied male citizen, swelling the size of the army ( at least in theory ) from under 150, 000 to more than 700, 000, with population growth during the 20th century rising further to some 1. 5 million, the second largest armed force per capita after the Israeli Defence Forces.

He obtained the repeal of some federal taxes in his bid to rely more on customs revenue, and dismantled much of the army and navy that he had inherited from Washington and Adams.

* March 13 – American Civil War: The U. S. federal government forbids all Union army officers from returning fugitive slaves, thus effectively annulling the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 and setting the stage for the Emancipation Proclamation.

* November 3 – 29 – Sonderbund War, a civil war in Switzerland in which General Guillaume-Henri Dufour's federal army defeats the Sonderbund ( an alliance of seven Catholic cantons ) with a total of only 86 deaths.

Schmidt used all means at his disposal to alleviate the situation, even when that meant overstepping his legal authority, including federal police and army units ( ignoring the German constitution's prohibition on using the army for " internal affairs "; a clause excluding disasters was not added until 1968 ).

In September 1968, the federal army planned what Gowon described as the " final offensive ".

Zurich initiated a siege on Zug with the federal army in June 1352.

When Fort Sumter was forced to surrender at the beginning of the American Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln offered Lee command of the federal army.

As the opposition of the federal army and police detachments slowly dissipated, the army would be able to eventually gain powerful control over key locations in the Interoceanic Railway from Puebla City to Cuautla.

After the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, government officials convinced the army to take control of Camp Peay and turn it into a federal induction center, renamed Camp Forrest.

A militia raised as a private army defeated a Shaysite ( rebel ) attempt to seize the federal Springfield Armory in late January 1787, killing four and wounding 20.

Large parts of both countries were not included in the Confederation, because they had not been part of the former Holy Roman Empire, nor had the greater parts of their armed forces been incorporated in the federal army.

After Madero defeated the weak federal army, on May 21, 1911 he signed the Treaty of Ciudad Juárez with Diaz.

Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia ( 1648 ) until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848.

Violence included the deaths of a number of people including Indymedia journalist Bradley Roland Will on October 27, 2006 and Roberto López Hernández and Jorge Alberto Beltrán on October 29, 2006 when over 10, 000 federal police and army intervened.

The present issue in Atlantica -- whether to transform an alliance of sovereign nations into a federal union of sovereign citizens -- resembles the American one of 1787-89 rather than the one that was resolved by Civil War.

This right of the State, its upholders contended, was essential to maintain the federal balance and protect the liberty of the people from the danger of centralizing power in the Union government.

Though his election was interpreted by many Southerners as the forerunner of a dangerous shift in the federal balance in favor of the Union, Lincoln himself proposed no such change in the rights the Constitution gave the states.

The first of which to find important place in our federal government was the graduated income tax under Wilson.

In 1913 an abortive provision was made for the stay of federal injunction proceedings upon institution of state court test cases.

Its enforcement was enjoined by a federal trial court.

To avoid these constitutional difficulties, Mr. Justice Frankfurter was prepared to read the Taft-Hartley provision as concerned with diversity, rather than federal question, jurisdiction.

Here, as in the Byrd case, another element of state procedure was subsumed to federal judge-made law.

During the Brown trial, however, the state's most powerful Democratic newspaper, the Providence Daily Post, stated that Brown was a murderer, a man of blood, and that he and his associates, with the assistance of Republicans and Abolitionists, had plotted not only the liberation of the slaves but also the overthrow of state and federal governments.

The first superhighways -- New York's Henry Hudson and Chicago's Lake Shore, San Francisco's Bay Bridge and its approaches, a good slice of the Pennsylvania Turnpike -- were built as part of the federal works program which was going to cure the depression.

State and federal legislation against racial discrimination in employment was called for yesterday in a report of a `` blue ribbon '' citizens committee on the aid to dependent children program.

The charge that the federal indictment of three Chicago narcotics detail detectives `` is the product of rumor, combined with malice, and individual enmity '' on the part of the federal narcotics unit here was made yesterday in their conspiracy trial before Judge Joseph Sam Perry in federal District court.

Her husband, who was sentenced to 15 years in the federal prison at McNeil Island last April for robbery of the Hillsdale branch of Multnomah Bank, also was charged with the store holdup.

A check for $4,177.37 representing the last payment of a $50,000 federal grant to Rhode Island Hospital was presented to the hospital administrator, Oliver G. Pratt, yesterday by Governor Notte.

Curtis Allen Huff, 41, of 1630 Lake Av., Wilmette, was arrested yesterday on a suppressed federal warrant charging him with embezzling an undetermined amount of money from the First Federal Savings and Loan association, 1 S. Dearborn St., where he formerly was employed as an attorney.

As the war drew to a close, Lincoln's presidential Reconstruction for the South was in flux ; having believed the federal government had limited responsibility to the millions of freedmen.

The Pacific Railway Acts of 1862 and 1864 granted federal support for the construction of the United States ' First Transcontinental Railroad, which was completed in 1869.

The NAE felt that the regulation of the internal employment of churches was "... an improper intrusion the federal government ".

It was renamed in honor of Lyndon Johnson by federal law, soon after his death in 1973.

The ALP was founded as a federal party prior to the first sitting of the Australian Parliament in 1901, but is descended from Labour parties founded in the various Australian colonies by the emerging labour movement in Australia, formally beginning in 1891.

Labor was the first party in Australia to win a majority in either house of the Australian Parliament, at the 1910 federal election.