The ALP was founded as a federal party prior to the first sitting of the Australian Parliament in 1901, but is descended from Labour parties founded in the various Australian colonies by the emerging labour movement in Australia, formally beginning in 1891.

With the exception of the first term, it has been held by the Labour Party, and for seven years was held by Ramsay MacDonald, the Prime Minister in 1924 and from 1929 to 1935.

The Labour Party benefited the most from this huge change in the British electorate, forming its first minority government in 1924.

On 6 May 1997, following the 1997 general election which brought a Labour government to power for the first time since 1979, it was announced by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Gordon Brown, that the Bank of England would be granted operational independence over monetary policy.

He was also the first person to hold the office of Deputy Prime Minister, under Winston Churchill in the wartime coalition government, before leading the Labour Party to a landslide election victory over Churchill's Conservative Party in 1945.

He was the first Labour Prime Minister to serve a full Parliamentary term, and the first to command a Labour majority in Parliament.

His first taste of ministerial office came in 1924, when he served as Under-Secretary of State for War in the short-lived first Labour government, led by MacDonald.

The only exception to these traditional alliances was the first Government of the 27th Dáil, comprising Fianna Fáil and the Labour Party, which ruled between 1993 and 1994.

The 2010 general election resulted in a hung parliament ( Britain's first for 36 years ), following which the Conservatives ( led by David Cameron ), which had won the largest number of seats, formed a coalition with the Liberal Democrats in order to gain a parliamentary majority, ending 13 years of Labour government.

It was also the first full coalition in Britain since 1945, having been formed 70 years virtually to the day after the establishment of Winston Churchill's wartime coalition, although there had been the " Lib-Lab pact ", an agreement stopping short of a full coalition between the Labour and Liberal parties, from March 1977 until July 1978, when a series of by-election defeats had eroded Labour's majority of three seats which had been gained at the October 1974 election.

It formed its first government under parliamentarism in 1889, and continued to alternate in power with the Liberals until the 1930s, when Labour became the dominant political party.

Election defeats under, first, Michael Foot, then Neil Kinnock, led Labour to abandon the policy in the late 1980s.

He led the Scottish Labour Party into the first ever Scottish parliamentary election in 1999, and was elected both as an MSP and as First Minister of Scotland at the head of a Labour-Liberal Democrat coalition.

He first entered the House of Commons in the general election of 1966, as the Labour MP for Aberdeen South, at the age of 28.

The first elections to the Scottish Parliament were held on 6 May 1999, with Dewar leading the Scottish Labour Party against their main opponents, the SNP under Alex Salmond.

However, in the UK, the eurosceptic United Kingdom Independence Party achieved second place in the elections, finishing ahead of the governing Labour Party, and the British National Party ( BNP ) won its first ever two MEPs.

The Fascist regime first created a Ministry of Corporations that organized the Italian economy into 22 sectoral corporations, banned workers ' strikes and lock-outs, and in 1927 created the Charter of Labour, which established workers ' rights and duties and created labour tribunals to arbitrate employer-employee disputes.

A forged document, the Zinoviev Letter brought about the downfall of the first Labour Government in Britain.

On 10 October 1951 Grenada held its first general elections on the basis of universal adult suffrage-United Labour won 6 of the 8 elected seats on the Legislative Council in both the 1951 and 1954 elections.

The growing importance of the working classes was marked by Keir Hardie's success in the Mid Lanarkshire by-election, 1888, leading to the foundation of the Scottish Labour Party, which was absorbed into the Independent Labour Party in 1895, with Hardie as its first leader.

It returns one Member of Parliament ( MP ) by the first past the post system.

It elects one Member of Parliament ( MP ) by the first past the post system of election, and is part of the South West England constituency of the European Parliament which elects six MEPs using the d ' Hondt method of party-list proportional representation.

* 1918 – Constance Markievicz while detained in Holloway prison, became the first woman to be elected MP to the British House of Commons.

On becoming an MP for the first time, his father said " Remember Neil, MP stands not just for Member of Parliament, but also for Man of Principle ".

The first sets SP to MP + i, the second sets EP to SP + j.

He was not the first writer to criticise the system, with John Locke writing a formal memorandum to the MP Edward Clarke in 1693 while the Licensing Act was being renewed, complaining that the existing system restricted the free exchange of ideas and education while providing an unfair monopoly for Company members.

His father's first cousin, Sir Richard Pepys, was elected MP for Sudbury in 1640, and appointed Baron of the Exchequer on 30 May 1654, and Lord Chief Justice of Ireland, on 25 September 1655.

The SNP first won a parliamentary seat at the Motherwell by-election in 1945, but Dr Robert McIntyre MP lost the seat at the general election three months later.

Prominent politicians of the Sikh Diaspora include the first Asian American to be elected as a Member of United States Congress Dalip Singh Saund, the current UK Parliamentary Under Secretary of State Parmjit Dhanda MP and the first couple to ever sit together in any parliament in the history of Commonwealth countries Gurmant Grewal and Nina Grewal, who sought apology by the Canadian Government for the historical Komagata Maru incident, and the Canadian Shadow Social Development Minister Ruby Dhalla MP.

* December 28 – Constance Markievicz, while detained in Holloway prison, becomes the first woman to be elected MP to the British House of Commons.

** Gwynfor Evans becomes member of Parliament for Carmarthen, the first Plaid Cymru MP in the UK.

In 1983, he was elected president of Sinn Féin and became the first Sinn Féin MP elected to the British House of Commons since Phil Clarke and Tom Mitchell in the mid-1950s.

He refused to join the Orange Institution, the first Ulster Unionist MP at Westminster never to be a member ( and, to date, only one of three, the others being Ken Maginnis and Sylvia Hermon ), and he was an outspoken opponent of the more extremist Unionism espoused by the Reverend Ian Paisley and his supporters.

He held his seat at the 2005 election, the first independent MP to do so since 1949.

He also changed constituency twice: first picking up another constituency, Chippenham, then becoming MP for Oxford University in 1817.

Interestingly, this was a continuation of his own father's work as an MP, as the elder Robert Peel was most noted for reform of working conditions during the first part of the 19th century.

Although Ms. May was the first elected Member of Parliament, the first seat was gained in the Canadian House of Commons on August 30, 2008 when sitting Independent MP Blair Wilson joined the party.

The constituency has returned a Conservative MP at most recent elections ; the current member is David Davies, first elected in 2005.

Various organisations, including the Independent Labour Party, joined to make the British Labour Party in 1906, with Keir Hardie as its first chairman.

An article by Keir Lieber and Daryl Press stated that the United States could carry out a nuclear first strike on Russia and would " have a good chance of destroying every Russian bomber base, submarine, and ICBM.

He was born at Keir, near Dalswinton, Dumfriesshire, and first worked as a stonemason's apprentice.

James Keir Hardie, Sr. ( 15 August 185626 September 1915 ), was a Scottish socialist and labour leader, and was the first Independent Labour Member of Parliament elected to the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

It proved to be the foundation conference of the Independent Labour Party and MP Keir Hardie was elected its first chairman.

He first became a script writer for the series in 1967, following in the footsteps of Edward J. Mason, Geoffrey Webb, David Turner and John Keir Cross.

Keir had become friends with Matthew Boulton, and in the autumn of 1768 he first met James Watt at Boulton's house.

Keir published the first part of his " Dictionary of Chemistry " in 1789.

I have always been a Tory Democrat ... You remember that from the first the Clarion crowd and the Hardie crowd were out of harmony ... I loathe the “ top-hatted, frock-coated magnolia-scented ” snobocracy as much as you do ; but I cannot away with the Keir Hardies and Arthur Hendersons and Ramsay MacDonalds and Bernard Shaws and Maxtons.

John Roebuck's 1746 invention of the lead chamber process first enabled the large-scale manufacture of sulphuric acid, while James Keir pioneered the manufacture of alkali at his plant in Tipton ; between them these two developments marked the birth of the modern chemical industry.

At first, the group campaigned for universal suffrage and agitated among parliamentarians, with the assistance of Keir Hardie.

The Scottish Labour Party ( SLP ), also known as the Scottish Parliamentary Labour Party, was formed by Robert Bontine Cunninghame Graham, the first socialist MP in the parliament of the United Kingdom, who later went on to become the first president of the Scottish National Party, and Keir Hardie, who later became the first leader of the Labour Party ( UK ).

The UK parliament's first Labour Party MP, Keir Hardie was elected from the area and the Valleys remain a stronghold of Labour Party power.