* 1939 – The Grapes of Wrath, by American author John Steinbeck is first published by the Viking Press.

In 1945 Wollheim edited the first hardcover anthology from a major publisher and the first omnibus, The Viking Portable Novels of Science.

It was first mentioned as " Ilfing " in The Voyages of Ohthere and Wulfstan which was written in Anglo-Saxon in King Alfred's reign using information from a Viking who had visited the area.

The first navy of the Caliph of Córdoba or Emir was built after the humiliating Viking ascent of the Guadalquivir in 844 when they sacked Seville.

The first recorded Viking attack in Britain was in 793 at Lindisfarne monastery as given by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.

Records do show the first Viking attack on Iona taking place in 794.

During this same 10th century and in the first years of the 11th century Viking riders tried to assault it — Galicia is known in the Nordic sagas as Jackobsland or Gallizaland — and bishop Sisenand II, who was killed in battle against them in 968, ordered the construction of a walled fortress to protect the sacred place.

) Defensive end Jim Marshall sacked Dawson for an 8-yard loss by on the first play of the drive ; however, a 13-yard run by running back Wendell Hayes and a 10-yard reception by Taylor gave the Chiefs a first down at the Viking four yard line.

In 845, Tours repulsed the first attack of the Viking chief Hasting ( Haesten ).

During the first 40 years, the raids were conducted by small, mobile Viking groups.

The first Viking raids began between 790 and 800 along the coasts of western France.

In the Viking colony of Iceland, an extraordinary vernacular literature blossomed in the twelfth to 14th centuries, and many traditions connected with the Viking Age were written down for the first time in the Icelandic sagas.

In the 300 years from the late 8th century, when contemporary chroniclers first commented on the appearance of Viking raiders, to the end of the 11th century, Scandinavia underwent profound cultural changes.

Less common, though equally relevant, are the Viking chronicles that originated in the east, including the Nestor chronicles, Novgorod chronicles, Ibn Fadlan chronicles, Ibn Rusta chronicles, and many brief mentions by the Fosio bishop from the first big attack on the Byzantine Empire.

Early modern publications, dealing with what we now call Viking culture, appeared in the 16th century, e. g. Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus ( Olaus Magnus, 1555 ), and the first edition of the 13th century Gesta Danorum of Saxo Grammaticus in 1514.

The word " viking " was first popularised at the beginning of the 19th century by Erik Gustaf Geijer in his poem, The Viking.

In 826 he became the first Scandinavian ruler to accept baptism, but he was unable to maintain his authority in Jutland and was possibly the first Viking to be granted Frankish land in exchange for protection.

William was a Norman French-speaking fifth-generation descendant of the Viking war-leader Rollo, the first Scandinavian ruler of Normandy ; but Norman historians since Dudo of St. Quentin still celebrated the old Norse heritage of the ducal dynasty.

* Grímur Kamban, a Norwegian or Norwegian / Irish Viking who around 825 was, according to the Færeyinga Saga, the first Nordic settler in the Faeroes.

* September 3 – Viking program: The Viking 2 spacecraft lands at Utopia Planitia on Mars, taking the first close-up color photos of the planet's surface.

* 1849 – The first air raid in history.

* 1943 – World War II: The Royal Air Force begins Operation Hydra, the first air raid of the Operation Crossbow strategic bombing campaign against Germany's V-weapon program.

To the infantryman, there may be little to distinguish between combat as part of a minor raid or as a major offensive, nor is it likely that he anticipates the future course of the battle ; few of the British infantry who went over the top on the first day on the Somme, July 1, 1916, would have anticipated that they would be fighting the same battle in five months ' time.

Remains of the Darwin Post Office after the first Japanese raid in 1942

His first raid was late in July 1572.

* 1927 – Augusto César Sandino leads a raid on U. S. Marines and Nicaraguan Guardia Nacional that had been sent to apprehend him in the village of Ocotal, but is repulsed by one of the first dive-bombing attacks in history.

* 1944 – World War II: Bombing of Tokyo – The first bombing raid against the Japanese capital from the east and by land is carried out by 88 American aircraft.

In the first phase, the Archidamian War, Sparta launched repeated invasions of Attica, while Athens took advantage of its naval supremacy to raid the coast of the Peloponnese attempting to suppress signs of unrest in its empire.

While there are few records, the Vikings are thought to have led their first raids in Scotland on the holy island of Iona in 794, the year following the raid on the other holy island of Lindisfarne, Northumbria.

Polisario made the weak Mauritanian army its main target, and after a bold raid on the Mauritanian capital Nouakchott ( where a gunshot killed El-Ouali, the first president of the SADR ), Mauritania succumbed to internal unrest.

While studies, sketches, and improvisations exist ( particularly of Composition II ), a Nazi raid on the Bauhaus in the 1930s resulted in the confiscation of Kandinsky's first three Compositions.

* June 13 – WWI: The first major German bombing raid on London leaves 162 dead and 432 injured.

** WWII: USAAF bombers make their first raid on Italy.

* January 27 – WWII: 50 bombers mount the first all American air raid against Germany ( Wilhelmshaven is the target ).

* 793: The first written account of a Viking raid carried out on the abbey of Lindisfarne in northern England.

* July 24 – Vietnam War: Four F-4C Phantoms escorting a bombing raid at Kang Chi are targeted by antiaircraft missiles, in the first such attack against American planes in the war.

* The Vikings first raid Dorestad ( present-day Netherlands ).

American author Kurt Vonnegut's novel Slaughterhouse-Five is based on his first hand experience of the raid as a POW.

A chance encounter with a street prostitute ( Erin O ' Brien-Moore ) hiding from a police raid leads to his first bestseller, Nana, an exposé of the steamy underside of Parisian life.

The first camp essentially agrees with Gibbon, and the other argues that the Battle has been massively overstated — turned from a raid in force to an invasion, and from a mere annoyance to the Caliph to a shattering defeat that helped end the Islamic Expansion Era.

The first German raid on London, on 7 September 1940, killed about one thousand civilians, mostly in the East End.

The first drawing of Brighthelmstone was made in 1545 and depicts what is believed to be the raid of 1514.

Britain's first airborne assault took place on February 10, 1941 when, what was then known as II Special Air Service ( some 37 men of 500 trained in No. 2 Commando plus three Italian interpreters ), parachuted into Italy to blow up an aqueduct in a daring raid named Operation Colossus.

Britain ’ s first airborne assault took place on February 10, 1941, when ' X ' Troop, No 11 Special Air Service Battalion ( which was formed from No 2 Commando and subsequently became 1st Battalion, The Parachute Regiment ) dropped into southern Italy from converted Whitley bombers flying from Malta and demolished a span of the aqueduct near Tragino in a daring night raid named Operation Colossus.

The first raid backfires because the team is unaware that the temple they plan to rob has been built of laser-reflecting crystal, which turns their beams back on themselves.