An early pioneer of radio astronomy was Grote Reber, an amateur astronomer who constructed the first purpose built radio telescope in the late 1930s to follow up on the discovery of radio wavelength emissions from space by Karl Jansky.

Alumni was the most successful team in the amateur era of Argentine football, winning 10 of the 14 league championships contested, being considered the first great football team.

After what the MCC saw as the problems of the earlier professional and amateur series they decided to take control of organising tours themselves, and this led to the first MCC tour of Australia in 1903 – 04.

W7ASU is an amateur radio station that was first organized in 1935.

In its 12-year history as an amateur league, the Brooklyn Atlantics won seven championships, establishing themselves as the first true dynasty in the sport, although, the New York Mutuals were widely considered to be one of the best teams of the era as well.

The first climber to actually make bouldering his primary specialty ( in the mid 1950s ) and to advocate its acceptance as a legitimate sport not restricted to a particular area was John Gill, a mathematician and amateur gymnast who found the challenge and movement of bouldering enjoyable.

In 1992 they sponsored the British Steel Challenge, the first of a series of ' wrong way ' races for amateur crews.

He removed the club's Chelsea pensioner crest, improved the youth set-up and training regime, rebuilt the side with shrewd signings from the lower divisions and amateur leagues, and led Chelsea to their first major trophy success – the League championship – in 1954 – 55.

" He held an amateur rider's licence and rode in his first race at Newbury for trainer Toby Balding.

In this context the term " professional " ( used for the first category ) as opposed to " amateur " ( used for the second and third ) refers only to the professionalism of the used medium, and not to the professionalism of the language itself or its creator.

In the book The Wild Frontier: Atrocities during the American-Indian War from Jamestown Colony to Wounded Knee, amateur historian William M. Osborn sought to tally every recorded atrocity in the area that would eventually become the continental United States, from first contact ( 1511 ) to the closing of the frontier ( 1890 ), and determined that 7, 193 people died from atrocities perpetrated by whites, and 9, 156 people died from atrocities perpetrated by Native Americans.

It was named after the amateur radio callsign of Phil Karn, who first wrote the software for a CP / M system and then ported it to DOS on the IBM PC.

This was the first attempt to establish ' amateur ' microscopy as a serious subject in the then-emerging new media of the Internet.

Hornby Railways produce live steam locomotives in 00, based on designs first arrived at by an amateur modeller.

The paradox is commonly attributed to the German amateur astronomer Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers, who described it in 1823, but Harrison shows convincingly that Olbers was far from the first to pose the problem, nor was his thinking about it particularly valuable.

In addition to the numerous fans who have started or joined punk bands, audience members also become important participants via the scene's many amateur periodicals — in England, according to Laing, punk " was the first musical genre to spawn fanzines in any significant numbers ".

Charles Cros, a French poet and amateur scientist, is the first person known to have made the conceptual leaps from recording sound as a traced line to the theoretical possibility of reproducing the sound from the tracing and then to a definite method for accomplishing the reproduction.

Historically an amateur sport, in 1995 the International Rugby Board ( IRB ) removed restrictions on payments to players, making the game openly professional at the highest level for the first time.

Radio amateur message relay operations were originally conducted using Morse code in the first two decades of the 20th century using spark-gap transmitters.

The first two-way amateur radioteletype QSO of record took place in May 1946 between Dave Winters, W2AUF, Brooklyn, NY and W2BFD, John Evans Williams, Woodside Long Island, NY.

This grass-roots alliance of amateur and professional radio astronomers is headed by executive director emeritus Prof. H. Paul Shuch, the engineer credited with developing the world's first commercial home satellite TV receiver.

The first rally was an amateur competition and it took place in 1974.

It is thought that the first example of a working model tramcar in the UK built by an amateur for fun was in 1929, when Frank E. Wilson created a replica of London County Council Tramways E class car 444 in 1: 16 scale, which he demonstrated at an early Model Engineer Exhibition.

Two rival tours were vying to become the first official test tour, with James Lillywhite campaigning for a professional tour and Fred Grace for an amateur one.

In 1894, the first train on the Achill railway carried the bodies of victims of the Clew Bay Drowning.

* 1870 – Tower Subway, the world's first underground tube railway, opens in London, England, United Kingdom.

Peasant parties first appeared across Eastern Europe between 1860 and 1910, when commercialized agriculture and world market forces disrupted traditional rural society, and the railway and growing literacy facilitated the work of roving organizers.

* 1869 – The Mount Washington Cog Railway opens, making it the world's first rack railway.

Her father's grandfather had fled France during the Revolution, going first to Saint-Domingue, then New Orleans, and finally to Cuba where he helped build that country's first railway.

In Belgium an extensive system of tram-like local railways called vicinal or buurtspoor lines crossed the country in the first half of the 20th century, and had a greater route length than the main-line railway system.

The railway system in Great Britain is the oldest in the world ; the world's first locomotive-hauled public railway opened in 1825.

The first British railway to build coaches with bogies, instead of rigidly mounted axles, was the Midland Railway in 1874.

Basel SBB railway station | Basel Bahnhof SBB, self proclaimed " world's first international train station.

Croatian Railways ' plan to build their first high-speed railway service is progressing.

Cuba built the first railway system in the Spanish empire, before the 1848 start in the Iberian peninsula.

Chicago's first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, opened in 1848, which also marked the opening of the Illinois and Michigan Canal.

The first cable-operated railway, employing a moving rope and iron claws on the cars, was the London and Blackwall Railway, which opened in east London, England, in 1840.

( London's first deep-level tube railway, the City & South London Railway, had earlier also been built for cable haulage but had been converted to electric traction before opening in 1890.

* 1913 – The Buenos Aires Subway, the first underground railway system in the southern hemisphere and in Latin America, begins operation.

This was followed by the formation of St. John Ambulance in 1877, based on the principles of the Knights Hospitaller, to teach first aid, and numerous other organization joined them with the term first aid first coined in 1878 as civilian ambulance services spread as a combination of " first treatment " and " national aid " in large railway centres and mining districts as well as with police forces.

Outside the scope of media, railway enthusiasts are another early fandom with its roots in the late 19th century that began to gain in popularity and increasingly organize in the first decades of the early 20th century.

After a few months working as an unpaid assistant to his brother-in-law, who managed a foundry, Eiffel approached the railway engineer Charles Nepveu, who gave Eiffel his first paid job as his private secretary.

However, shortly afterwards Nepveu's company went bankrupt, but Nepveu found Eiffel a job with the Compagnie des Chemins de Fer de l ' Ouest, for whom Eiffel produced his first bridge design, a sheet iron bridge for the Saint Germaine railway.