In 1999, the University of Pittsburgh's Center for Biomedical Informatics deployed the first automated bioterrorism detection system, called RODS ( Real-Time Outbreak Disease Surveillance ).

Spectroscopic studies revealed absorption lines in the Jovian spectrum due to diatomic sulfur ( S < sub > 2 </ sub >) and carbon disulfide ( CS < sub > 2 </ sub >), the first detection of either in Jupiter, and only the second detection of S < sub > 2 </ sub > in any astronomical object.

DASI made the first detection of the polarization of the CMB and the CBI provided the first E-mode polarization spectrum with compelling evidence that it is out of phase with the T-mode spectrum.

The first confirmed detection came in 1992, with the discovery of several terrestrial-mass planets orbiting the pulsar PSR B1257 + 12.

The first confirmed detection of an exoplanet orbiting a main-sequence star was made in 1995, when a giant planet was found in a four-day orbit around the nearby star 51 Pegasi.

This discovery was confirmed, and is generally considered to be the first definitive detection of exoplanets.

On 6 October 1995, Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz of the University of Geneva announced the first definitive detection of an exoplanet orbiting a main-sequence star, namely the nearby G-type star 51 Pegasi.

The first historical uses of the Geiger principle were for the detection of alpha and beta particles, and the instrument is still used for this purpose today.

The first detection of tau neutrino interactions was announced in summer of 2000 by the DONUT collaboration at Fermilab, making it the latest particle of the Standard Model to have been directly observed ; its existence had already been inferred by both theoretical consistency and experimental data from the Large Electron – Positron Collider.

In April 2007, astronomers announced that the Swedish-built Odin satellite had made the first detection of clouds of molecular oxygen in space, following observations in the constellation Ophiuchus.

In 1979 Ronald Reagan visited the NORAD command base under Cheyenne Mountain where he was first introduced to the extensive tracking and detection systems extending throughout the world and into space.

This work, for the Anti-Submarine Division of the British Naval Staff, was undertaken in utmost secrecy, and used quartz piezoelectric crystals to produce the world's first practical underwater active sound detection apparatus.

These included sonobuoys, first developed by the British in 1944 under the codename High Tea, dipping / dunking sonar and mine detection sonar.

This is the first such detection of a magnetic field on a spectral class A star that is not an Ap chemically peculiar star.

Pressurized nitrogen in the satellite's false body provided the first opportunity for meteoroid detection.

The use of systematic cyclic codes, which encode messages by adding a fixed-length check value, for the purpose of error detection in communication networks, was first proposed by W. Wesley Peterson during 1961.

In January 2005, astronomers announced the first detection of magnetic fields around the central stars of two planetary nebulae, and hypothesised that the fields might be partly or wholly responsible for their remarkable shapes.

* The first detection of magnetic fields in the central stars of four planetary nebulae

This was likely the first balloon-based detection of X-rays from a discrete cosmic X-ray source.

With the initial detection of an extrasolar X-ray source, the first question usually asked is " What is the source?

The same experiment, known as ICARUS and based on a new technique of electronic detection of ionizing events in ultra-pure liquid argon, is aiming at the direct detection of the neutrinos emitted from the Sun, a first rudimentary neutrino telescope to explore neutrino signals of cosmic nature.

His main interest has been solar physics research, and he was instigator of the first multi-observatory observation of coronal mass ejections, joint leader at the 81. 5 MHz radio array at Cambridge, principal scientists for the first mm observations of the Sun and principal investigator of the Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer on SOHO.

Although Mr. Brown was not himself its inventor ( it was a French idea ), it is typical that his intuition first conceived the importance of mass producing this basic tool for general use.

* 1994 – Canter & Siegel post the first commercial mass Usenet spam.

In 1740, Benjamin Huntsman began melting blister steel in a crucible to even out the carbon content, creating the first process for the mass production of tool steel.

Cysteine is unusual since it has a sulfur atom at the second position in its side-chain, which has a larger atomic mass than the groups attached to the first carbon, which is attached to the α-carbon in the other standard amino acids, thus the ( R ) instead of ( S ).

If we neglect higher than first order terms in the fluctuations, the mass balance equation becomes

Lavoisier's experiments supported the law of conservation of mass, which he was the first to state, although Mikhail Lomonosov ( 1711 – 1765 ) had previously expressed similar ideas in 1748 and proved them in experiments.

After the team had developed a method of purifying penicillin to an effective first stable form in 1940, several clinical trials ensued, and their amazing success inspired the team to develop methods for mass production and mass distribution in 1945.

The first term is just the angular momentum of the center of mass.

The first round of mass privatisation finally began in January 1996, and auctions began toward the end of that year.

* India and Pakistan: India and Pakistan introduced BCG mass immunization in 1948, the first countries outside Europe to do so.

During the first Gulf War the United Nations activated a biological and chemical response team, Task Force Scorpio, to respond to any potential use of weapons of mass destruction on civilians.

In 1881 the Roman Catholic mass was celebrated in Bodmin for the first time since 1539.

The lightest of the chemical elements are hydrogen and helium, both created by Big Bang nucleosynthesis during the first 20 minutes of the universe in a ratio of around 3: 1 by mass ( approximately 12: 1 by number of atoms ).

This was in contradiction to Ernst Haeckel's theory that the complete phylogeny of a species would be repeated during embryonic development, including generation of the first nucleated cell from a " Monerula ", a structureless mass of primordial mucus (" Urschleim ").

The Perkins Brailler, first manufactured in 1951, uses a 6-key chord keyboard ( plus a spacebar ) to produce braille output, and has been very successful as a mass market affordable product.

In this, the Cheka said that they targeted " class enemies " such as the bourgeoisie, and members of the clergy ; the first organized mass repression began against the libertarians and socialists of Petrograd in April 1918.

This method was first tried on a mass scale during the Bangladesh Liberation War, and was found to have much success.

The Santo Domingo Metro is the first mass transit system in the country, and second in the Caribbean & Central American nations after the Tren Urbano in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

* 2010: Mitsubishi developed and started mass production of its 4N13 1. 8 L DOHC I4, the world's first passenger car diesel engine that features a variable valve timing system.

It was first postulated by Jan Oort in 1932 to account for the orbital velocities of stars in the Milky Way and Fritz Zwicky in 1933 to account for evidence of " missing mass " in the orbital velocities of galaxies in clusters.

After Zwicky's initial observations, the first indication that the mass to light ratio was anything other than unity came from measurements made by Horace Babcock.

DAW can claim to be the first mass market specialist science fiction and fantasy fiction publishing house.

It's a tool for mass production of expert systems and was the first operational declarative language, later becoming the best selling AI language in the world.

* 1954 – The first mass inoculation of children against polio with the Salk vaccine begins in Pittsburgh.