Possibly the first hunters, H. erectus mastered the art of making fire and was the first hominid to leave Africa, colonizing most of the Old World and perhaps later giving rise to Homo floresiensis.

Although some recent writers suggest that Homo georgicus was the first and most primitive hominid ever to live outside Africa, many scientists consider H. georgicus to be an early and primitive member of the H. erectus species.

These Michigan graduates include the discoverer of several new australopithecine species, the first paleoanthropologist to debunk the hominid status of Ramapithecus, the leaders in the study of late Pleistocene European evolution, three past or present chairs ( or heads ) of anthropology departments, and the past president of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, and the editor of the American Journal of Physical Anthropology.

The first known hominid settlements in the Nice area date back approximately 400, 000 years ; the Terra Amata archeological site shows one of the earliest uses of fire and construction of houses and flint findings are dated as around 230, 000 years old.

Raymond Arthur Dart ( 4 February 1893 – 22 November 1988 ) was an Australian anatomist and anthropologist, best known for his involvement in the 1924 discovery of the first fossil ever found of Australopithecus africanus, an extinct hominid closely related to humans, at Taung in the North of South Africa in the province Northwest.

In 1924, Dart discovered the first fossil ever found of Australopithecus africanus, an extinct hominid closely related to humans, at Taung in North South Africa, in the province Northwest.

The South African palaeontologist John T. Robinson first discovered a mandible of a new hominid in southern Africa in 1949 ; he named the species Telanthropus capensis, though it is now recognised as a member of Homo ergaster.

According to the BBC series Walking With Cavemen, Homo ergaster was probably the first hominid to use " what we would recognise as a human voice ," though its symbolic cognition was probably somewhat limited compared to modern humans.

Although hominid fossils had been found and studied before, Dubois was the first anthropologist to embark upon a purposeful search for them.

These were the first specimens of early hominid remains to be found outside of Africa or Europe.

* Ham the Chimp, the first hominid launched into outer space

Due to the tools found with the extinct hominid and many of its more gracile anatomical features, it was first classified as a subspecies ( once called Javanthropus ) of Homo sapiens and thought to be the ancestor of modern aboriginal Australians.

Later in 1948 Robert Broom identified the first hominid remains from Swartkrans cave.

In 1991 Lee Berger of the University of the Witwatersrand discovered the first hominid specimens from the Gladysvale site making this the first new early hominid site to be discovered in South Africa in 48 years.

Also in 2001 the first hominid fossils and stone tools were discovered in-situ at Coopers.

H. ergaster is thought to be the first hominid to vocalize, and that as H. heidelbergensis developed more sophisticated culture proceeded from this point and possibly developed an early form of symbolic language.

Appearance of first manuport, Makapansgat pebble with distinctive " staring eyes " markings and facial features deposited by hominid in dolerite cave in Makapansgat South Africa, may date as early as 3, 000, 000 BC.

His basic premise was that cyclical changes in global climate along with the prevailing tendency for mammals to disperse from north to south account for the odd geographic patterns of living mammals, he believed that humans and many other groups of modern mammals first evolved in the northern areas of the globe, especially centra Asia because of the shifting climatic circumstances, Matthew firmly placed hominid origins in central Asia as he claimed that the high plateaux of Tibet was the forcing ground of mammalian evolution.

His first findings were that it was hominid, and later in 1960 he decided that the Pangboche fragments were a closer match with a Neanderthal.

In 1992 – 1993 a research team headed by Tim White discovered the first A. ramidus fossils — seventeen fragments including skull, mandible, teeth and arm bones — from the Afar Depression in the Middle Awash river valley of Ethiopia.

Wicket-keeper Bert Oldfield's skull was fractured by a ball hitting his head ( although the ball had first glanced off the bat and Larwood had an orthodox field ), almost precipitating a riot by the Australian crowd.

When Nicholas Elliott met Philby in late 1962, the first time since Golitsyn's defection, he found Philby too drunk to stand, and with a bandaged head ; he had fallen repeatedly and cracked his skull on a bathroom radiator, requiring stitches.

* 1994 – The journal Nature reports the finding in Ethiopia of the first complete Australopithecus afarensis skull.

The skull and upper finn structures are very similar to those of the first tetrapods, yet the limbs terminated in fins with fin-rays rather than feet with digits.

According to Herodotus, the first step of mummification was to " take a crooked piece of iron, and with it draw out the brain through the nostrils, thus getting rid of a portion, while the skull is cleared of the rest by rinsing with drugs.

While the first Pteranodon wing bones were collected by Marsh and Cope in the early 1870s, the first Pteranodon skull was found on May 2, 1876, along the Smoky Hill River in Wallace County ( now Logan County ), Kansas, USA, by Samuel Wendell Williston, a fossil collector working for Marsh.

The first reptiles had an anapsid type of skull roof, as seen in the Permian genus Captorhinus

During an American Museum of Natural History expedition to the Outer Mongolian Gobi Desert, on 11 August 1923 Peter Kaisen recovered the first Velociraptor fossil known to science: a crushed but complete skull, associated with one of the raptorial second toe claws ( AMNH 6515 ).

* July 17 – The first skull of Australopithecus is discovered by Louis Leakey and his wife Mary Leakey in the Olduvai Gorge of Tanzania.

Their first well-known find was in 1811, when Mary was 12 ; Joseph dug up a 4-foot ichthyosaur skull and a few months later, Mary found the rest of the skeleton.

In 1823 she discovered a second even more complete plesiosaur skeleton ( the first one had been missing the skull ).

They started a psychosurgery program at George Washington University in 1936, first using Moniz's method but then devised a method of their own in which the connections between the prefrontal lobes and deeper structures in the brain were severed by making a sweeping cut through a burr hole on either side of the skull.

The first of these corpses, a female child who had died from a blow to the skull, was discovered in 1995 by Johan Reinhard.

In 1949, C. M. Sternberg was the first to question this and favoured instead that Triceratops was more closely related to Arrhinoceratops and Chasmosaurus based on skull and horn features, making Triceratops a ceratopsine ( chasmosaurine of his usage ) genus.

The first named specimen now attributed to Triceratops is a pair of brow horns attached to a skull roof, found near Denver, Colorado in the spring of 1887.

* 1912 February: Dawson contacts Woodward about first skull fragments.

June saw several releases by the band, the first being The Soft Bulletin: Live la Fantastique de Institution 2011, a live-in-studio recording of the band's 1999 album " The Soft Bulletin " which was on a flashdrive embedded in a marijuana-flavored brain inside a strawberry flavored gummy skull.

The sculptor Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins erected the first lifesized models of the ( then ) newly-discovered dinosaurs and other extinct animals in the park, following the gift of a megatherium skull by Charles Darwin.

Upon completion, Hitler gave Schmidt a unique uniform with a grotesque red skull mask, and he emerged as the Red Skull ( in literal German: Roter Totenkopf or Roter ( Toten -) Schädel ) for the first time.

The Misfits ' skull logo first appeared on the " Horror Business " single, based on a poster for The Crimson Ghost.

* Lillian Heath ( 1865 – 1962 ), the first female doctor in Wyoming, she was given the cap of Big Nose George's skull at his autopsy.