Thus, when the Russians sent up their first sputnik, American chagrin was human enough, and American determination to put American satellites into orbit was perfectly understandable.

* 1991 – A rare tropical storm develops in the South Atlantic Ocean near Angola ; the first to be documented by satellites.

Deployment of spacecraft and satellites using photovoltaics might be seen as the first small steps towards building a Dyson swarm ( see below for differences between these sub-types ).

The first digital fax machine was the Dacom Rapidfax first sold in late 1960s, which incorporated digital data compression technology developed by Lockheed for transmission of images from satellites.

The first commercial use of fuel cells was in NASA space programs to generate power for probes, satellites and space capsules.

Singer was one of the first scientists to urge the launching of earth satellites for scientific observation during the 1950s.

He designed the first instruments used in satellites to measure cosmic radiation and ozone, and in 1951 or 1952 designed the MOUSE (" Minimal Orbital Unmanned Satellite, Earth "), a proposed satellite that would contain Geiger counters for measuring cosmic rays, photo cells for scanning the Earth, telemetry electronics for sending data back to Earth, a magnetic data storage device, and rudimentary solar energy cells.

The Baltimore News Post reported in 1957 that had Singer's arguments about the need for satellites been heeded, the U. S. could have beaten Russia by launching the first earth satellite.

In 1962, on leave from the university, Singer was named as the first director of meteorological satellite services for the National Weather Satellite Center, now part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and directed a program for using satellites to forecast the weather.

The Navy Research Laboratory continued advancements with their Timation ( Time Navigation ) satellites, first launched in 1967, and with the third one in 1974 carrying the first atomic clock into orbit.

On 21 October 2011 the first two of four operational satellites were launched to validate the system.

The first four operational satellites for navigation were launched in 2011 and once this In-Orbit Validation ( IOV ) phase was has been completed, additional satellites will be launched.

The launch of the first four in-orbit validation ( IOV ) satellites was planned for the 2nd half of 2011, while the launch of full operational capability ( FOC ) satellites is planned to start in late 2012.

The first two Galileo In-Orbit Validation satellites were launched by Soyuz ST-B flown from Guiana Space Centre on October 21, 2011.

The first two satellites were launched on 21 October 2011 from Guiana Space Centre using a Soyuz launcher.

On 7 January 2010, it was announced that the contract to build the first 14 FOC satellites was awarded to

Space probes have been placed into orbit around all the five planets known to the ancients: first Mars ( Mariner 9, 1971 ), then Venus ( Venera 9, 1975 ; but landings on Venus and atmospheric probes were performed even earlier ), Jupiter ( Galileo, 1995 ), Saturn ( Cassini / Huygens, 2004 ), and most recently Mercury ( MESSENGER, March 2011 ), and have returned data about these bodies and their natural satellites.

For instance it is the most common way to transfer satellites into geostationary orbit, after first being " parked " in low earth orbit.

When the first scientific satellites were launched in the first half of 1958 — Explorers 1 and 3 by the US, Sputnik 3 by the Soviet Union — they observed an intense ( and unexpected ) radiation belt around Earth, held by its magnetic field.

He concluded that in the southern species, which are rapidly growing types, females mate at the age of two and a half and bear the first young when they are three.

Norman Spector called, in The Globe and Mail, for Prime Minister Stephen Harper to address the issue of the act's bar on Catholics, saying that Phillips ' marriage to Kelly would be the first time the provisions of the act would bear directly on Canada – Phillips would be barred from acceding to the Canadian throne because he married a Roman Catholic Canadian.

Alan Cameron, however, argues that it should be interpreted as referring to Plato, and that when Proclus writes that " we must bear in mind concerning this whole feat of the Athenians, that it is neither a mere myth nor unadorned history, although some take it as history and others as myth ", he is treating " Crantor's view as mere personal opinion, nothing more ; in fact he first quotes and then dismisses it as representing one of the two unacceptable extremes ".

Additionally, Elihu's first spoken words are a confession of his youthful status, being much younger than the three canonical friends, including a claim to be speaking because he cannot bear to remain silent ; it has been suggested that this interesting statement may have been symbolic of a " younger " ( that is to say, later and interpolating ) writer, who has written Elihu's sermon to respond to what he views as morally and theologically scandalous statements being made within the book of Job, and creating the literary device of Elihu to provide what seemed to be a faith-based response to further refute heresy and provide a counter-argument, a need partially provided by God's ambiguous and unspecific response to Job at the end of the book.

" Ogan saw " media imperialism often described as a process whereby the United States and Western Europe produce most of the media products, make the first profits from domestic sales, and then market the products in Third World countries at costs considerably lower than those the countries would have to bear to produce similar products at home.

However, in the original article on Young from the first edition of the Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock and Roll and a subsequent article in the 1983 Rolling Stone Record Guide, critic Dave Marsh used this album to accuse Young of deliberately manufacturing a self-mythology, arguing that while his highlights could be seen to place him on a level with other artists from his generation like Bob Dylan or The Beatles, the particulars of his catalogue did not bear this out.

The first ships to bear the formal designation " torpedo boat destroyer " ( TBD ) were the Daring class of two ships and Havock class of two ships of the Royal Navy, developed in 1892 under the newly appointed Third Sea Lord Rear Admiral " Jackie " Fisher.

In 1224, he received the stigmata, making him the first recorded person to bear the wounds of Christ's Passion.

* 1802 – The first merchant token to bear the name Gibraltar ( albeit spelt Gibralter ) was issued by Robert Keeling in order to alleviate a shortage of copper.

These first whales to arrive are usually pregnant mothers looking for the protection of the lagoons to bear their calves, along with single females seeking mates.

Artifacts from this prehistoric civilization bear similarities to the Wessex Culture of southern Britain and may indicate that the first Hilversum residents emigrated from that area.

She was launched by Holt's widow Dame Zara at the Todd Shipyards in Los Angeles on 3 May 1969, and was the first American warship to bear the name of a foreign leader.

However, the first English warship to bear the name Resolution was actually the first rate ( built in 1610 and rebuilt in 1641 ), which was renamed Resolution in 1650 following the inauguration of the Commonwealth, and continued to bear that name until 1660, when the name Prince Royal was restored.

It is in a context attributed to the 5th century that the first mention of an image of Mary painted from life appears, though earlier paintings on cave walls bear resemblance to modern icons of Mary.

Although the koala is not a bear, English-speaking settlers from the late 18th century first called it koala bear due to its similarity in appearance to bears.

Mary Magdalene was the first eyewitness of the Risen Christ, and for this reason she was also the first to bear witness to him before the Apostles.

When Trotsky arrived in New York in January 1917, Bukharin was the first to greet him ( as Trotsky's wife recalled, " with a bear hug and immediately began to tell them about a public library which stayed open late at night and which he proposed to show us at once " dragging the tired Trotskys across town " to admire his great discovery ").

* RMS Republic of 1903, the second White Star liner to bear the name, and the first ship ever to signal distress by wireless telegraphy, lost after colliding with the SS Florida

The word `` binomial '' means `` of two names '' or `` of two terms '', and both usages apply in our work: the first to the names of the two outcomes of a binomial trial, and the second to the terms P and Af that represent the probabilities of `` success '' and `` failure ''.

Yes, we know, they're professionals, men paid to play, and they shouldn't care how they're handled, just as long as their names are spelled correctly on the first and fifteenth of each month.

According to Benjamin Thorpe " Grimm says the word embla, emla, signifies a busy woman, from amr, ambr, aml, ambl, assiduous labour ; the same relation as Meshia and Meshiane, the ancient Persian names of the first man and woman, who were also formed from trees.

Speakers of the Akkadian language seem to have already been present in Mesopotamia at the dawn of the historical period, and soon achieved preeminence with the first Dynasty of Kish and numerous localities to the north of Sumer, where rulers with Akkadian names had already established themselves by the 3rd millennium BC.

Sometimes, Roman numerals are still used for enumeration of lists ( as an alternative to alphabetical enumeration ), for sequential volumes, to differentiate monarchs or family members with the same first names, and ( in lower case ) to number pages in prefatory material in books.

He never used the first two of his given names, preferring to be known as Hermann Kolbe.

* Variable names were limited to two letters ; they could be made longer, but only the first two letters would be used.

The brew, first described academically in the early 1950s by Harvard ethnobotanist Richard Evans Schultes, who found it employed for divinatory and healing purposes by the native peoples of Amazonian Colombia, is known by a number of different names ( see below ).

It is thus the first site where the archaeology confirms the continuity of Mycenaean and Classical Greek religion, which has been inferred from the presence of the names of Classical Greek divinities on Linear B texts from Pylos and Knossos.

After Christians in Ephesus first wrote to their counterparts recommending Apollos to them, he went to Achaia where Paul names him as an apostle ( 1 Cor 4: 6, 9-13 ) Given that Paul only saw himself as an apostle ' untimely born ' ( 1 Cor 15: 8 ) it is certain that Apollos became an apostle in the regular way ( as a witness to the risen Lord and commissioned by Jesus-1 Cor 15: 5-9 ; 1 Cor 9: 1 ).< ref > So the Alexandrian recension ; the text in < sup > 38 </ sup > and Codex Bezae indicate that Apollos went to Corinth.

The names start with a R then a first digit indicating the ( old ) province, and sometimes a second digit to further differentiate in between different ringways.

Bede's first abbot was Benedict Biscop, and the names " Biscop " and " Beda " both appear in a king list of the kings of Lindsey from around 800, further suggesting that Bede came from a noble family.

Most of the brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria ( named after Urania, the Greek Muse of Astronomy, along with Uranus, the Greek god of the sky and heavens ).

* baio-warioz: the first component is most plausibly explained as a Germanic version of Boii ; the second part is a common formational morpheme of Germanic tribal names, meaning ' dwellers ', as in Anglo-Saxon-ware ); this combination " Boii-dwellers " may have meant " those who dwell where the Boii formerly dwelt ".

21-25 ; 39 ) names Job's first wife ( cf.

Because of this incident, authorities found it necessary, in the months following, to implement a policy against announcing victims ’ names until after families had first been informed.

The first column contains the names of those accounts in the ledger which have a non-zero balance.

Other common names for the blue whale have included Sibbald's rorqual ( after Sibbald, who first described the species ), the great blue whale and the great northern rorqual.

Based on a study of the British rock succession, it was the first of the modern ' system ' names to be employed, and reflects the fact that many coal beds were formed globally during this time.

The first of these symbols were intended to be fully universal ; since Latin was the common language of science at that time, they were abbreviations based on the Latin names of metals – Cu comes from Cuprum, Fe comes from Ferrum, Ag from Argentum.

This was actually the formal name of a person, used by older people to address him, and the one he would use the most in the first decades of his life ( as the person grew older, younger generations would have to use one of the courtesy names instead ).

The 1841 Census, conducted by the General Register Office, was the first to record the names of everyone in a household or institution.

The folder and file names are separated by slashes in this example ; the topmost or root folder has no name, and so the path begins with a slash ( if the root folder had a name, it would precede this first slash ).

* Strings that represent personal names will often be listed by alphabetical order of surname, even if the given name comes first.