Other natural features which can be of high interest are the forests, canyons, mountains, deserts, seacoast, beaches, sand dunes, waterfalls, springs, etcetera with which the area is blessed.

There are temperate broadleaf, mixed and coniferous forests.

Pine forests and mixed pine and oak woodlands and shrublands are predominant.

Conifer forests are predominant, chiefly Anatolian black pine ( Pinus nigra ), Cedar of Lebanon ( Cedrus libani ), Taurus fir ( Abies cilicica ), and juniper ( Juniperus foetidissima and J. excelsa ).

Birds of humid Andean forests include mountain-toucans, quetzals and the Andean Cock-of-the-rock, while mixed species flocks dominated by tanagers and Furnariids commonly are seen-in contrast to several vocal but typically cryptic species of wrens, tapaculos and antpittas.

Most of the forests are evergreen, but there are areas of deciduous forest on North Andaman, Middle Andaman, Baratang and parts of South Andaman Island.

The Andaman forests are largely unspoiled, despite logging and the demands of the fast-growing population driven by immigration from the Indian mainland.

Andaman forests contain 200 or more timber producing species of trees, out of which about 30 varieties are considered to be commercial.

Bombax or silk-cotton trees attain gigantic proportions in the forests, which are the home of the India rubber-producing plants and of many valuable kinds of timber trees, such as odum ( Chlorophora excelsa ), ebony, mahogany ( Khaya senegalensis ), Oldfieldia ( Oldfieldia africana ) and camwood ( Baphia nitida ).

The climbing plants in the tropical forests are exceedingly luxuriant and the undergrowth or " bush " is extremely dense.

The only exception is Unterentfelden whose settlements are divided from Aarau by the extensive forests of Gönhard and Zelgli.

Soils of coniferous forests are naturally very acidic due to the shedding of needles, and the results of this phenomenon should not be confused with acid rain.

High altitude forests are especially vulnerable as they are often surrounded by clouds and fog which are more acidic than rain.

Other lowland ecoregions are the Borneo peat swamp forests, the Kerangas or Sundaland heath forests, the Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests, and the Sunda Shelf mangroves.

The islands are part of the Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests ecoregion.

The laurel forest is a type of cloud forest, the cloud forests, are developed preferably about mountains, where the dense moisture from the sea or ocean, is precipitated by the action of the relief.

This laurisilva forests are found in the islands of Macaronesia in the eastern Atlantic, in particular the Azores, Madeira Islands, and western Canary Islands, from 400 m to 1200 m elevation.

The mountains of Dix-Huit Montagnes region, in the west of the country near the border with Guinea and Liberia, are home to the Guinean montane forests.

Unless the forests and peat are harvested before flooding, the rotting vegetation is a source of CO < sub > 2 </ sub > and methane comparable in magnitude to the amount of carbon released by a fossil-fuel powered plant of equivalent power.

In the United States in 2004 ( the most recent year for which EPA statistics are available ), forests sequestered 10. 6 % ( 637 MegaTonnes

* In Finland, the month of Tammikuu means the heart of the winter and because the name also means Oak, it can be inferred that the oak tree is the heart of grand forest with many valuable trees as opposed to the typical Arctic forests which are typically pine and spruce.

Moose typically inhabit boreal and mixed deciduous forests of the Northern Hemisphere in temperate to subarctic climates.

Prescribed fires are typically conducted in the spring and fall in the forests adjacent to the Canyon to reduce the potential for severe forest fires and resulting smoke conditions.

Western Hemlock typically dominate oldgrowth rainforests, but contain sections of Douglas-firs, Redcedar, Alder, and even Redwood forests on their southern extent, near the Oregon and California border, while Sitka spruce increases in frequency with latitude.

They typically live in largely forested areas, but do leave forests in search of food.

These hills help create a mini-ecosystem on the southern edge of the Little Missouri badlands, which has a greater abundance of aspen forests and wildlife than is typically found in southwestern North Dakota.

Forests were typically tied to castles, both to assist with the enforcement of the law and to store the goods being extracted from the local economy: Peveril Castle was linked to the Peak Forest and the local lead mining there ; St Briavels was tied to the Forest of Dean ; and Knaresborough, Rockingham and Pickering to their eponymous forests respectively.

Although widespread across North America, and found in habitats ranging from open desert to moist forests, and up to the alpine zone, they are not typically common within their range.

They have a taller eucalyptus overstory than dry sclerophyll forests, 30 metres or more ( typically Mountain Ash, Alpine Ash, Messmate Stringybark or Manna Gum ), and a soft-leaved, fairly dense understory ( tree ferns are common ).

Species tend to have wider ranges than moist forest species, although in some regions many species do display highly restricted ranges ; most dry forest species are restricted to tropical dry forests, particularly in plants ; beta diversity and alpha diversity high but typically lower than adjacent moist forests.

The main advantage of whistling speech is that it allows the speaker to cover much larger distances ( typically but up to in mountains and less in reverberating forests ) than ordinary speech, without the strain ( and lesser range ) of shouting.

The ecological ramifications of the above scenario are further magnified, because tropical forests are habitats for extremely biologically diverse ecosystems, typically containing large numbers of endemic and endangered species.

The variation between the highest and the lowest is extreme ; ninety species can be found in the tropical lowland evergreen forests while the number of species that can be found in the habitats listed above typically are in the single digits.

In northern areas of its range it occurs from 2, 600 m above sea level or more, in some parts of its range it may not occur below 3, 500 m. In Oaxaca in Mexico it occupies a range of between 1, 700 – 3, 000 m further south in Guatemala it ranges down to 1, 850 m and at the southern end of its range it can be found as low as 1, 000 m in Honduras and in Nicaragua it occupies a belt of forest from 1, 070 and 1, 370 m. They typically inhabit conifer forests, such as ponderosa and sugar pine forests in Arizona, Abies common fir forests, oak, and pine forests in central Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras.

It lived on the island of Rodrigues and typically inhabited forests and dwelt in trees.

Phelsuma klemmeri typically lives in bamboo forests.

They can be found at almost any altitude, but are typically found at high elevations recently due to a paucity of extensive forests remaining in lowlands across much of its range.

The old-growth forests typically occur in the southern portion of the Forest on ridges and steep south-facing slopes and are dominated by Shortleaf Pine and various oaks, including Post Oak, Blackjack Oak, Eastern Black Oak, White Oak, and Northern Red Oak.

Having a more open canopy than rainforests, monsoon forests typically have dense understoreys with numerous lianas and shrubs making movement difficult, while the prop roots and low canopies of mangroves produce similar difficulties.

The Hawfinch typically inhabits deciduous forests during the spring to have offspring, often in trees that bare fruit, such as oak trees.

* Central Anatolian deciduous forests: These forests of deciduous oaks and evergreen pines cover the plateau of central Anatolia.

The ecoregion has forests of Turkish Pine ( Pinus brutia ), oak forests and woodlands, and maquis shrubland of Turkish Pine and evergreen sclerophyllous trees and shrubs, including Olive ( Olea europaea ), Strawberry Tree ( Arbutus unedo ), Arbutus andrachne, Kermes Oak ( Quercus coccifera ), and Bay Laurel ( Laurus nobilis ).

* Boreal forests occupy the subarctic zone and are generally evergreen and coniferous.

* Temperate zones support both broadleaf deciduous forests ( e. g., temperate deciduous forest ) and evergreen coniferous forests ( e. g., temperate coniferous forests and temperate rainforests ).

Warm temperate zones support broadleaf evergreen forests, including laurel forests.

They include such forest types as the mixed deciduous forests of the United States and their counterparts in China and Japan, the broadleaf evergreen rainforests of Japan, Chile and Tasmania, the sclerophyllous forests of Australia, central Chile, the Mediterranean and California, and the southern beech Nothofagus forests of Chile and New Zealand.

There are many different types of tropical moist forests, although most extensive are the lowland evergreen broad leaf rainforests, for example várzea and igapó forests and the terra firma forests of the Amazon Basin ; the peat swamp forests, dipterocarp forests of Southeast Asia ; and the high forests of the Congo Basin.

However, under some conditions, e. g. less fertile soils or less predictable drought regimes, the proportion of evergreen species increases and the forests are characterised as " sclerophyllous ".

# Broadleaf evergreen forest – Natural forests with > 30 % canopy cover, the canopy being > 75 % evergreen and broadleaf.

# Lowland evergreen broadleaf rain forest – Natural forests with > 30 % canopy cover, below altitude that display little or no seasonality, the canopy being > 75 % evergreen broadleaf.