Examples of such problems in electronic design automation ( EDA ) include formal equivalence checking, model checking, formal verification of pipelined microprocessors, automatic test pattern generation, routing of FPGAs, and so on.

Some formal design methods and programming languages emphasize data structures, rather than algorithms, as the key organizing factor in software design.

A design pattern in architecture and computer science is a formal way of documenting a solution to a design problem in a particular field of expertise.

Formalist film theory is a theory of film study that is focused on the formal, or technical, elements of a film: i. e., the lighting, scoring, sound and set design, use of color, shot composition, and editing.

and a design goal of suitability for formal analysis, besides the usual goal of high performance.

Because its input can be described with a formal grammar, it can be used in parser design.

The first formal technology and design effort for a solar sail began in 1976 at Jet Propulsion Laboratory for a proposed mission to rendezvous with Halley's Comet.

For example, formal program specifications are used to state the exact behavior of programs, so that design bugs can be eliminated.

In electronic design automation, until the 1980s schematics were virtually the only formal representation for circuits.

In the early 20th century, Grant Park was expanded with further landfill — much of it from the excavations of the Chicago Tunnel Company — and developed with a very formal landscape design by Edward Bennett.

Garden design can be roughly divided into two groups, formal and naturalistic gardens.

It is the opposite of linear, plastic or formal linear design.

Initial sets of design patterns, styles, best practices, description languages, and formal logic were developed during that time.

In the Baroque period the design approaches developed in French formal gardens such as Versailles were extended into urban development and redevelopment.

In electronics, a hardware description language or HDL is any language from a class of computer languages, specification languages, or modeling languages for formal description and design of electronic circuits, and most commonly, digital logic.

Her design was inspired by her European ventures, especially from the Italian Renaissance gardens, and consisted of a establishing a sophisticated relationship between the architectural and natural environments, with formal terraced gardens stepping a down steep slope and transitioning to a more naturalistic aesthetic approaching the creek.

The design is a subtle blend of the traditional and modern, the layout is formal ; there is an elliptical water feature lined in stone with steps around the edge which may be drained to use the area for receptions, gatherings or exhibition purposes.

Automata play a major role in theory of computation, compiler design, parsing and formal verification.

Unlike most programming languages, which are directly executable formal languages used to implement a system, specification languages are used during systems analysis, requirements analysis and systems design.

The prowess in illustration and calligraphy seeps increasingly into many formal elements in their later films, evident as graphic embellishment in the set decoration, or their particular use of patterns in the puppets ' costume design.

His research interests include programming language design, formal methods, concurrency, cryptography, and access control.

His interest in the formal study of religion waned when he was sixteen and he substituted for it an interest in Asian affairs.

His works contain the earliest known formal study of logic, which was incorporated in the late 19th century into modern formal logic.

With the Prior Analytics, Aristotle is credited with the earliest study of formal logic, and his conception of it was the dominant form of Western logic until 19th century advances in mathematical logic.

amator, " lover ") is generally considered a person attached to a particular pursuit, study, or science, without pay and often without formal training.

The formal study of architecture in academic institutions played a pivotal role in the development of the profession as a whole, serving as a focal point for advances in architectural technology and theory.

Significant amounts of energy and time were devoted to support and foster formal study of the balalaika, from which highly skilled ensemble groups such as the Osipov State Balalaika Orchestra emerged.

It was increasingly recognized as a formal division of theological study during the 20th century.

The study of mathematical proof is particularly important in logic, and has applications to automated theorem proving and formal verification of software.

Hence for both logic and mathematics, the different formal categories are the objects of study, not the sensible objects themselves.

After this formal education, Elizabeth spent the next nine years tending to domestic duties, but with her lively mind, energy and vigour, the prospect of a solely domestic existence would not satisfy her, so she continued to study Latin and arithmetic in the mornings and also read widely.

The mathematical roots of the idea of fractals have been traced through a formal path of published works, starting in the 17th century with notions of recursion, then moving through increasingly rigorous mathematical treatment of the concept to the study of continuous but not differentiable functions in the 19th century, and on to the coining of the word fractal in the 20th century with a subsequent burgeoning of interest in fractals and computer-based modelling in the 21st century.

The formal study of grammar is an important part of education for children from a young age through advanced learning, though the rules taught in schools are not a " grammar " in the sense most linguists use the term, particularly as they are often prescriptive rather than descriptive.

Despite the formal disapproval of religious authority, the segregation of women in Muslim societies and the strong emphasis on male virility leads adolescent males and unmarried young men to seek sexual outlets with boys younger than themselves — in one study in Morocco, with boys in the age-range 7 to 13.

The field includes both the mathematical study of logic and the applications of formal logic to other areas of mathematics.

The unifying themes in mathematical logic include the study of the expressive power of formal systems and the deductive power of formal proof systems.

The mathematical field of category theory uses many formal axiomatic methods, and includes the study of categorical logic, but category theory is not ordinarily considered a subfield of mathematical logic.

Objects of study in model theory are models for formal languages which are structures that give meaning to the sentences of these formal languages.

Natural language is distinguished from constructed languages and formal languages such as computer-programming languages or the " languages " used in the study of formal logic, especially mathematical logic.

A formal academic study of the Patterson film was conducted by Dmitri Donskoy, Chief of the Dept.

Corporations should pay added taxes, to be used for educational purposes ( not necessarily of the formal type ).

The company grew out of efforts by two completely inexperienced men in their late twenties, neither having a formal education applicable to, or experience in, manufacturing or selling our type of articles.

The evolution of the Greek sculpture can be observed in his depictions from the almost static formal Kouros type in early archaic period, to the representation of motion in a relative harmonious whole in late archaic period.

A formal grammar of this type consists of:

In practice, however, it is extremely rare for this type of work to yield a counterexample and such efforts are generally regarded as mere displays of computing power, rather than meaningful contributions to formal mathematics.

The formalism of context-free grammars was developed in the mid-1950s by Noam Chomsky, and also their classification as a special type of formal grammar ( which he called phrase-structure grammars ).

A DTD uses a terse formal syntax that declares precisely which elements and references may appear where in the document of the particular type, and what the elements ’ contents and attributes are.

A procedural programming language without type checking, Forth features both interactive execution of commands ( making it suitable as a shell for systems that lack a more formal operating system ) and the ability to compile sequences of commands for later execution.

In 1993 approximately 15 to 20 percent of the overall formal work force was represented by some type of union, and about 40 percent of urban workers were union members.

Since real political power belongs to the sole legal party, in certain states under Marxist constitutions of the constitutionally socialist state type inspired by the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( USSR ) and its constitutive Soviet republics, there was no formal office of head of state, but rather the leader of the legislative branch was considered to be the closest common equivalent of a head of state as a natural person.

Music lessons are a type of formal instruction in playing a musical instrument or singing.

In general, a formal theorem is a type of well-formed formula that satisfies certain logical and syntactic conditions.

The XSLT 2. 0 Recommendation ( January 2007 ) includes a formal application to register this media type.

An exotic but in some ways more formal type of Rococo appeared in France where Louis XIV's succession brought a change in the court artists and general artistic fashion.

In mathematics, logic, and computer science, type theory is any of several formal systems that can serve as alternatives to naive set theory, or the study of such formalisms in general.

A particularly well known example is the standard WPARAM type, and the accompanying wParam formal parameter in many Windows system function declarations.

There was talk of the formation of a formal organization to study the type of odd events related in his books.

The word " region " is taken from the Latin regio ( derived from regere, to rule ), and a number of countries have borrowed the term as the formal name for a type of subnational entity ( e. g., the región, used in Chile ).

The latter type lacked any formal organization to regulate output or prices, nor did they contain any provisions for forfeiture in the event of an infraction.

This type of agreement may allow a nation to avoid the domestic legal requirements to enter into a formal treaty, or it may be useful when a government wants to enter into a secret agreement that is not binding upon the next administration.

However, when speaking to a European French speaker, a French speaker from Quebec is capable of shifting to a slightly more formal, " international " type of speech by avoiding idioms or slang.

They are called, " tuxedo " cats, because the animal appears to be wearing the type of black tie formal wear commonly known in the United States and Canada as a tuxedo.

In democratic societies the goals and mechanisms of formal social control are determined through legislation by elected representatives and thus enjoy a measure of support from the population and voluntary compliance. Douglas D. Heckathorn notes that the effectiveness of any type of formal control is determined by the relative strength of the sanction in terms of extent of punishment, monitoring ability, and degree of group or informal control on the individual.