Prior to the formation of the OSS ( the American version of the British Secret Intelligence Service and Special Operations Executive ), American intelligence had been conducted on an ad-hoc basis by the various departments of the executive branch, including the State, Treasury, Navy, and War Departments.

* 5th Special Air Service, a Belgian Second World War formation

At the July 1968 games, Shriver announced the formation of Special Olympics.

The next country to adopt an official policy of multiculturalism after Canada was Australia, a country with similar immigration situations and similar policies, for example the formation of the Special Broadcasting Service.

Any rebuilding that was done went into the Republican Guard, and the formation of the Special Republican Guard.

In April 1989, the Anne Arundel County Council approved the formation of the Cape St. Claire Special Community Benefits District.

One of the first reorganizations resulting from both the Department of Defense analysis and the legislation was the formation of the U. S. Special Operations Command in 1987.

The Iraqi CTB oversees the Iraqi Counter Terrorism Command, a formation that includes all Iraqi Special Operations Forces.

In 1964 he spearheaded the formation of the Special Scholarships Committee at UC Berkeley, which resulted in setting up Special Opportunity Scholarships and other outreach programs at Berkeley.

The primary airborne formation in existence by this time was No. 11 Special Air Service Battalion, which numbered approximately 350 officers and other ranks, and had been formed from No. 2 Commando, a Commando unit which had been selected for conversion into an airborne unit.

The formation was based at Bari in Italy, and activated on 7 June 1944, to simplify command arrangements for the air support of Special Operations Executive-operations in the Balkans, i. e. across the Adriatic and in the Aegean and Ionian seas.

Two main factors were behind the formation of the Ulster Special Constabulary.

The formation of the Ulster Special Constabulary was therefore announced on 22 October 1920.

It derived its name from the first Special Service Force, an historic formation of Americans and Canadians which pioneered special forces operations in a brief but immensely successful history during the second world war.

On 1 January 1981, a re-organisation of Special Forces took place, as part of which the Reconnaissance Commandos and other special forces were transformed into an independent formation, directly under the command of the ( then ) South African Defence Force ( instead of the South African Army ).

Along with the 7th Brigade ( a Militia formation ), Royal Australian Air Force planes and ground staff, and a US engineer regiment, they successfully defended an airfield at the eastern tip of Papua from a major assault by Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces.

* Department of Transportation Online Digital Special Collections Library-air investigation reports and various other circulars and orders dating from before the formation of the NTSB in 1967

Ford announced the formation of a Special Vehicle Operations ( SVO ) division headed by Michael Kranefuss in September 1980.

During a Cabinet meeting on 11 May 1920, the Secretary of State for War, Winston Churchill, suggested the formation of a " Special Emergency Gendarmerie, which would become a branch of the Royal Irish Constabulary.

This formation is said to include the 29th Special Forces Division, which was formed in 1993-1994, and the 55th Paratroop Division.

Upon passing selection and a one year basic training, personnel receive the famed red beret and become a Special Operations Force trooper or officer, in addition to being part of the Commando formation.

The entire Navy was deployed in ( West ) Pakistan and instead in East-Pakistan, the Navy relied on deploying Naval Special Service Group and the entire formation of Pakistan Marines ( PM ), initially charged with conducting expeditionary operations.

This Red Army formation was first created on June 22, 1941 from the Special Kiev Military District.

Political scientist Robert Salisbury advanced the term as a critical component of interest group formation in his 1969 article " An Exchange Theory of Interest Groups " in the Midwest Journal of Political Science.

Interest in the new league was high and the formation of three divisions attracted no fewer than 25 clubs, including Corinthians from Cardiff.

They agreed to set up a national body, to propagate the formation of a " National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty ".

There are also groups which are under formation, such as Sections in Formation ( SPE Sections ) or Special Interest Groups ( SPE Divisions.

Interest grew from outside North America, spurring the formation of Big Brothers Big Sisters International to help other countries get started and facilitate communications between countries running similar programs.

So in 1941 the Roosevelt administration authorized the formation of three American Volunteer Groups, of which the 1st AVG was deployed to Burma and China and became famous as the Flying Tigers.

When conflict with the Groupers precipitated a national split in the ALP, leading to the formation of the breakaway Democratic Labor Party ( DLP ), the national organisation of the AWU swung its support behind ALP leader Dr H. V. Evatt and disbanded the Groups.

The First of October Anti-Fascist Resistance Groups () is the armed wing of the Communist Party of Spain ( Reconstituted ) ( PCE-r ), a Spanish clandestine Maoist group aiming for the formation of a Spanish Republican state, based on the model of the People's Republic of China under Mao Zedong.

Before the independence proclamation of 30 June 1941, Bandera oversaw the formation of so-called " Mobile Groups " () which were small ( 5-15 members ) groups of OUN-B members who would travel from General Government to Western Ukraine and after German advance to Eastern Ukraine to encourage support for the OUN-B and establishing the local authorities ruled by OUN-B activists.

Groups of tercios were typically arrayed in dragon-toothed formation ( staggered — the leading edge of one unit level with the trailing edge of the preceding unit ; see similar hedgehog defense concept ).

Attempts to block the formation of ITS were unsuccessful, but ITS were blocked from leading positions on committees, a privilege usually afforded to all Groups.

One section of RM did not agree with the formation of RM, and formed the Communist Working Groups ( KAG ).

This footpath was created by the Hampshire Area of the Ramblers ' Association as a memorial to the late Allan King a former Publicity Officer who was partly responsible for the formation of a number of Groups in Hampshire.

It developed its activity in the factories by forming " Internationalist Communist Factory Groups ", advocating for the formation of workers ' councils.

Related to micelle formation is the technologically important ability of detergent actives to congregate at oil - water interfaces in such a manner that the polar ( or ionized ) end of the molecule is directed towards the aqueous phase and the hydrocarbon chain towards the oily phase.

Little is known of the synthetic mechanisms for formation of thyroglobulin.

A study of their activity on thyroglobulin has shown that thyroxine is not preferentially released and that the degradation proceeds stepwise with the formation of macromolecular intermediates ( Alpers, Petermann and Rall, 1956 ).

This warns the chartist that the formation in progress is quite likely to be a top.

In the first picture ( 9a ) the knife is just beginning to advance into the inclined surface which was left from the previous chip formation.

( Pp. 228-229 ) in any event, it is obvious that the anti-trust laws did not prevent the formation of some of the greatest financial empires the world has ever known, held together by some of the most fantastic ideas, all based on the fundamental notion that a corporation is an individual who can trade and exchange goods without control by the government ''.

Scientists assume that cholesterol ( from the Greek chole, meaning bile, and sterios, meaning solid ) is somehow necessary for the formation of brain cells, since it accounts for about 2% of the brain's total solid weight.

In simultaneous microsporogenesis, there is no wall formation until all four cell nuclei are present.

It is not concerned with the formation of molecules ( although much of the physics is identical ), nor does it examine atoms in a solid state as condensed matter.

In quantum mechanics, where all particle momenta are associated with waves, it is the formation of such a wave packet which localizes the wave, and thus the particle, in space.

Another example is the formation of hypusine in the translation initiation factor EIF5A, through modification of a lysine residue.

Immediately below this formation is the Bearpaw Shale, a marine formation representing a section of the Western Interior Seaway.

In the formation of an ordinary agate, it is probable that waters containing silica in solution — derived, perhaps, from the decomposition of some of the silicates in the lava itself — percolated through the rock and deposited a siliceous coating on the interior of the vapour-vesicles.

Cytochrome c is also released from mitochondria due to formation of a channel, the mitochondrial apoptosis-induced channel ( MAC ), in the outer mitochondrial membrane, and serves a regulatory function as it precedes morphological change associated with apoptosis.

HPV E6 and E7 are inhibitory proteins expressed by the human papillomavirus, HPV is responsible for the formation of the cervical tumor from which HeLa cells are derived.

Reproduction is thought to take place by formation of swarmer cells ( formerly referred to as " spores "), which may be flagellate.

For more complex alkynes, the Lindlar catalyst is widely recommended to avoid formation of the alkane, for example in the conversion of phenylacetylene to styrene.

The universal aqueous acid – base definition of the Arrhenius concept is described as the formation of water from a proton and hydroxide ions, or hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions from the dissociation of an acid and base in aqueous solution:

A standard solution to this problem is found in Zermelo's set theory, which does not allow the unrestricted formation of sets from arbitrary properties.

The movie is also credited as one of the events that inspired the formation of the " second era " Ku Klux Klan at Stone Mountain, Georgia in the same year.

The precise formation mechanism is not known for certain, but the most widely accepted hypothesis suggests that the edge of the Cathedral Formation reef became detached from the rest of the reef, slumping and being transported some distance — perhaps kilometers — away from the reef edge.