Spanish mariner Álvaro de Mendaña reported observing Solomon Islanders chewing the nut and the leaf with caustic lime, and the manner in which the habit stained their mouths red.

In 2003 the International Agency for Research on Cancer ( IARC ) reached the conclusion that there is sufficient evidence that the habit of chewing betel quid, with or without tobacco, is carcinogenic to humans.

* Palm-Nut Problem: Asian chewing habit linked to oral cancer

It was requested of the United Nations by the permanent representative of Peru, and was prepared by a commission that visited Bolivia and Peru briefly in 1949 to “ investigate the effects of chewing the coca leaf and the possibilities of limiting its production and controlling its distribution .” It concluded that the effects of chewing coca leaves were negative, even though chewing coca was defined as a habit, not an addiction.

Traditionally khat is used as a socializing drug, and this is still very much the case in Yemen, where khat chewing is predominantly a male habit.

Bruxism is a habit rather than a reflex chewing activity.

Beaver has a nervous habit of chewing on toothpicks ; as he tries to take one from his pocket, the creature hits the seat, and Beaver spills all the toothpicks on the blood-covered floor.

His second wife was well-born and accomplished, and he was in the habit of chewing his nails to her criticism whatever he wrote.

Named for the habit of the early 20th century farmers who relaxed on the front porch of one of the earliest homesteads, drinking beer, and chewing snuff.

In an extensive scientific research monograph, the World Health Organization expert group for research on cancer reported in 2004 that the percentage of oral cancer among all cancers diagnosed in hospitals in Asia has always been much higher than that usually found in western countries, where the habit of chewing betel quid, with or without tobacco, is virtually unknown.

Oral submucous fibrosis and lichen planus, which are generally accepted to be precancerous conditions, appear to be related to the habit of chewing betel quid, that is paan.

The use of chewing tobacco in baseball steadily increased until the mid-20th century, when cigarettes became popular and took the place of some players ' smokeless tobacco habit.

It was the venue for Independence Day and Republic Day parades and location of choice for staging plays and poetry readings by groups that believed that watching movies ( along with chewing tobacco, imbibing tea, gambling and playing chess or cards ,) was a bad habit.

He learned here about the sea and navigation along with his most notable habit, of chewing tobacco, giving him the nickname " Baccy Ismay ".

The betel leaf chewing is a traditional habit and was a preserve of the older folks.

They get their name from their habit of " cutting " off a seedling at ground level by chewing through the stem.

both of them, but especially Saku have a habit of always chewing gum and getting it stuck on their own and each other's hair.

Its old name “ nut-hack ” derives from its habit of wedging a nut in a crevice in a tree, and then hacking at it with its strong bill.

What is more, the legends have become so sacrosanct that the very habit of self-examination or self-criticism smells of low treason, and men who practice it are defeatists and unpatriotic scoundrels.

Whether or not Danchin is correct in suggesting that Thompson's resumption of the opium habit also dates from this period is, of course, a matter of conjecture.

It's perfectly normal for babies to suck their thumbs, and no mother need worry if a child continues this habit until he is two or three years old.

Udall, who comes from one of the Mormon first-families of Arizona, is a bluff, plain-spoken man with a lust for politics and a habit of landing right in the middle of the fight.

This is the interesting part, Richard '', she had a bothersome habit of trying to pull him into the talking.

After solving a case Poirot has the habit of collecting all people involved into a single room and explaining them the reasoning that led him to the solution, and revealing that the murderer is one of them.

She also has a habit of constantly changing her hairstyle, and in every appearance by her much is made of the clothes and hats she wears.

The abbess also traditionally adds a pectoral cross to the outside of her habit as a symbol of office, though she continues to wear a modified form of her religious habit or dress, as she is unordained-not a male religious-and so does not vest or use choir dress in the liturgy.

This is one of numerous genera with the common name " lily " due to their flower shape and growth habit.

The " false head " effect is further reinforced by the bugs ' habit of walking backwards when it detects movement nearby, so as to misdirect predators to strike at its rear, rather than at its actual head.

In other cases, the speaker is able to select freely from free variant allophones, based on personal habit or preference.

As with those who engage other activities such as singing or running, the term may apply broadly to anyone who engages in it even briefly, or be more narrowly limited to those for whom it is a vocation, habit or characteristic practice.

*" It is well that people busy themselves with the study of the Law and the performance of charitable deeds, even when not entirely disinterested ; for the habit of right-doing will finally make the intention pure " ( Pesahim 50b ).

Michael Giltz of Entertainment Weekly gave the book a " C -", feeling that " only hardcore fans will be satisfied by this tale " and saying that Jeter's " habit of echoing dialogue and scenes from the film is annoying and begs comparisons he would do well to avoid.

" A habit religion, such as that originally practiced by Job, is never enough.

Antiquarian Reynell Johns claimed that until the mid-1850s, Aboriginal people made a " habit of visiting the place annually and retracing the outlines of the figure the bunyip which is about 11 paces long and 4 paces in extreme breadth.

If a government is in the habit of appointing and replacing the governor frequently, it clearly has the capacity to micro-manage the central bank through its choice of governors.

A crystal's habit is its visible external shape.

Kenneth Minogue criticized Pratto's work, saying " It is characteristic of the conservative temperament to value established identities, to praise habit and to respect prejudice, not because it is irrational, but because such things anchor the darting impulses of human beings in solidities of custom which we do not often begin to value until we are already losing them.

Tamias is Greek for " storer ," a reference to the animals ' habit of collecting and storing food for winter use.

While we now see with our own eyes that such operations were a habit which is prevalent among all civilized people of the west "

This speech habit is one explanation of the Etruscan " impossible consonant clusters.

In addition, the hybrids often produce flowers in a fuller circle rather than a " side facing " habit like the " old fashioned " pink.

However, he has a habit of treating his patients in bizarre and often disturbing ways, such as prescribing heroin for a cold, making a man with a headache jump up and down in order to make his penis swing ( while mirroring the patient's bewildered jumping himself ) and making a patient leave and go in to the next room so he can examine him over the telephone.

Don Quixote ’ s tendency to intervene violently in matters which do not concern him, and his habit of not paying his debts, result in many privations, injuries, and humiliations ( with Sancho often getting the worst of it ).

In describing longer time periods, English needs context to maintain the distinction between the habitual (" I called him often in the past "-a habit that has no point of completion ) and perfective (" I called him once "-an action completed ), although the construct " used to " marks both habitual aspect and past tense and can be used if the aspectual distinction otherwise is not clear.

Even Julian's intellectual friends and fellow pagans were of a divided mind about this habit of talking to his subjects on an equal footing: Ammianus Marcellinus saw in that only the foolish vanity of someone " excessively anxious for empty distinction ", whose " desire for popularity often led him to converse with unworthy persons ".

A Danish town in England often had, as it principal officers, twelve hereditary ‘ law men .’ The Danes introduced the habit of making committees among the free men in court, which perhaps made England favorable ground for the future growth of the jury system out of a Frankish custom later introduced by the Normans .”

The term has often been applied to documentary filmmaker Michael Moore over the years by both critics on the left and right due to his habit of traveling around New York City in a limousine.

Although Pius V is often credited with the origin of the Pope's white garments — supposedly because after his election Pius continued to wear his white Dominican habit — this claim must be regarded as legendary on account of the great number of contemporary portraits of earlier popes wearing the same white cassock he supposedly inaugurated.

These crystals are typically sphenoid in habit and are often twinned.

* As mentioned above, a commonly cited explanation is that an item, be it bread or a flat card, etc., would often be placed on top of a drink to protect it from fruit flies ; at some point it became a habit to top this " cover " with a snack.

" Wombats were often called badgers by early settlers because of their size and habit.

Garnets are most often found in the dodecahedral crystal habit, but are also commonly found in the trapezohedron habit.

A rosary hanging from the belt often forms part of the Carthusian habit.

The " mallet " is a small to medium-sized tree that does not produce lignotubers and has a relatively long trunk, a steeply branching habit and often a conspicuously dense terminal crown.

When tensions hit a high point on the set, Lombard had a habit of inserting four letter words into her dialogue, often to the great amusement of the cast.

This fact rests on the authority of Cato himself, who, like Cicero, often indulged in the habit, offensive to modern taste, of sounding his own praises.

Due to their habit of often exploding due to shrinkage of the tight skin during cooking, they are commonly referred to as bangers, particularly when served with the most common accompaniment of mashed potatoes to form a bi-national dish known as bangers and mash.

In Haitian Vodou, Dinclinsin is a European loa feared for his temper and cruelty, he is often envisioned as a white colonial slave owner, he often carries a whip and is recognisable by his habit of putting whatever is given to him in his pockets, one of his favourite tricks is to pour rum into his pockets without his clothes getting wet.

A number of the reserves are bogs ( often called " moss " in local dialect ), a type of habit which the European Union is keen to protect.

Throughout her career Dietrich had an unending string of affairs, some short-lived, some lasting decades ; they often overlapped and were almost all known to her husband, to whom she was in the habit of passing the love letters of her men, sometimes with biting comments.

The habit of depicting the deceased was not a new one, but the painted images gradually replaced the earlier Egyptian masks, although the latter continued in use for some time, often occurring directly adjacent to portrait mummies, sometimes even in the same graves.