* 1773 – James Mill, Scottish philosopher and historian ( d. 1836 )

* 1865 – James Henry Breasted, American archaeologist and historian ( d. 1935 )

The contemporary historian James W. Loewen agrees with the oral traditions in his book, Lies Across America: What Our Historic Markers and Monuments Get Wrong ( 1999 ), but there is not a consensus within the professional academic community.

Other names connected to the city include Max Born, physicist and Nobel laureate ; Charles Darwin, the biologist who discovered natural selection ; David Hume, a philosopher, economist and historian ; James Hutton, regarded as the " Father of Geology "; John Napier inventor of logarithms ; chemist and one of the founders of thermodynamics Joseph Black ; pioneering medical researchers Joseph Lister and James Young Simpson ; chemist and discoverer of the element nitrogen, Daniel Rutherford ; mathematician and developer of the Maclaurin series, Colin Maclaurin and Ian Wilmut, the geneticist involved in the cloning of Dolly the sheep just outside Edinburgh.

In historian J. E. Neale's view, Elizabeth may not have declared her wishes openly to James, but she made them known with " unmistakable if veiled phrases ".

* 1942 – James Loewen, American sociologist and historian

Pulitzer Prize winning historian James McPherson, writing for the American Historical Association, described the importance of revisionism:

Political historian James Jupp says that, in domestic policy, Holt identified with the reformist wing of Victorian Liberalism.

It may have been just chance, but historian James Campbell has suggested that Chlothar summoned clergy from Britain to attend in an attempt to assert overlordship over Kent.

Book first, together with some account of the life and acts of the Author, of his ancestors, and of his descendants, illustrated by a selection of characteristic anecdotes, as collected by their historian, Mevlānā Shemsu'd-dīn Ahmed el-Eflākī el -' Arifī, translated and the poetry versified by James W. Redhouse, London: 1881.

The historian James Loewen is among those who assert that the United States purchased only France's claim to the Louisiana Territory, as the land belonged to the tribes who inhabited the area.

Baseball historian Bill James described Martínez as being exponentially more effective than his pitching peers due to his variety of pitches, pitch speeds, pinpoint control, and numerous modes of deception.

Irish historian James Emerson Tennent theorised Galle, a southern city in Sri Lanka, was the ancient seaport of Tarshish, from which King Solomon is said to have drawn ivory, peacocks and other valuables.

James Gunn described Gold's focus as being " not on the adventurer, the inventor, the engineer, or the scientist, but on the average citizen ," and according to SF historian David Kyle, Gold's work was to lead inevitably to the New Wave.

Regarding Gilliam's theme of modernity's struggle between spirituality and rationality whereas the individual may become dominated by a tyrannical, soulless machinery of disenchanted society, film critic Keith James Hamel observed a specific affinity of Gilliam's movies with the writings of economic historian Arnold Toynbee and sociologist Max Weber, specifically the latter's concept of the Iron cage of modern rationality.

Chief Justice Morrison Waite, who consulted the historian George Bancroft, also discussed at some length the Memorial and Remonstrance against Religious Assessments by James Madison, who drafted the First Amendment ; Madison used the metaphor of a " great barrier.

* Dr James Belich, New Zealand historian

** James Chace, American historian ( d. 2004 )

* January 11 – James Milton Carroll, Baptist pastor, historian, and author ( b. 1852 )

* August 5 – James Anderson, Scottish historian ( d. 1728 )

* April 3 – James Anderson, Scottish historian ( b. 1662 )

* October 20 – James Anthony Froude, English historian ( b. 1818 )

** James Bryce, 1st Viscount Bryce, Irish-born politician, diplomat and historian ( b. 1838 )

The authors ' caveats and repeated efforts at alternative definition have been echoed in subsequent scholarship: in the more than five decades since, there have been innumerable further attempts at definition, yet in the words of cinema historian Mark Bould, film noir remains an " elusive phenomenon ... always just out of reach ".

Moreover, further debate about colonialism, which is linked to immigration, continued in France ; historian Benjamin Stora noted that colonialism is an important " memory " stake influencing how communities, and the nation, itself, represent themselves, because official state history has accepted French historic crimes and errors with great difficulty ; the historian Olivier LeCour Grandmaison also criticized the 23 February 2005 law.

In recent years, Oxford historian Peter Harrison has further developed the idea that the Protestant Reformation had a significant and positive influence on the development of modern science.

" The historian Jasper Ridley, author of several biographies including one on Henry VIII and another on Mary Tudor, goes much further in his dual biography of More and Cardinal Wolsey, The Statesman and the Fanatic, describing More as " a particularly nasty sadomasochistic pervert ," a line of thinking followed by the late Joanna Denny in her 2004 biography of Anne Boleyn.

Liu Zhen and Liu Taotu were Zhang's only historian allies at court, and after their deaths Zhang had no further opportunities for promotion to the prestigious post of court historian.

The German historian Elena Palmer goes even further, portraying Peter III as a cultured, open-minded emperor who tried to introduce various courageous, even democratic reforms in the 18th century ’ s Russia.

" Gettysburg historian Harry Pfanz concluded that " Longstreet's angry dissidence had resulted in further wasted time and delay.

Italian historian Carlo Ginzburg, in 1976 briefly labeled Derrida's 1967 criticism in Cogito and the History of Madness, as " facile, nihilistic objections ," without giving further argumentation.

According to historian Dušan Třeštík, the first Slavs came through Moravian Gate ( Moravská brána ) valley and in 530 moved into the eastern Bohemia and along rivers Labe and Vltava further into central Bohemia.

British historian Frederick Taylor mentions a further memo sent to the Chiefs of Staff Committee by Sir Douglas Evill on 1 February, in which Evill states interfering with mass civilian movements was a major, even key, factor in the decision to bomb the city center.

The historian Paul de Rapin ( 1732 ) reported the Coventry lore that Lady Godiva performed her ride while " commanding all Persons to keep within Doors and from their Windows, on pain of Death " but one man could not refrain from looking and it " cost him his life "; Rapin further reported that the town commemorates this with a " Statue of a Man looking out of a Window.

Additional iron mines were opened, mostly in the Western end of the township, although historian Diana Muir dismisses them as " scarcely big enough to notice ," with the further disadvantage of not being near a river large enough to ship iron to market at a reasonable cost.

This hypothesis is further strengthened by the fact that Anthemius ' prestige misled the 6th century historian John Malalas to state that Marcian had actually designated Anthemius as Western Emperor after Avitus.

The historian Walter Goffart goes further, suggesting that Bede wrote his Historia as a reaction to Stephen's Vita Sancti Wilfrithi, and that Stephen's work was written as part of a propaganda campaign to defend a " Wilfridian " party in Northumbrian politics.

Animation historian Jerry Beck, partly involved in the production of the DVD releases, has stated that plans for further volumes are currently on hold.

The expulsion in 1837 of the seven professors – Die Göttinger Sieben – the Germanist, Wilhelm Eduard Albrecht ( 1800 – 1876 ); the historian Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann ( 1785 – 1860 ); the orientalist Georg Heinrich August Ewald ( 1803 – 1875 ); the historian Georg Gottfried Gervinus ( 1805 – 1875 ); the physicist Wilhelm Eduard Weber ( 1804 – 1891 ); and the philologists, the brothers Jakob ( 1785 – 1863 ) and Wilhelm Grimm ( 1786 – 1859 ), for protesting against the revocation by King Ernest Augustus I of Hanover of the liberal constitution of 1833, further reduced the prosperity of the university.

At Vienna, in spite of the powerful backing of Alexander of Russia, he failed to secure the annexation of the whole of Saxony to Prussia ; at Paris, after Waterloo, he failed to carry through his views as to the further dismemberment of France ; he had weakly allowed Metternich to forestall him in making terms with the states of the Confederation of the Rhine, which secured to Austria the preponderance in the German federal diet ; on the eve of the conference of Carlsbad ( 1819 ) he signed a convention with Metternich, by which — to quote the historian Treitschke — “ like a penitent sinner, without any formal quid pro quo, the monarchy of Frederick the Great yielded to a foreign power a voice in her internal affairs .”

No further collection from various sources is recorded until the time of Justinian, when epigrammatic writing, especially of an amatory character, experienced a great revival at the hands of Agathias of Myrina, the historian, Paulus Silentiarius, and their circle.

GAA historian Marcus de Búrca, writing in the Tipperary Historical Journal ( 2004 ), notes of the suggestion that the IRB were the true founders of the GAA, " far from this theory fading out the further away we move from the 1880s, the more convincing it is becoming ", in light of new information coming to light,

The ancient Egyptian historian Manetho called Khaefra “ Sûphis II .” and credited him with a rulership of 66 years, but didn ´ t make any further, interesting comments about him.

The emphasis on the inevitability of progress leads to the mistaken belief that the progressive sequence of events becomes " a line of causation ," tempting the historian to go no further to investigate the causes of historical change.