The Radical Enlightenments of Benjamin Franklin ( 1997 ) – fresh look at the intellectual roots of Franklin

UK Reform, UK Liberal Judaism and Israeli Progressive Movement can all trace their intellectual roots to the Reform movement in Judaism.

Secularism draws its intellectual roots from Greek and Roman philosophers such as Marcus Aurelius and Epicurus ; medieval Muslim polymaths such as Ibn Rushd ; Enlightenment thinkers such as Denis Diderot, Voltaire, Baruch Spinoza, John Locke, James Madison, Thomas Jefferson, and Thomas Paine ; and more recent freethinkers, agnostics, and atheists such as Robert Ingersoll and Bertrand Russell.

The Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity ( UNESCO, 2001 ) further elaborates the concept by stating that "... cultural diversity is as necessary for humankind as biodiversity is for nature ”; it becomes “ one of the roots of development understood not simply in terms of economic growth, but also as a means to achieve a more satisfactory intellectual, emotional, moral and spiritual existence ".

Although Paine liked to say that he read very little, his writings belie this statement ; The Age of Reason has intellectual roots in the traditions of David Hume, Spinoza, and Voltaire.

The kollel idea, though having its intellectual roots traced to the Torah, is a relatively modern innovation of 19th century Europe.

In the 1920s and 1930s the intellectual movement known as Afrocubanismo gave roots to traditional rumba When this afrocubanismo movement came along it helped open the doors to African rooted dancing and ways of expression.

The meaning of virtuoso has its roots in the Italian usage of the 16th and 17th centuries, signifying an honorific term reserved for a person distinguished in any intellectual or artistic field.

With intellectual roots in ancient Greek philosophy, it was advanced by Thomas Aquinas based on an argument against usury, which in his time referred to the making of any rate of interest on loans.

Beginning with the Renaissance period, intellectual roots become easier to discern.

*" The roots / routes of academic freedom and the role of the intellectual " -- William G. Tierney

In contrast to Buddhism in Asia, modern Buddhism in the Western world is typically associated with a concern for social equality — partly as a result of its largely middle-class intellectual membership base, and its philosophical roots in freethought and secular humanism.

Rather, the consent of the governed and the idea of the people as a sovereign had clear 17th and 18th century intellectual roots in English history.

When moving into modern warfare, Delbrück showed his intellectual roots in Clausewitz.

There were three primary emphases to this new movement: ( 1 ) an appeal for grass roots involvement of people throughout society, while making their own decisions, ( 2 ) the minimization of ( bureaucratic ) hierarchy and the associated emphasis on expertise and professionalism as a basis for leadership, and ( 3 ) a call for direct action as an answer to fear isolation and intellectual detachment.

To cope with the inspectorate, the corporate elevator establishment, and other looming elements, she must return to her intellectual roots, the texts ( both known and lost ) of the founder of the school, to try to reconstruct what is happening around her.

He emphasize how the roots of modern science were planted in the ancient and medieval worlds long before the modern period, and that the Christian Latin civilization of Western Europe began the last stage of its intellectual development.

And while his Trinidadian roots could place him within West Indian and African-Canadian literary traditions, he accepts these affiliations reluctantly, noting that such writing was not formative to his artistic and intellectual development.

From its roots, culture in Germany has been shaped by major intellectual and popular currents in Europe, both religious and secular.

The second of these, published in 1995, is Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical, which explores Ayn Rand's college influences and intellectual roots — particularly the role of Rand's philosophy teacher, philosopher Nicholas Onufrievich Lossky — and argued that Rand's philosophical method was dialectical in nature.

Spain will be fundamental to his writing, approaching him to his family roots and the intellectual world.

In the late 19th century, as Korean intellectuals began to reexamine their intellectual and historical roots in the face of increasing national weakness and foreign encroachment, there arose a rising critique of Korea's historical deference to China.

According to Peter Gay, building on Ernst Cassirer's much earlier study of the intellectual progenitors of Kant, the Enlightenment was the creation of a small group of thinkers, his family of philosophes or ‘ party of humanity ’, whose coherent anti-Christian, ameliorist, and individualistic programme of reform developed from very specific cultural roots.

AIX was a component of the 2003 SCO v. IBM lawsuit, in which the SCO Group filed a lawsuit against IBM, alleging IBM contributed SCO's intellectual property to the Linux codebase.

* SCO v. IBM Linux lawsuit: Aduva, Inc., a Linux developing company, releases this week a tool to allow companies to replace any offending Linux code, if it exists, with code that does not infringe on SCO's intellectual property rights.

USL v. BSDi was a lawsuit brought in the United States in 1992 by Unix System Laboratories against Berkeley Software Design, Inc and the Regents of the University of California over intellectual property related to UNIX.

Unix System Laboratories was the plaintiff in the USL v. BSDi lawsuit initiated in 1992 against Berkeley Software Design, Inc and the Regents of the University of California over intellectual property related to Unix.

USL v. BSDi was settled out of court 1993 after the judge expressed doubt as to the validity of USL's intellectual property.

" Fénelon ( Second Dialogue ) describes it as portrayal ; De Quincey, as a holding of the thought until the mind gets time to eddy about it ; Newman gives a masterly analysis of it ; his own sermons are remarkable for this quality of amplification as are those of Bourdaloue on the intellectual, and those of Massillon on the intellectual-emotional side, v. g. the latter's sermon on the Prodigal Son.

* Jacobsen v. Katzer, a lawsuit relevant to intellectual property law

Galoob was involved in a landmark intellectual property lawsuit, Lewis Galoob Toys, Inc. v. Nintendo of America, Inc., over the Nintendo Entertainment System version of the Game Genie.

A & M Records, Inc. v. Napster, Inc., 239 F. 3d 1004 ( 2001 ) was a landmark intellectual property case in which the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit affirmed the ruling of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, holding that defendant, peer-to-peer ( P2P ) file-sharing service Napster, could be held liable for contributory infringement and vicarious infringement of the plaintiffs ' copyrights.

These Seven Founders constituted an intellectual and social elite, the most respectable and disinterested leadership any revolution ever confessed.

At a party an English intellectual -- so-called -- asked me why I write always about distress.

In Plato's judgment, the arts play a meaningful role in society only in the education of the young, prior to the full development of their intellectual powers.

But what a super-Herculean task it is to winnow anything of value from the mud-beplastered arguments used so freely, particularly since such common use is made of cliches and stereotypes, in themselves declarations of intellectual bankruptcy.

When the reactionary response is thus bolstered by an intellectual defense, the characteristics of that defense are explicable only in terms of the basic attitudes of unanalyzed reaction.

Exhibited in shows in London in 1935, and in New York the following year, the new, more elaborated abstracts were much favored in the circles of the modernists as three-dimentional dramas of great intellectual coherence.

He did not think himself to be firing the first shot of an intellectual revolution.

Another source of intellectual stimulus was opened to her at that time by the founding of Johns Hopkins University within walking distance of home.

Now this concern for the freedom of other peoples is the intellectual and spiritual cement which has allied us with more than forty other nations in a common defense effort.

the intellectual honesty and capacity to recognize the true path of her own best interests.

The accomplishment of the many tasks I have alluded to requires the continuous strengthening of the spiritual, intellectual, and economic sinews of American life.

Comprehensive examination of any policy question calls for the performance of the intellectual tasks inseparable from any problem-solving method.

With the knowledge that the kingdom comes by obedience to the moral law in our relations with all people, we have a firm intellectual grasp on both the means and the ends of our lives.

This intellectual approach to spiritual life suited me well, because I was never content to lead a divided life.

Wonder is indeed the intellectual gateway to the spiritual world.

These personal and social goals often overshadow the goals of intellectual clarity, and spiritual transcendence.

Still another segment of the student population consists of those who seek, in what they regard as religion, intellectual clarity, rational belief, and ethical guidance and reinforcement.

But now he knows `` that an intellectual is not only a man to whom books are necessary, he is any man whose reasoning, however elementary it may be, affects and directs his life ''.

the combination of the Jewish intellectual tradition and the sensibility needed to be a writer created in my circle the most potent and incredible intellectual-literary ambition I have ever seen or could ever have imagined.

their reading and thinking gave an extension to their normal blushes about appearing ' Jewish ' in subway, bus, racetrack, movie house, any of the public places that used to make the Jew of my generation self-conscious ( heavy thinkers walking across Seventh Avenue without their glasses on, willing to dare the trucks as long as they didn't look like the ikey-kikey caricature of the Yiddish intellectual ).

Saul Bellow and Bernard Malamud, through intellectual toughness, perception, through experience in fact, have obviously liberated themselves from any sentimental Krim self-indulgence they might have been tempted to.

He moved in a `` highly intellectual '' group in Greenwich Village in the late forties, becoming `` internationalized '' overnight.

God knows that Partisan and the rest often were, and remain, guilty of intellectual flatulence.

The highly intellectual minds that Krim says he encountered, in the Village did their work in spite of,, not because of, any Village atmosphere.

He was going to do one or two more films for cash and then chuck it all, leave Rome and its intellectual cliques and money-fed life, go back to Calabria.