This is a theoretically complicated dipole interaction which causes any extremely small uncharged particle to agglomerate with other small uncharged particles, or to stick to an uncharged surface.

The letter alpha represents various concepts in physics and chemistry, including alpha radiation, angular acceleration, alpha particles, alpha carbon and strength of electromagnetic interaction ( as Fine-structure constant ).

It is assumed that internal interaction forces obey Newton's third law of motion in its strong form, that is, that the forces between particles are equal and opposite and act along the line between the particles.

As quark-based particles, baryons participate in the strong interaction, whereas leptons, which are not quark-based, do not.

The following forces play an important role in the interaction of colloid particles:

* Electrostatic interaction: Colloidal particles often carry an electrical charge and therefore attract or repel each other.

Aggregation is due to the sum of the interaction forces between particles.

Examples of such properties are structure ( i. e. the expected positions of the constituent atoms ), absolute and relative ( interaction ) energies, electronic charge distributions, dipoles and higher multipole moments, vibrational frequencies, reactivity or other spectroscopic quantities, and cross sections for collision with other particles.

** Electric charge, a property which determines the electromagnetic interaction of subatomic particles

In nuclear and particle physics, the concept of a cross section is used to express the likelihood of interaction between particles.

For an attractive interaction between particles, the diffusion coefficient tends to decrease as concentration increases.

For a repulsive interaction between particles, the diffusion coefficient tends to increase as concentration increases.

* In the case of an attractive interaction between particles, particles exhibit a tendency to coalesce and form clusters if their concentration lies above a certain threshold.

The electric charge is a fundamental conserved property of some subatomic particles, which determines their electromagnetic interaction.

( Compare this with the modern theory of quantum physics, which postulates a non-deterministic random motion of fundamental particles, which do not swerve absent an external force ; randomness originates in interaction of particles in incompatible eigenstates.

For contributions to the unification of the weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, Abdus Salam, Sheldon Glashow and Steven Weinberg were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1979.

Either there was some interaction between the particles, even though they were separated, or the information about the outcome of all possible measurements was already present in both particles.

It was shown that the relativistic gravitational interaction arises as the small-amplitude collective excitation mode whereas relativistic elementary particles can be described by the particle-like modes in the limit of low momenta.

When calculating scattering cross sections in particle physics, the interaction between particles can be described by starting from a free field which describes the incoming and outgoing particles, and including an interaction Hamiltonian to describe how the particles deflect one another.

The interaction effect, which is significant at the level, can be seen best in the contrast of mean scores.

Additional side-effects can result from interaction with other drugs, such as elevated risk of tendon damage from administration of a quinolone antibiotic with a systemic corticosteroid.

Antigenic molecules, normally being " large " biological polymers, usually present several surface features that can act as points of interaction for specific antibodies.

Despite its invisible interior, the presence of a black hole can be inferred through its interaction with other matter and with light and other electromagnetic radiation.

The term " coastal zone " can be used instead, which is a spatial zone where interaction of the sea and land processes occurs.

Many aspects of language can be studied from each of these components and from their interaction.

Social interaction on a small scale can be difficult to identify with archaeological data.

Surface forces or contact forces, expressed as force per unit area, can act either on the bounding surface of the body, as a result of mechanical contact with other bodies, or on imaginary internal surfaces that bound portions of the body, as a result of the mechanical interaction between the parts of the body to either side of the surface ( Euler-Cauchy's stress principle ).

These methods can be applied to proteins and other large biological molecules, and allow studies of the approach and interaction ( docking ) of potential drug molecules ( e. g. and ).

Light interaction is often approximated by the even simpler models: diffuse reflection and specular reflection, although both can be BRDFs.

Appointment CRM systems can be an origination point for a sales lead and are generally integrated with sales and marketing CRM systems to capture and store the interaction.

This notion can be extended to any interaction between the impinging particle and the atoms in the target.

According to Rand, voluntary trade alone can assure that human interaction is mutually beneficial.

Any type of electromagnetic energy can be transformed into thermal energy in interaction with matter.

Immersive virtual musical instruments, or immersive virtual instruments for music and sound aim to represent musical events and sound parameters in a virtual reality so that they can be perceived not only through auditory feedback but also visually in 3D and possibly through tactile as well as haptic feedback, allowing the development of novel interaction metaphors beyond manipulation such as prehension.

The interaction of any pair of fermions in perturbation theory can then be modeled thus:

Relaxation of an S < sub > 1 </ sub > state can also occur through interaction with a second molecule through fluorescence quenching.

The Dyson series can be alternately rewritten as a sum over Feynman diagrams, where at each interaction vertex both the energy and momentum are conserved, but where the length of the energy momentum four vector is not equal to the mass.

For the QED interaction Lagrangian,, describing the interaction of a fermionic field with a bosonic gauge field, the Feynman rules can be formulated in coordinate space as follows:

Bars are thought to be temporary structures that can occur as a result of a density wave radiating outward from the core, or else due to a tidal interaction with another galaxy.

The issue of interaction between anxiety and compulsivity will be taken up later.

The country's new Robotics Ethics Charter will establish ground rules and laws for human interaction with robots in the future, setting standards for robotics users and manufacturers, as well as guidelines on ethical standards to be programmed into robots to prevent human abuse of robots and vice versa.

They may similarly be produced in regions like the center of the Milky Way and other galaxies, where very energetic celestial events occur ( principally the interaction of relativistic jets with the interstellar medium ).

This may mean that bongos may be endangered due to human environmental interaction as well as hunting and illegal actions towards wildlife.

But for two substances to travel at different speeds, and thereby be resolved, there must be substantial differences in some interaction between the biomolecules and the chromatography matrix.

Cancer is thought to be caused by the interaction between genetic susceptibility and environmental toxins.

If a particle of the beam crosses this surface, there will be some kind of interaction.

Assuming that an interaction will occur ( with 100 % probability ) if the projectile hits the solid, and not at all ( 0 % probability ) if it misses, the total interaction probability for the single projectile will be the ratio of the area of the section of the solid ( the cross section, represented by ) to the total targeted area.

Remember that qualitative effects of context and interaction may be lost when phenomena are isolated ".

The word ' force ' is sometimes replaced by ' interaction ' because the fundamental forces operate by exchanging what are now known to be gauge bosons.

Exploits against client applications may also require some interaction with the user and thus may be used in combination with social engineering method.

The neutrino would not be detected until after Fermi's death, and his interaction theory showed why it was so difficult to detect.