Until the introduction of gunpowder into western warfare artillery depended upon mechanical energy to operate and this severely limited the kinetic energy of the projectiles while also requiring the construction of very large apparatus to store sufficient energy.

After its introduction, dynamite rapidly gained wide-scale use as a safe alternative to gunpowder and nitroglycerin.

The introduction of smokeless powder in the late 19th century led to a contraction of the gunpowder industry.

The introduction of gunpowder and the use of cannons brought about a new age in siege warfare.

The introduction in the later Middle Ages of siege cannons, which harnessed the explosive power of gunpowder to propel weighty stone or iron balls against fortified obstacles, spelled the end of battering rams and other traditional siege weapons.

Even after the introduction of gunpowder and firearms to the battlefield, shields continued to be used by certain groups.

The ability by the officers to make complex calculations required for the equally complex " evolutions " of the troop movements in linear warfare that increasingly dominated the Renaissance and later history, and the introduction of the gunpowder weapons into the equation of warfare only added to the veritable arcana of building fortifications as it seemed to the average individual.

Though their introduction was not seen to have particularly dramatic effects for several decades, by the 1560s, thousands of gunpowder weapons were in use in Japan, and began to have revolutionary effects upon Japanese battle tactics and strategies, army compositions, and castle architecture.

The musket went through further evolution in the 17th century, the most important of these changes being the introduction of the flintlock firing mechanism, where the gunpowder in a musket's pan was ignited by a flint suspended on hammer, which struck the pan on pulling the trigger.

Even after the introduction of gunpowder to Europe, it was carried by general officers and their staffs as a field guide to methods.

The introduction of gunpowder to Europe led to innovations in offensive weapons such as cannon and defences such as fortifications.

In the 16th century the introduction of gunpowder and firearms made the medieval armoured cavalry obsolete.

As in all muzzle-loading firearms ( prior to the introduction of the percussion cap ), the pan transmits the fire to the main charge of gunpowder inside the breech of the barrel, via a small hole ( or " vent ") in the side of the breech, that gives on to the pan.

A feudal Japanese setting was chosen ; in addition to being thought of as " cool ", the Sengoku period was selected as it allowed for several different factions who could have potentially won the conflict, and due to the introduction of gunpowder to Japan, also allowed for rapid change for the game's technology tree.

The events during Knife of Dreams also confirm what many readers had speculated from previous novels: that Mat would be crucial to the introduction of firearms to the world of The Wheel of Time via gunpowder used in the making of fireworks ; he has already used explosives to breach the Stone of Tear.

A walled platform cut out of the rock a little above the castle to the southwest is a post-medieval position for artillery aimed at the hillside which was an important part of the castle's defences after the introduction of gunpowder.

In the 18th century, the Italian professor of medicine Ramazzini said that the introduction of Peruvian bark would be of the same importance to medicine that the discovery of gunpowder was to the art of war, an opinion endorsed by contemporary writers on the history of medicine.

There was keen competition between the two from the introduction of the The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing | Algebra into Europe in the 12th century until its triumph in the 16th.

With the introduction of the blast furnace to Europe in the Middle Ages, pig iron was able to be produced in much higher volumes than wrought iron.

The molecular epidemiology of bluetongue virus ( BTV ) in Europe since 1998: routes of introduction of different serotypes and individual virus strains.

However, " his plays continued to be applauded even after those of Aeschylus and Sophocles had come to seem remote and irrelevant ", they became school classics in the Hellenistic period ( as mentioned in the introduction ) and, due to Seneca's adaptation of his work for Roman audiences, " it was Euripides, not Aeschylus or Sophocles, whose tragic muse presided over the rebirth of tragedy in Renaissance Europe.

The introduction of the printing press in Europe during the fifteenth century and the diffusion of printed matter contributed to higher literacy rates and wider access to the once-rarefied knowledge of academia.

Louis ' patronage of the arts drove much innovation in Gothic art and architecture, and the style of his court radiated throughout Europe by both the purchase of art objects from Parisian masters for export and by the marriage of the king's daughters and female relatives to foreign husbands and their subsequent introduction of Parisian models elsewhere.

Earlier, the guilds of writers had denounced the printing press as " the Devil's Invention ", and were responsible for a 53-year lag between its invention by Johannes Gutenberg in Europe in c. 1440 and its introduction to the Ottoman society with the first Gutenberg press in Istanbul that was established by the Sephardic Jews of Spain in 1493 ( who had migrated to the Ottoman Empire a year earlier, escaping from the Spanish Inquisition of 1492.

" The two most important historical figures who signify the introduction of the concepts of national boundary and sovereignty in Ethiopia are Emperor Menelik II and Ras Gobana Dachi, who used guns manufactured in Europe to bring a large swath of Biyas ( regions / nations ) under a centralized rule.

* Luis Jerónimo de Cabrera, 4th Count of Chinchón and Jesuit's bark, for the story of its introduction into Europe

The introduction of his Pascaline in 1645 launched the development of mechanical calculators first in Europe and then all over the world.

This is largely due to reduced hull-building costs brought about by the introduction of fibreglass hulls, and increased automation and " production line " techniques for yacht building, especially in Europe.

* In Europe, the introduction of the horizontal loom operated by foot-treadles makes weaving faster and more efficient.

The true origin of the blancmange is obscure, but it is believed that it was a result of the Arab introduction of rice and almonds in early medieval Europe.

Explorer Christopher Columbus is generally credited with the introduction of tobacco to Europe.

In 1831, the Scotsman James Busby, often called " the Father of Australian viticulture ", made a trip back to Europe to collect cuttings from vines ( primarily from France and Spain ) for introduction to Australia.

Originally introduced as a seductive dance by the courtesans who operated from the site, the can-can dance revue evolved into a form of entertainment of its own and led to the introduction of cabarets across Europe.

His programme of castle building in Wales heralded the introduction of the widespread use of arrowslits in castle walls across Europe, drawing on Eastern influences.

There are seventeen species of hedgehog in five genera, found through parts of Europe, Asia, Africa and New Zealand ( by introduction ).

He is regarded as having made a greater impact on British public life than any other 20th-century leader, thanks to his leadership of the war drive, his postwar role in reshaping Europe, and his introduction of Britain's social welfare system before the war.

According to another theory, it is believed that the pointed arch evolved naturally in Western Europe as a structural solution to a purely technical problem, concurrent with its introduction and early use as a stylistic feature in French and English churches.

It also heralded the introduction of new noble titles from continental Europe, which were to replace the old Norse titles.

The major boom in smart card use came in the 1990s, with the introduction of smart-card-based SIMs used in GSM mobile phone equipment in Europe.

Countering this trend, with the discovery and mining of silver deposits in Europe, Italy began the first tentative steps toward a large silver coinage with the introduction in 1472 of the lira tron in excess of six grams, a substantial increase over the, roughly, four-gram gros tournois of France.

Domesticated guinea pigs come in many breeds, which have been developed since their introduction to Europe and North America.

Many of these were found in British gardens even though they only occurred naturally in continental Europe, demonstrating earlier plant introduction.