* Future Science introduction to high-temperature superconductors.

Only one regional referendum has been held to date to seek consent for the introduction of direct elections elsewhere — in the northeast of England — and this was soundly rejected by the electorate.

After the introduction of cannon, an artillery platform was added to the medieval castle on the northeast side to cover the access route, but its exact date of construction is unknown.

In France the usage of centime goes back to the introduction of the decimal monetary system under Napoleon.

This process was partially reversed from the 1970s onward, with the introduction of various forms of regional autonomy, in formerly centralised states such as France.

The introduction of a limited form of plea bargaining ( comparution sur reconnaissance préalable de culpabilité or CRPC, often summarized as plaider coupable ) in 2004 was highly controversial in France.

Following a pan-European agreement to introduce color TV only in 625 lines, France had to start the conversion by switching over to a 625-line television standard, which happened at the beginning of the 1960s with the introduction of a second network.

Darwin's attempts to find a translator in France fell through, and the translation by Clémence Royer published in 1862 added an introduction praising Darwin's ideas as an alternative to religious revelation and promoting ideas anticipating social Darwinism and eugenics, as well as numerous explanatory notes giving her own answers to doubts that Darwin expressed.

* The modern rose is born, with the introduction of Rosa ' La France ' by Jean-Baptiste Guillot ( 1803 – 1882 ).

Since their introduction to the west in the early 1990s, Hall thrusters have been the subject of a large number of research efforts throughout the United States, France, Italy, Japan, and Russia ( with many smaller efforts scattered in various countries across the globe ).

The most important is the chronicle called Gesta consulum Andegavorum, of which only a poor edition exists ( Chroniques des comtes d ' Anjou, published by Marchegay and Salmon, with an introduction by E. Mabille, Paris, 1856 – 1871, collection of the Société de l ' histoire de France ).

In 1831, the Scotsman James Busby, often called " the Father of Australian viticulture ", made a trip back to Europe to collect cuttings from vines ( primarily from France and Spain ) for introduction to Australia.

Regardless of the reasoning behind its introduction, Elizabeth transformed “ her court into the country ’ s leading musical center .” She would spare no expense in its regard, importing leading musical talents from Germany, France, and Italy.

Countering this trend, with the discovery and mining of silver deposits in Europe, Italy began the first tentative steps toward a large silver coinage with the introduction in 1472 of the lira tron in excess of six grams, a substantial increase over the, roughly, four-gram gros tournois of France.

Philip decided to relinquish his right of succession to France under one condition: the introduction of semi-Salic law in Spain.

Although his invention was fiercely opposed by the silk-weavers, who feared that its introduction, owing to the saving of labour, would deprive them of their livelihood, its advantages secured its general adoption, and by 1812 there were 11, 000 Jacquard looms in use in France.

The sequence, Cordonata piazza and the central palazzo are the first urban introduction of the " cult of the axis " that was to occupy Italian garden plans and reach fruition in France.

The 1710 introduction of Statute of Anne in England ( and later copyright laws in France ) eased this situation.

He did not introduce the sonnet into France, but he practised it very soon after its introduction and with admirable skill-the famous " Quand vous serez bien vieille " being one of the acknowledged gems of French literature.

He withdrew from political life to write his Mémoires d ' outre-tombe (" Memoirs from Beyond the Grave '", published posthumously 1848 – 1850 ), which is considered his most accomplished work, and his Études historiques ( 4 vols., designed as an introduction to a projected History of France ).

* Road racing is banned as a result and the legacy of the event is the introduction of circuits, the first being opened at Le Mans in 1906 for the inaugural French Grand Prix, organised by the Automobile Club de France ( ACF ).

Its introduction into France was forbidden in 1779 ; the book was burned by the public executioner, and an order was given for the arrest of the author, whose name had not appeared in the first edition, but was printed on the title page of the Geneva edition of 1780.

Bearing a Letter of introduction from Luc de la Corne to his brother Abbé Joseph-Marie de La Corne de Chaptes, Henry next went to France where he was met with " a most flattering reception ".

Simone " Simca " Beck ( 7 July 1904 in Normandy, France – 20 December 1991 ) was a French cookbook author and cooking teacher who, along with colleagues Julia Child and Louisette Bertholle, played a significant role in the introduction of French cooking technique and recipes into American kitchens.

These include, De la féodalité, des institutions de Saint Louis et de l ' influence de la législation de ce prince ( 1822 ); La Germanie au VIIIe et au IXe siècle, sa conversion au Christianisme, et son introduction dans la société civilisée de l ' Europe occidentale ( 1834 ); Essai sur la formation territoriale et politique de la France depuis la fin du XIe siècle jusqu ' à la fin du XVe ( 1836 ); all of which are rough sketches that mainly outline the subjects.

In France, existing interests combined with popular worries about the introduction of railways, especially concerning their safety.

His Travels in France were translated in 1793 / 1794 by Soules ; a new version by M. Lesage, with an introduction by M. de Lavergne, appeared in 1856.

Ranke began his book with the statement in the introduction that he would show the unity of the experiences of the " Teutonic " nations of Scandinavia, England and Germany and the " Latin " nations of Italy, Spain and France through the great " respirations " of the Völkerwanderung ( great migration ), the Crusades and colonisation that in Ranke's view bound all of the nations together to produce modern European civilization.

Speed improved with the introduction of 1200 bit / s modems in the early 1980s, and this led to a substantial increase in popularity.

A downside, however, would be an increase in aerobic bacteria growth due to the introduction of biomass, leading to more competition for oxygen resources in the deep sea, similar to the oxygen minimum zone.

Ironically, the introduction of the Davy lamp led to an increase in mine accidents, as the lamp encouraged the working of mines and parts of mines that had previously been closed for safety reasons.

Through the introduction of sophisticated methods of coding and transmitting data, EDGE delivers higher bit-rates per radio channel, resulting in a threefold increase in capacity and performance compared with an ordinary GSM / GPRS connection.

This dual rôle allowed the Committee, to which Clarke and MacDermott added themselves shortly afterward, to promote their own policies and personnel independently of both the Volunteer Executive and the IRB Executive — in particular Volunteer Chief of Staff Eoin MacNeill, who supported a rising only on condition of an increase in popular support following unpopular moves by the London government, such as the introduction of conscription or an attempt to suppress the Volunteers or its leaders, and IRB President Denis McCullough, who held similar views.

Singapore's oversight of hedge funds will increase following the introduction of new rules and regulations in 2011, but small funds will be able to continue operating without a license.

The increase was to be funded by the introduction of new top-level domains, charges to domain registries, and a fee for some domain name registrations, renewals and transfers ( initially USD 0. 20 for all domains within a country-code top-level domain, and USD 0. 25 for all others ).

The introduction of wheels to replace the runner allowed the weight of the plough to increase, and in turn allowed the use of a much larger mouldboard faced in metal.

Askin's time in office was marked by a significant increase in public works programs, strong opposition to an increase in Commonwealth powers, laissez-faire economic policies and wide-ranging reforms in laws and regulations such as the Law Reform Commission, the introduction of consumer laws, legal aid, breath-testing of drivers, the liberalisation of liquor laws and the restoration of Postal voting in NSW elections.

The increasing presence of long-distance trade, an increase in local conflicts, and the introduction of bronze and iron metallurgy are trends denoting the end of the Mumun around 300 BC.

* Increases in public housing subsidies, as characterised by a 36 % increase in the social housing budget in 1970 and by the introduction of a programme for the construction of 200, 000 public housing units ( 1971 ).

So long as the local economy is functioning at less than full capacity, the introduction of local currency need not be inflationary, even when it results in a significant increase in total money supply and total economic activity.

The introduction of cash taxes, rather than on agricultural produce was intended to increase cultivation of coffee as a cash crop.

It also appears in his Expanded Universe in 1980, but this version is the way it appeared in Astounding without the modifications: " I now see, as a result of the enormous increase in the art in 33 years, more errors in the ' 46 version than I spotted in the ' 40s version when I checked it in ' 46 ," he writes in the introduction to the story.

A weak colchicine solution has been employed to increase the probability of recombination in the proximal chromosome regions, and thus the introduction of the translocation to that region.

Bevan was appointed Minister of Labour ( during which he helped to secure a deal for railwaymen which provided them with a big pay increase ) in 1951 but soon resigned in protest at Hugh Gaitskell's introduction of prescription charges for dental care and spectacles — created in order to meet the financial demands imposed by the Korean War.

Epidemics of infectious disease are generally caused by a change in the ecology of the host population ( e. g. increased stress or increase in the density of a vector species ), a genetic change in the parasite population or the introduction of a new parasite to a host population ( by movement of parasites or hosts ).

Factors for the great population growth include the impact of Dutch colonial rule including the imposed end to civil war in Java, the increase in the area under rice cultivation, and the introduction of food plants such as casava and maize which could sustain populations that could not afford rice.

Monsanto's introduction of this system ( planting glyphosate-resistant seed and then applying glyphosate once plants emerged ) provided farmers with an opportunity to dramatically increase the yield from a given plot of land, since this allowed them to plant rows closer together.

This was made possible through an increase in the number of readings at Mass and the introduction of a three-year cycle of readings on Sundays and a two-year cycle on weekdays.

The greater availability of telephones in private residences, the improvement of roads and the introduction of highways, and the increase of personal cars for commuting to surrounding towns, all meant that individuals had less need to restrict themselves to close-by conveniences.

It has been suggested that this, and the contemporary change in material culture of the Britons ( such as the introduction of coinage and cemeteries and an increase in craft industries ), was caused by increased interaction with the Roman Empire.

Though engine manufacturers have refused to release details of the effect of EGR on fuel economy, the EPA regulations of 2002 that led to the introduction of cooled EGR were associated with a 3 % drop in engine efficiency, bucking a trend of a. 5 % a year increase.