published a convincing synthesis of < sup > 260 </ sup > Db in the reaction between californium-249 target and nitrogen-15 ions and measured the alpha decay of < sup > 260 </ sup > Db with a half-life of 1. 6 seconds and a decay energy of 9. 10 MeV, correlated with the daughter decay of lawrencium-256:

* 125. 3 +/- 0. 6 GeV: The energy emitted by the decay of a particle that may be the Higgs Boson, as measured by two separate detectors at the LHC to a certainty of 5 sigma

The Discovery of a new boson with Higgs-like decay channels measured experimentally to significance to 4. 9 sigma puts a brand new empirical test in the search for Kaluza-Klein Resonances and Supersymmetric Particles.

Another major experimental parameter is whether nuclear decay products ( gamma rays or particles ) are measured during neutron irradiation ( prompt gamma ), or at some time after irradiation ( delayed gamma ).

PGNAA is generally applied to elements with extremely high neutron capture cross-sections ; elements which decay too rapidly to be measured by DGNAA ; elements that produce only stable isotopes ; or elements with weak decay gamma ray intensities.

In 1969, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley conclusively synthesized the element by bombarding a californium-249 target with carbon-12 ions and measured the alpha decay of < sup > 257 </ sup > Rf, correlated with the daughter decay of nobelium-253:

The measurement of a spontaneous fission activity was assigned to < sup > 256 </ sup > Rf ,< ref > while later studies done at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung Institute ( GSI ), also measured decay properties for the isotopes < sup > 257 </ sup > Rf, and < sup > 255 </ sup > Rf .< ref >< ref name = 97He01 >

Since the mid-1990s, starspot observations have been made using increasingly powerful techniques yielding more and more detail: photometry showed starspot growth and decay and showed cyclic behavior similar to the Sun's ; spectroscopy examined the structure of starspot regions by analyzing variations in spectral line splitting due to the Zeeman Effect ; Doppler imaging showed differential rotation of spots for several stars and distributions different from the Sun's ; spectral line analysis measured the temperature range of spots and the stellar surfaces.

Even the number of long-lived radionuclides is uncertain ( to a lesser degree ), because many " stable " nuclides are calculated to have half-lives so long that their decay has not been experimentally measured.

The report quotes Brian Naranjo of the University of California, Los Angeles to the effect that spectrum measured in these sonofusion experiments is consistent with radioactive decay of the lab equipment and hence does not reliably demonstrate the presence of nuclear reactions.

The resulting composite signal, is called a free induction decay, because typically the signal will decay due to inhomogeneities in sample frequency, or simply unrecoverable loss of signal due to entropic loss of the property being measured.

Time-resolved photoluminescence ( TRPL ) is a method where the sample is excited with a light pulse and then the decay in photoluminescence with respect to time is measured.

The Earth's magnetic field strength was measured by Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1835 and has been repeatedly measured since then, showing a relative decay of about 10 % over the last 150 years.

Reverberation time is usually stated as a decay time and is measured in seconds.

For a large number of atoms, the decay rate for the collection is computable from the measured decay constants of the nuclides ( or equivalently from the half-lifes ).

* Radioactive decay, the amount of radioactive material in which one nucleus decays per second, measured in Becquerels

Left-right asymmetries in Z boson production and decay were measured at the Stanford Linear Collider using the event rates obtained with left-polarized versus right-polarized initial electron beams.

Not all the observers have used the same procedures or made the same assumptions about the lunar brightness distribution when reducing the data, and this, together with differences in the methods of calibrating the antennae and receivers, must account for much of the disagreement in the measured radio brightness temperatures.

The detected events thus become a point cloud data with attributed experimentally measured values, such as ion time of flight or experimentally derived quantities, e. g. time of flight or detector data.

This form of data manipulation allows for rapid computer visualisation and analysis, with data presented as point cloud data with additional information, such as each ion's mass to charge ( as computed from the velocity equation above ), voltage or other auxiliary measured quantity or computation therefrom.

In 2005 they measured 33 decays of < sup > 262 </ sup > Bh and 2 atoms of < sup > 261 </ sup > Bh, providing a 1n excitation function and some spectroscopic data of both < sup > 262 </ sup > Bh isomers.

This is totally spurious, since no matter who measured first the other will measure the opposite spin despite the fact that ( in theory ) the other has a 50 % ' probability ' ( 50: 50 chance ) of measuring the same spin, unless data about the first spin measurement has somehow passed faster than light ( of course TI gets around the light speed limit by having information travel backwards in time instead ).

Graph of cosmic microwave background spectrum measured by the FIRAS instrument on the Cosmic Background Explorer | COBE, the most-precisely measured black body spectrum in nature, the standard error of estimation | error bars are too small to be seen even in enlarged image, and it is impossible to distinguish the observed data from the theoretical curve

Nereus spent over 10 hours at the bottom of the Challenger Deep and measured a depth of at, while sending live video and data back to its mothership RV Kilo Moana at the surface and collecting geological and biological samples from the Challenger Deep bottom with its manipulator arm for further scientific analysis.

The term database system implies that the data is managed to some level of quality ( measured in terms of accuracy, availability, usability, and resilience ) and this in turn often implies the use of a general-purpose database management system ( DBMS ).

The same experimental data shows that time as measured by clocks in a gravitational field — proper time, to give the technical term — does not follow the rules of special relativity.

# lossy data compression: allocates bits needed to reconstruct the data, within a specified fidelity level measured by a distortion function.

These algorithms compute an estimate of the likely distribution of annihilation events that led to the measured data, based on statistical principles.

In engineering ( especially involving data acquisition ) the term parameter sometimes loosely refers to an individual measured item.

It is measured in the same units as the data.

3D data can be measured in the SEM with different methods such as:

The throughput is usually measured in bits per second ( bit / s or bps ), and sometimes in data packets per second or data packets per time slot.

It is important to note that a measurement is only a particular type of interaction where some data is recorded and the measured quantity is forced into a particular eigenstate.

This allows calculating the symmetry-related R-factor, a reliability index based upon how similar are the measured intensities of symmetry-equivalent reflections, thus assessing the quality of the data.

For K-level based transitions, Auger effects are dominant for Z < 15 while for L-and M-level transitions, AES data can be measured for Z ≤ 50.

To determine this curve ( and to define other parameters ) air technical, mechanical as well as electro technical data are measured:

The largest confirmed size for this species was a bull shot at the Yukon River in September 1897 that weighed 820 kg ( 1, 800 lb ) and measured high at the shoulder.

In 1902, Bohuslav Brauner suggested there was an element with properties intermediate between those of the known elements neodymium ( 60 ) and samarium ( 62 ); this was confirmed in 1914 by Henry Moseley who, having measured the atomic numbers of all the elements then known, found there was no element with atomic number 61.

" In 1913 – 1914, Werner Kolhörster confirmed Victor Hess ' earlier results by measuring the increased ionization rate at an altitude of 9 km. Increase of ionization with altitude as measured by Hess in 1912 ( left ) and by Kolhörster ( right ) Hess received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1936 for his discovery.

Modern sirens can reach up to, but not commonly, 135 decibels when measured away from the siren ; the loudest confirmed siren ever produced was the Chrysler Air Raid Siren, producing 138 dB at 100 feet.

Thus, when hyperthyroidism is confirmed, or when blood results are inconclusive, thyroid antibodies should be measured ( almost all patients with Graves ' hyperthyroidism have detectable TSHR-Ab levels ).

One source states that Skene's glands are capable of excreting 30 – 50 mL ( 6 – 10 tsp ) in 30 – 50 seconds, but it is unclear how this was measured and has not been confirmed.

The renormalization group prediction ( cf Stueckelberg-Petermann and Gell-Mann-Low works ) was confirmed 40 years later at the LEP accelerator experiments: the fine structure " constant " of QED was measured to be about 1 / 127 at energies close to 200 GeV, as opposed to the standard low-energy physics value of 1 / 137.

In 1959 it was realized theoretically by Young, and confirmed experimentally by Young and Mueller that the quantity measured in spherical geometry was the distribution of the total energy of the emitted electron ( its " total energy distribution ").

10 mm / y measured by triangulations since the 19th century and confirmed by glaciogemorphological findings as well as by seismological investigations equals the uplift of the Himalaya.

Modern science has since confirmed that there is a correlation between cranium size ( measured in various ways ) and intelligence as measured by IQ tests, although it is a weak correlation at about 0. 2.

Wind gusts near where the hurricane moved ashore reached 100 mph ( 160 km / h ), although it was not confirmed whether the gust was estimated or measured.

This shot was later confirmed by witnesses on both sides and the distance measured at 250 yards.

It was expected that the pressure difference between the two tanks ( measured as high as ) would collapse the common bulkhead separating them, as confirmed in a ground test.

The vehicle in flight test measured aeroballistics, which confirmed values of aerodynamic characteristics such as stability and performance ; propulsion, which ensured the engines could provide enough thrust to propel the vehicle at the correct velocity and trajectory, as well as provide data on on the performance of all eight engines during flight ; structural and mechanical, which provided measurements of the vehicle's stress and vibration levels through all phases of flight ; and guidance and control, which demonstrated that spacecraft systems could accurately provide orientation and velocity information.

They confirmed that he weighed 50 stone ( 700 lb ; 318 kg ), and measured his height as.

For higher values of speaker damping than about 50, actual speaker damping no longer increases in any way that can be confirmed by a double-blind A / B listening test, or measured.

The Draupner wave, a single giant wave measured on New Year's Day 1995, finally confirmed the existence of freak waves, which had previously been considered near-mythical

A Tonks-Girardeau gas was created in 2004, and its measured properties strikingly confirmed Girardeau's original predictions.

This often mentioned solar phenomenon, allegedly occurring in an alignment of two windows in the fortress wall, has not been scientifically surveyed, measured, recorded, or confirmed.

In a study that measured the cephalic index of multiple human populations around the globe, Beals confirmed his hypothesis and concluded that the " value of the cephalic index is positively correlated with the intensity of cold stress and is negatively correlated to the intensity of heat stress.

The resistance path is the total resistance back through the supply transformer therefore to measure this an engineer will use an " Earth fault loop impedance meter ". The application of voltage allows a small current to pass from the socket back through earth to the supply transformer and from the supply transformer back to your domestic fuse board, through that circuit fuse and back to the socket. This resistance is measured in OHM and therefore voltage divided by resistance gives you the current or short circuit current. As mentioned above fuse ratings are graded to ensure the fuse will blow or melt quickly so once you have measured and confirmed fault current a fuse or circuit breaker can be sellected. It should be added that if the socket in question is for use by the home owner for an electric drill or lawn mower or other external device such as electrical equipment in a garage the circuit should always be protected by an RCD to ensure anyone, including children, using that socket gets the extra protection of immediately tripping ,, if a fault occurs, or if you do something out of the ordinary, example cut through the lead while mowing the lawn

The Sommerfeld model predicted that the magnetic moment of an atom measured along an axis will only take on discrete values, a result which seems to contradict rotational invariance but which was confirmed by the Stern – Gerlach experiment.