GPCRs respond to extracellular signals mediated by a huge diversity of agonists, ranging from proteins to biogenic amines to protons, but all transduce this signal via a mechanism of G-protein coupling.

Although the basic mechanism is well established, the capability to predict the onset in present and future devices requires better understanding of the damping mechanisms which determine the threshold island size, and of the mode coupling by which other instabilities ( such as sawteeth in tokamaks ) can generate seed islands.

It is important as the mechanism by which transformers work, but it can also cause unwanted coupling between conductors in a circuit.

Curiously, there is a complex coupling mechanism between the prosoma and opisthosoma.

The underlying mechanism is the coupling of the electromagnetic potential with the complex phase of a charged particle's wavefunction, and the Aharonov – Bohm effect is accordingly illustrated by interference experiments.

Because of a unique coupling to the instanton field of the primordial universe ( the " misalignment mechanism "), an effective dynamical friction is created during the acquisition of mass following cosmic inflation.

Rather than coupling the environment's and the agent's dynamical systems to each other, an “ open dynamical system ” defines a “ total system ”, an “ agent system ”, and a mechanism to relate these two systems.

The reason for the calcium dependence is due to the mechanism of calcium-induced calcium release ( CICR ) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum that must occur under normal excitation-contraction ( EC ) coupling to cause contraction.

SMA ( SubMiniature version A ) connectors are coaxial RF connectors developed in the 1960s as a minimal connector interface for coaxial cable with a screw type coupling mechanism.

A viscous coupling installed instead of a centre differential, with freewheel mechanism to disconnect the driven axle when braking.

The main difference was the addition of a fluid coupling between engine and clutch, and the shifting mechanism.

The cost and weight of the strengthened deck framing and staircase of a double-decker was lower than the cost and weight of the additional axle ( s ) and coupling mechanism of an articulated bus.

The precise mechanism behind neurovascular coupling is currently under active research and furious debate, but roughly the following model has gained consensus:

depends on the donor-to-acceptor separation distance with an inverse 6th power law due to the dipole-dipole coupling mechanism:

They offered a conclusion that the " coupling between surface melting and ice-sheet flow provides a mechanism for rapid, large-scale, dynamic responses of ice sheets to climate warming ".

A coupling ( or a coupler ) is a mechanism for connecting rolling stock in a train.

RKKY stands for Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida and refers to a coupling mechanism of nuclear magnetic moments or localized inner d or f shell electron spins in a metal by means of an interaction through the conduction electrons.

A Coulomb explosion is a mechanism for coupling electronic excitation energy from intense electromagnetic fields into atomic motion.

Another mechanism is coupling taxonomy and folksonomy, where tags associated to galleries and artists are cascaded to the galleries and artist's pictures.

* Rashba effect, a spin-orbit coupling mechanism.

Another mechanistic approach proposes that specifically in aqueous solutions, coupling actually occurs via a radical mechanism rather than a metal-assisted one.

Neurovascular coupling is the mechanism by which cerebral blood flow is matched to metabolic activity.

The proposed mechanism suggests that in the first step, the spectator ligands undergo displacement reaction to produce an activated complex which is converted, via oxidative coupling of an alkyne and an azide to the ruthenium containing metallocyle ( Ruthenacycle ).

Glutamate that is released from the photoreceptors in the dark binds to metabotropic glutamate receptors ( mGluR6 ), which, through a G-protein coupling mechanism, causes non-specific cation channels in the cells to close, thus hyperpolarizing the bipolar cell.

It is not clear whether this system bears any resemblance to the in vivo iodinating mechanism, and a system generating peroxide has not been identified in thyroid tissue.

The mechanism of action of these drugs has not been completely worked out, but certain of them appear to act by reducing the oxidised form of iodine before it can iodinate thyroglobulin ( Astwood, 1954 ).

Merchant has found that the same basic relationships which describe the geometry and force systems in the case of the cutting mechanism can also be applied to the discontinuous chip formation provided the proper values of instantaneous shear angle and instantaneous chip thickness or cross-sectional area are used.

Ampicillin has received FDA approval for its mechanism of action.

Astrology has been criticized for failing to provide a physical mechanism that links the movements of celestial bodies to their purported effects on human behaviour.

It has, since March 2009, also provided the mechanism by which the Bank's policy of quantitative easing ( QE ) is achieved, under the auspices of the MPC.

Cannibalism has also been implicated as a transmission mechanism for abnormal prions, causing the disease known as kuru, once found primarily among women and children of the Fore people in Papua New Guinea.

While the reliability of this mechanism has not yet been studied for all relevant crop species, recent results in tobacco plants are promising, showing a failed containment rate of transplastomic plants at 3 in 1, 000, 000.

A silent instrument missing such a mechanism has traditionally been known as a timepiece.

The 1541-II has the more modern " radial handle " locking mechanism.

In 1963 Friedman and Schwartz proposed a positive feedback loop as a mechanism for catastrophic failures in economics: “ It happens that a liquidity crisis in a unit fractional reserve banking system is precisely the kind of event that trigger-and often has triggered-a chain reaction.

For example, it has been suggested that the central mechanism for consolidation of declarative memory during sleep is the reactivation of hippocampal memory representations.

The consensus in the scientific community is that the Duesberg hypothesis has been refuted by a large and growing mass of evidence showing that HIV causes AIDS, that the amount of virus in the blood correlates with disease progression, that a plausible mechanism for HIV's action has been proposed, and that anti-HIV medication decreases mortality and opportunistic infection in people with AIDS.

This is like Step 1, except it is odd columns ( 3, 5, 7 ) added to even columns ( 2, 4, 6 ), and column one has its values transferred by a sector gear to the print mechanism on the left end of the engine.

This mechanism has made the DNS distributed and fault tolerant and has helped avoid the need for a single central register to be continually consulted and updated.

However, cold fusion by this mechanism has not been generally accepted by the scientific community.

Instead of hinges it has a mechanism, often counterbalanced or sprung, that allows it to be lifted so that it rests horizontally above the opening.

Although neither machine has a built-in disk operating system ( cassette tapes being the default data-storage mechanism in the home computer market at the time ), DragonDOS was supplied as part of the disk controller interface from Dragon Data Ltd.

There has also been an effort to apply this mechanism to social phenomena, whereby population increases result in changes in social structure.

Information economics, which studies such problems, has relevance in subjects such as insurance, contract law, mechanism design, monetary economics, and health care.

Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century.

It has been stated by some researchers that the recruitment and recovery of neurons in the left hemisphere opposed to the recruitment of similar neurons in the right hemisphere is superior for long-term recovery and continued rehabilitation .< ref name =' Heiss '> It is thought that, because the right hemisphere is not intended for full language function, using the right hemisphere as a mechanism of recovery is effectively a " dead-end " and can lead only to partial recovery.