Pathological science, as defined by Langmuir, is a psychological process in which a scientist, originally conforming to the scientific method, unconsciously veers from that method, and begins a pathological process of wishful data interpretation ( see the Observer-expectancy effect, and cognitive bias ).

In such cases, only a very small subset of paths will transport energy ; Metropolis light transport is a method which begins with a random search of the path space, and when energetic paths are found, reuses this information by exploring the nearby space of rays.

In " Rebirth of the Goddess ", Christ establishes some guidelines for method, suggesting that thealogy begins rooted in women's experience ( Christ 1997, pp. 31 – 49 ).

The method begins by calling on a student at random, and asking about a central argument put forth by one of the judges ( typically on the side of the majority ) in an assigned case.

Contrary to this one or any one opinion of any individual surgeon it has been shown that while there is a learning curve for a hand surgeon who begins to use an endoscopic technique to release the transverse carpal ligament no significant safety issues or morbididty associated with the endoscopic method exist.

This is a common method of capoing the fifth string of the banjo, since the string begins at the 5th fret.

The use of the lunar month varies by which culture has utilized the method, the main difference being when the " new " month begins.

Auction drafts are viewed as the more fair method since every owner begins on equal ground.

This method of immunization begins to work very quickly, but it is short lasting, because the antibodies are naturally broken down, and if there are no B cells to produce more antibodies, they will disappear.

This method of group-based, project-oriented learning is applied across all subject areas ( from Computer Science to Sociology ) and begins at the first semester of university.

Writing in 1960, he begins: " Consider a very long sequence of symbols ... We shall consider such a sequence of symbols to be ' simple ' and have a high a priori probability, if there exists a very brief description of this sequence-using, of course, some sort of stipulated description method.

The most common method of preparing Brussels sprouts for cooking begins with removal of the buds from the stalk.

This method begins with a 10 minute surface oxygen evaluation period.

Although this was done by contemporary merchants, it is not recommended that this method be used on ancient coin since the coin could be damaged, especially since over time silver coins can become brittle, if the silver begins to recrystallize.

* Eugène Viollet-le-Duc begins publication of his Entretiens sur l ' architecture in book form, systematizing his approach to architecture and architectural education in a method radically opposed to that of the École des Beaux-Arts, and notable for its use of drawings in axonometric projection.

One method of non-implant breast reconstruction is initiated at the concluding steps of the breast cancer surgery, wherein the oncological surgeon is joined by the reconstructive plastic surgeon, who immediately begins harvesting, refining, and seeding ( injecting ) fat grafts to the post-mastectomy recipient site.

This method begins with initial guesses of all unknown variables ( voltage magnitude and angles at Load Buses and voltage angles at Generator Buses ).

In the traditional method, the eggplant is first roasted in an oven for approximately 30 to 90 minutes ( depending on the size of the eggplant ) until the skin appears almost burnt and the eggplant begins to collapse.

( If two tuples with the same offset but opposite types exist, indicating that one interval ends just as another begins, then a method of deciding which comes first is necessary.

The basic construction method usually begins by digging a trench down to undisturbed mineral subsoil.

The Schrödinger method begins by assigning a Poisson distribution with expected value λt to the number of observations in the interval, the number of observations in non-overlapping subintervals being independent ( see Poisson process ).

The Réti Opening is a hypermodern chess opening whose traditional or classic method begins with the moves:

One practical method of tuning the piano begins with tuning each note of the chromatic scale in the middle range of the piano.

Though he is also concerned with freeing dance from pedestrian modes of activity, Merce Cunningham has selected a very different method for achieving his aim.

In method as well as in theme this little anecdote with its details selected as much for expressiveness and allegory as for `` realism '', anticipates a kind of musical composition, as well as a kind of fictional composition, in which, as Leverkuhn says, `` there shall be nothing unthematic ''.

They, however much they were in disagreement with the late Victorians over the method by which Britain was Germanized, agreed with them that the end result was the complete extinction of the previous Celtic population and civilization.

Beginning with the October 1959 issue of the Journal, the method of production of copy for photo-offset reproduction was changed from varityping to hot typesetting.

This method of computing compression ratio cannot be used accurately for engines that have pistons with either domed or irregularly shaped heads.

Another method of assuring a clean hole is to first drill a small pilot hole all the way through, then drill half way with the dimensional bit, turn the piece over, and finish from the other side.

One simple method of measuring the expansion of the heart is to tie a thin rubber tube, filled with mercury, around the heart and record the change in resistance as the tube is stretched.

And with the shutdown method there will be no argument as to who gets the choice vacation dates.

More unitized lumber is being shipped on flat cars, and NLRDA studies show that flat cars loaded with the new Type 6-B floating-load method can be unloaded for as little as $.054/mbf.

Although the Af calculation is obvious by analogy with that for gravitational field and osmotic pressure, it is interesting to confirm it by a method which can be generalized to include related effects.

In addition to the method described in the section above, chlorine and radiochlorine were prepared by the electrolysis of a Af eutectic on the vacuum line, and by exchange of Af with molten Af.

After drying the sections under the fan, fixing in acetone, and drying at 37-degrees as in the indirect method, the sections were treated with conjugated Af or Af ( undiluted unless mentioned otherwise ) for 5 - 30 minutes.

This conjugate was passed twice through Dowex-2-chloride and treated with various tissue powders in the same manner as described for the indirect method.

In the indirect method, this was evident from the fact that tumor sections were stained light green even when stained with NS and Af or with Af only.

While we had expected that compulsive children in the unstructured school setting would have difficulty when compared to those in the structured, we were surprised to find that the achievement of the high compulsives within the schools where the whole-word method is used in beginning reading compares favorably with that of the low compulsives.

Preparation of a coordination compound is often accomplished by the simple method of reacting a metal salt with a ligand in a suitable solvent such as an alcohol.

Interest remained, however, in the possibility that it would serve as a useful supplementary method for counteracting spoilage losses and for preserving some foods at lower over-all costs than freezing, or without employing heat or chemicals with their attendant taste alterations.

This method of rinsing appears to produce maximum cleansing with minimum soil redeposition.

Another wart removal method was to rub each wart with a bean split open and then to bury the bean halves under the drip of the house for seven days.

But the primitive method of explaining the unknown with what is known bears at least a symbolic resemblance to the methods of modern science.

Of his learning method, Lincoln stated: " I studied with nobody ".

Post hoc tests such as Tukey's range test most commonly compare every group mean with every other group mean and typically incorporate some method of controlling for Type I errors.

Clearly, an evaluation of a user's abilities and requirements is necessary to match a user with the most appropriate AAC method, input approach, and vocabulary.