Schuster's ideas were not a serious theoretical proposal, merely speculation, and like the previous ideas, differed from the modern concept of antimatter in that it possessed negative gravity.

In 1799 Sir George Cayley set forth the concept of the modern airplane as a fixed-wing flying machine with separate systems for lift, propulsion, and control.

The initial concept was known as AppleBus, envisioning a system controlled by the host Macintosh polling " dumb " devices in a fashion similar to the modern Universal Serial Bus.

Now, the more modern concept of doing something " under someone's aegis " means doing something under the protection of a powerful, knowledgeable, or benevolent source.

The concept has existed for centuries and research and development have continued into the modern era.

The modern design of block ciphers is based on the concept of an iterated product cipher.

To facilitate this improvement, IBM utilized the concept of a microprogram ( often called " microcode "), which still sees widespread usage in modern CPUs.

Copyright has grown from a legal concept regulating copying rights in the publishing of books and maps to one with a significant effect on nearly every modern industry, covering such items as sound recordings, films, photographs, software, and architectural works.

But only when a more centralized English monarchy emerged following the Norman invasion, and when the kings of England attempted to assert power over the land and its peoples, did the modern concept emerge, namely of a crime not only as an offence against the " individual ", but also as a wrong against the " State ".

Nonetheless, many of its assumptions, including the model of the body, or concept of disease, are not supported by modern evidence-based medicine.

American media critic Herbert Schiller wrote: " The concept of cultural imperialism today best describes the sum of the processes by which a society is brought into the modern world system and how its dominating stratum is attracted, pressured, forced, and sometimes bribed into shaping social institutions to correspond to, or even promote, the values and structures of the dominating centre of the system.

The conversion of the Conservative Party into a modern mass organisation was accelerated by the concept of Tory Democracy attributed to Lord Randolph Churchill, father of Britain's wartime Prime Minister Winston Churchill.

Many thinkers point to the concept of citizenship beginning in the early city-states of ancient Greece, although others see it as primarily a modern phenomenon dating back only a few hundred years.

The development of the concept of the corporation led to the wealthy supporters of the corporate form becoming suspicious of all unincorporated legal entities, which in turn led to the modern concept of the unincorporated or voluntary association.

Augustine of Hippo in De Civitate Dei writes Si fallor, sum (" If I am mistaken, I am ") ( book XI, 26 ), and also anticipates modern refutations of the concept.

Historian of science Thierry Bardini argues that Engelbart's complex personal philosophy ( which drove all his research ) foreshadowed the modern application of the concept of coevolution to the philosophy and use of technology.

Part Two of Don Quixote is often regarded as the birth of modern literature, as it explores the concept of a character understanding that he is being written about.

There are a number of subcategories of modern deism, including monodeism ( this being the default standard concept of deism ), polydeism, pandeism, panendeism, spiritual deism, process deism, Christian deism, scientific deism, and humanistic deism.

This was the Junior / F12 series based on a modern concept from the late 1950s.

His work contributed to the conceptual revolution that led to the modern evolutionary synthesis of Mendelian genetics, systematics, and Darwinian evolution, and to the development of the biological species concept.

He played an important role in developing the modern concept of the phoneme, greatly advancing the understanding of phonology.

He and his student Theophrastus made extensive observations on plant and animal migrations, biogeography, physiology, and on their behaviour, giving an early analogue to the modern concept of an ecological niche.

Nobel Prize winning economist Milton Friedman argued for the modern concept of vouchers in the 1950s, stating that competition would improve schools and cost efficiency.

Finally, it can be noted that Carl Gustav Jung can be seen as an exponent of esotericism: his writings concern esoteric subject matter such as alchemy, and rephrased the concept of correspondences in a modern, psychologizing terminology in his theory of synchronicity.

Many design features of modern cloth diapers have followed directly from innovations initially developed in disposable diapers, such as the use of the hour glass shape, materials to separate moisture from skin and the use of double gussets, or an inner elastic band for better fit and containment of waste material.

Traditionally, evaporative cooler pads consist of excelsior ( wood wool ) ( aspen wood fiber ) inside a containment net, but more modern materials, such as some plastics and melamine paper, are entering use as cooler-pad media.

This modern state-of-the-art facility houses the NML's Biological Safety Level 4 ( BSL-4 ) containment laboratory, currently Canada's only BSL-4 laboratory.

Recently the facility has been upgraded and secured using the most modern cameras, motion sensors, fences, and biohazard containment systems.

* Lituanus Linguistics Index ( 1955 – 2004 ) provides a number of articles on modern and archaic Baltic languages

A modern definition has been created and provided by the World Union of Deists ( WUD ) that provides a modern understanding of deism:

Faroese language policy provides for the active creation of new terms in Faroese suitable for modern life.

Set theory has come to play the role of a foundational theory in modern mathematics, in the sense that it interprets propositions about mathematical objects ( for example, numbers and functions ) from all the traditional areas of mathematics ( such as algebra, analysis and topology ) in a single theory, and provides a standard set of axioms to prove or disprove them.

Hong Kong makes strenuous law enforcement efforts, but faces serious challenges in controlling transit of heroin and methamphetamine to regional and world markets ; modern banking system provides a conduit for money laundering ; rising indigenous use of synthetic drugs, especially among young people.

The Labyrinth Society provides a locator for modern labyrinths all over the world.

A motherboard ( sometimes alternatively known as the mainboard, system board, planar board or logic board ) is a printed circuit board ( PCB ) found in all modern computers which holds many of the crucial components of the system, such as the central processing unit ( CPU ) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals.

Measure theory provides the foundation for the modern notion of integral, the Lebesgue integral.

Strauss argued that the unavoidable nature of such arms races, which have existed before modern times and led to the collapse of peaceful civilizations, provides us with both an explanation of what is most truly dangerous in Machiavelli's innovations, but also the way in which the aims of his apparently immoral innovation can be understood.

The term " neopagan " provides a means of distinguishing between historical pagans of ancient cultures and the adherents of modern religious movements.

The Ostwald process is a mainstay of the modern chemical industry, and it provides the main raw material for the most common type of fertilizer production.

Telecommunications infrastructure in South Africa provides modern and efficient service to urban areas, including cellular and internet services.

Kerferd provides an example of one widespread modern view of the sophists: “… they were a set of charlatans that appeared in Greece in the fifth century, and earned ample livelihood by imposing on public credulity: professing to teach virtue, they really taught the art of fallacious discourse, and meanwhile propagated immoral practical doctrines .”

The 1986 The Book of Cocktails provides a modern take on Thomas ' 1876 recipe for this long drink :< u > John ( or Tom ) Collins ( 1986 )</ u > ice cubes2 oz.

Dynamic HTML also provides for user interactivity and realtime element updating within web pages ( i. e., pages don't have to be loaded or reloaded to effect any changes ), mainly using the Document Object Model ( DOM ) and JavaScript, support which is built-in to most modern web browsers.

Dedicated ( hardware ) X terminals have become less common ; a PC or modern thin client with an X server typically provides the same functionality at the same, or lower, cost.

Some mathematicians, such as Carl Boyer, hold that Zeno's paradoxes are simply mathematical problems, for which modern calculus provides a mathematical solution.

From x-ray machines to MRI to PET, among many others, medical physics provides most of modern medicine's diagnostic capability along with providing many treatment options.

Since any software that provides services can be called a server, modern personal computers can be seen as a forest of servers and clients operating in parallel.

While desktop publishing software still provides extensive features necessary for print publishing, modern word processors now have publishing capabilities beyond those of many older DTP applications, blurring the line between word processing and desktop publishing.

Each modern IM service generally provides its own client, either a separately installed piece of software, or a browser-based client.

A modern Cartridge ( firearms ) | cartridge consists of the following: 1. the bullet, which serves as the projectile ; 2. the casing ( ammunition ) | case, which holds all parts together ; 3. the propellant, for example gunpowder or cordite ; 4. the rim, which provides the extractor on the firearm a place to grip the casing to remove it from the chamber once fired ; 5. the percussion cap | primer, which ignites the propellant.

Older vehicles can be driven in reverse to subtract mileage, a property that provides the premise for a classic scene late in the comedy film Ferris Bueller's Day Off, but modern odometers add mileage driven in reverse to the total as if driven forward, thereby accurately reflecting the true total wear and tear on the vehicle.