Although the fatty protein molecules, carried in the blood and partly composed of cholesterol, are water soluble, cholesterol itself is insoluble, and cannot be destroyed by the body.

Explains Keys: As the fatty protein molecules travel in the bloodstream, they are deposited in the intima, or inner wall of a coronary artery.

In pure water the majority of molecules exist as H < sub > 2 </ sub > O, but a small number of molecules are constantly dissociating and re-associating.

Although the neutral ground-state chemical compounds of argon are presently limited to HArF, argon can form clathrates with water when atoms of it are trapped in a lattice of the water molecules.

The coordinate systems chosen for atomic orbitals are usually spherical coordinates ( r, θ, φ ) in atoms and cartesians ( x, y, z ) in poly-atomic molecules.

There are typically three mathematical forms for the radial functions R ( r ) which can be chosen as a starting point for the calculation of the properties of atoms and molecules with many electrons.

Although hydrogen-like orbitals are still used as pedagogical tools, the advent of computers has made STOs preferable for atoms and diatomic molecules since combinations of STOs can replace the nodes in hydrogen-like atomic orbital.

Gaussians are typically used in molecules with three or more atoms.

Amino acids (,, or ) are biologically important molecules made from amine (- NH < sub > 2 </ sub >) and carboxylic acid (- COOH ) functional groups, along with a side-chain specific to each amino acid.

Many antibacterial compounds are relatively small molecules with a molecular weight of less than 2000 atomic mass units.

Bacteriocins are peptides that can be more readily engineered than small molecules, and are possible alternatives to conventional antibacterial compounds.

The fragments are then presented on the cell surface in the complex with MHC class I molecules.

Tumor antigens or neoantigens are those antigens that are presented by MHC I or MHC II molecules on the surface of tumor cells.

In this approach, integrated and miniaturized analytical systems are being developed to control and analyze single cells and single molecules.

* Vaporization ( transfer to the gaseous phase ) – the solid particles are converted into gaseous molecules ;

* Atomization – the molecules are dissociated into free atoms ;

In reality, gases are composed of molecules which collide with one another and solid objects.

Further information can be gained by staining slices of brain tissue with a variety of chemicals that bring out areas where specific types of molecules are present in high concentrations.

Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules — although increasingly processes rather than individual molecules are the main focus.

Among the vast number of different biomolecules, many are complex and large molecules ( called biopolymers ), which are composed of similar repeating subunits ( called monomers ).

Gels made from purified agarose have a relatively large pore size, making them useful for separation of large molecules, such as proteins and protein complexes > 200 kilodaltons, as well as DNA fragments > 100 basepairs.

Lipids are usually made from one molecule of glycerol combined with other molecules.

Proteins are very large molecules – macro-biopolymers – made from monomers called amino acids.

Computer simulation of " nano gears " made of Fullerene molecules.

The interior of the nucleus does not contain any membrane-bound subcompartments, its contents are not uniform, and a number of subnuclear bodies exist, made up of unique proteins, RNA molecules, and particular parts of the chromosomes.

For example up to 200, 000 different small molecules might be made in plants, although not all these will be present in the same species, or in a single cell.

Changes in the gas mixture in the atmosphere, even in an atmosphere made up predominantly of the same molecules of Earth's atmosphere, impacts the biochemistry and morphology of life.

Maltose, another notable disaccharide, is made up of two glucose molecules.

The fact that the fluid is made up of discrete molecules is ignored.

* The DNAFET is a specialized FET that acts as a biosensor, by using a gate made of single-strand DNA molecules to detect matching DNA strands.

This is called genetic engineering and was made possible through the discovery of DNA and the creation of the first recombinant DNA molecules by Paul Berg in 1972.

Using an electric field, molecules ( such as DNA ) can be made to move through a gel made of agar or polyacrylamide.

In particle physics, a hadron (, hadrós, " stout, thick ") is a composite particle made of quarks held together by the strong force ( as atoms and molecules are held together by the electromagnetic force ).

Living organisms are extremely complex functional systems that are made up of, at a minimum, many tens of thousands of genes, protein molecules, RNA molecules, small organic compounds, inorganic ions and complexes in an environment that is spatially organized by membranes and, in the case of multicellular organisms, organ systems.

However, the majority of familiar solid substances on Earth, including most of the minerals that make up the crust, mantle, and core of the Earth, contain many chemical bonds, but are not made of identifiable molecules.

The theme of repeated unit-cellular-structure also holds for most condensed phases with metallic bonding, which means that solid metals are also not made of molecules.

This definition often breaks down since many substances in ordinary experience, such as rocks, salts, and metals, are composed of large networks of chemically bonded atoms or ions, but are not made of discrete molecules.

Glycolysis produces only 2 ATP molecules, but somewhere between 30 and 36 ATPs are produced by the oxidative phosphorylation of the 10 NADH and 2 succinate molecules made by converting one molecule of glucose to carbon dioxide and water, while each cycle of beta oxidation of a fatty acid yields about 14 ATPs.

Amylose consists of a linear chain of several hundred glucose molecules and Amylopectin is a branched molecule made of several thousand glucose units ( every chain of 24 – 30 glucose units is one unit of Amylopectin ).

The atoms and molecules are what the universe is made up of and whose origins are at issue.

Antigenic molecules, normally being " large " biological polymers, usually present several surface features that can act as points of interaction for specific antibodies.

Many biological molecules are polymers: in this terminology, monomers are relatively small micromolecules that are linked together to create large macromolecules, which are known as polymers.

This is a simulation of the Brownian motion of a big particle ( dust particle ) that collides with a large set of smaller particles ( molecules of a gas ) which move with different velocities in different random directions.

The field may also be referred to as computational biology, and can be defined as, " conceptualizing biology in terms of molecules and then applying informatics techniques to understand and organize the information associated with these molecules, on a large scale.

In contrast, Biopharmaceuticals are large biological molecules such as proteins that are developed to address targets that cannot easily be addressed by small molecules.

The CJD prion is dangerous because it promotes refolding of native proteins into the diseased state The number of misfolded protein molecules will increase exponentially and the process leads to a large quantity of insoluble protein in affected cells.

* Fluid catalytic cracking, a catalytic process widely used in oil refineries for cracking large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller molecules

When covalent bonds link long chains of atoms in large molecules, however ( as in polymers such as nylon ), or when covalent bonds extend in networks though solids that are not composed of discrete molecules ( such as diamond or quartz or the silicate minerals in many types of rock ) then the structures that result may be both strong and tough, at least in the direction oriented correctly with networks of covalent bonds.

They are very important in computational chemistry for treating large molecules where the full Hartree – Fock method without the approximations is too expensive.

These methods can be applied to proteins and other large biological molecules, and allow studies of the approach and interaction ( docking ) of potential drug molecules ( e. g. and ).

It contains most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes.

Because the nuclear membrane is impermeable to large molecules, nuclear pores are required to allow movement of molecules across the envelope.

Among the most important of its mechanisms is the anabolism, in which different DNA and enzyme-controlled processes result in the production of large molecules such as proteins and carbohydrates from smaller units.

The cell wall also limits the entry of large molecules that may be toxic to the cell.

The cytosol also contains large amounts of macromolecules, which can alter how molecules behave, through macromolecular crowding.