After Columbus, European exploration rapidly accelerated, and many new trade routes were established.

* 2003 – The Treaty of Accession is signed in Athens admitting 10 new member states to the European Union.

Also, the old airfield at Rabasa was closed and air traffic moved to the new El Altet Airport, which made a more convenient and modern facility for charter flights bringing tourists from northern European countries.

Since 1990, Bulgaria has an unstable party system, in the past two decades differently dominated by the post-communist Bulgarian Socialist Party or by the right Union of Democratic Forces and recently by the new right-oriented party-Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria.

By the 18th century an increasing number of new plants had arrived in Europe from newly discovered countries and the European colonies worldwide and a larger number of plants became available for study.

Jenkins argued the necessity for a realignment in British politics, and discussed whether this could be brought about from within the existing Liberal Party, or from a new group driven by European principles of social democracy.

A new identity and culture was born that incorporated elements of the various ethnic groups and of European cultural heritage, resulting in fusions such as the Black church and Black English.

Conversely, Michel de Montaigne's essay " Of cannibals " introduced a new multicultural note in European civilization.

In 1957, the Treaties of Rome established two new communities, and with them two new Councils: the Council of the European Atomic Energy Community ( EAEC ) and the Council of the European Economic Community ( EEC ).

The decline of the Roman infrastructure made it more difficult to field large infantry forces, and during the 4th and 5th centuries cavalry began to take a more dominant role on the European battlefield, also in part made possible by the appearance of new, larger breeds of horses.

In the Age of Exploration, from the 15th century to the 17th century, European cartographers both copied earlier maps ( some of which had been passed down for centuries ) and drew their own based on explorers ' observations and new surveying techniques.

The most successful of the new democracies were those geographically and culturally closest to western Europe, and they are now members or candidate members of the European Union.

La Isabela was abandoned and Santo Domingo became the new capital, and remains the oldest continuously inhabited European city in the Americas.

In the case of Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty and Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater, the American versions were released first, followed by the Japanese versions and then the European versions, with each regional release offering new content not found in the previous one.

Easter eggs are a widely popular symbol of new life in Bulgaria, Poland, Romania, Russia, Ukraine, and other Central European countries ' folk traditions.

In the new system of European routes, it was planned to have been a part of E 55, but it remains in the pre-1992 designation ( E 4 ) within Sweden, because the expenses connected with re-signing this long road portion would be too large.

I pledge to strengthen European Liberalism, support Liberal parties across our continent and build up the ELDR by opening its doors to new members.

As the Community expanded into the Union, the centre-right in the new member states were not necessarily Christian Democrat and the EPP ( European People's Party, the transnational political party founded in 1976 which all group members are now affiliated to ) feared being sidelined.

William Hague hoped to put the issue to rest by negotiating a new arrangement in 1999 by which the parliamentary group would rebrand itself as " EPP-ED ", with the " European Democrat " nomenclature returning after a seven-year hiatus.

The European Public Limited-Liability Company Regulations 2004 came in to force on 8 October and give effect to The European Company Statute Regulation, ( Council Regulation EC no. 2157 / 2001 ) which gives the framework for a new form of company, the European Public Limited-Liability Company or Societas Europaea ( SE ).

The Illinois Commission for Handicapped Children, which for 20 years has had the responsibility of coordinating the services of tax supported and voluntary organizations serving handicapped children, of studying the needs of handicapped children in Illinois, and of promoting more adequate services for them, indeed welcomes this new important resource which will help the people of Illinois toward the goal of providing an education for all of its children.

In order to attract new industries, 15 states or more are issuing tax free bonds to build government owned plants which are leased to private enterprise.

In connection with our continuing development of new and more efficient mill machinery, a sounder U. S. income tax policy on depreciation of production equipment, enabling the mills to charge off the cost of new machines on a more realistic basis, could, if adopted, have favorable effects on Leesona's business in the next few years.

The department apparently intends to make the Rural Roads Authority a revolving fund under which new bonds would be issued every time a portion of the old ones are paid off by tax authorities.

The state is now faced with the immediate question of raising new taxes whether on utilities, real estate or motor vehicles, he said, `` and I challenge Mitchell to tell the people where he stands on the tax issue ''.

Local libraries find, too, that the new plan saves tax dollars because books can be bought through the system, and since the system buys in bulk it is able to obtain larger discounts than would be available to an individual library.

The Athenian politician Aristides would spend the rest of his life occupied in the affairs of the alliance, dying ( according to Plutarch ) a few years later in Pontus, whilst determining what the tax of new members was to be.

It is hoped that this, combined with some tax reforms to encourage domestic and foreign investment in research and development, will bring in additional FDI to new parts of the economy.

The Colorado Baseball Commission, led by banking executive Larry Varnell, was successful in getting Denver voters to approve a 0. 1 percent sales tax to help finance a new baseball stadium.

He introduced an extensive new tax system based on heads ( capita ) and land ( iuga ) and tied to a new, regular census of the Empire's population and wealth.

A new law on private investment provides three to seven-year tax holidays to eligible companies and a four-year exemption from exports tariffs and duties.

In July 1936, stockholders of First National Pictures, Inc. ( primarily Warner Bros .) voted to dissolve the corporation and distribute its assets among the stockholders, in line with a new tax law which provided for tax-free consolidations between corporations.

Calonne initially spent liberally, but he quickly realized the critical financial situation and proposed a new tax code.

This allowed the implementation of a new low tax system which is to take full effect by 2010.

Agenda 2010 had five goals: tax cuts ; labor market deregulation, especially relaxing rules protecting workers from dismissal and setting up Hartz concept job training ; modernizing the welfare state by reducing entitlements ; decreasing bureaucratic obstacles for small businesses ; and providing new low-interest loans to local governments.

The costs of these provisions are offset by a variety of taxes, fees, and cost-saving measures, such as new Medicare taxes for those in high-income brackets, taxes on indoor tanning, cuts to the Medicare Advantage program in favor of traditional Medicare, and fees on medical devices and pharmaceutical companies ; there is also a tax penalty for those who do not obtain health insurance, unless they are exempt due to low income or other reasons.

This group was asked to approve a new land tax that would, for the first time, include a tax on the property of nobles and clergy.

The furor over the income tax caused the resignation of Barrot as prime minister, but a new wine tax also caused protests.

The strategy for introducing the new GST tax was to fill a ' black hole ' in the budget that was created by the introduction of a new 0 / 10 tax that replaced the old tax system that previously exempted foreign investors from corporation tax and levied a 20 % rate on Jersey residents.

Since then, the tariff is calculated by a formula based on various factors such as the number of twist and somersaults, the height, the group etc., and divers are free to submit new combinations.

Perkins ( 1981 ) argues that more important than Bismarck's new tariff on imported grain was the introduction of the sugar beet as a main crop.

The revenue lost by a lower tariff was replaced by a new federal income tax, authorized by the 16th Amendment.

He spoke for a national bank, for internal improvements ( such as harbors, canals and river navigation ) and a protective tariff that would help the industrial Northeast and, especially, pay for the expensive new infrastructure.

However, many of the delegates ' governments did the opposite, starting in 1928 when France passed a new tariff law and quota system.

The new tariff imposed an effective tax rate of 60 % on more than 3, 200 products and materials imported into the United States ," quadrupling previous tariff rates on individual items, but raising the average tariff rate to 19. 2 %, in line with average rates of that day.

McKinley instead became chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee and was responsible for framing a new tariff bill.

The new tariff provisions for wool and woolen goods were exceedingly protectionist.

Lawmakers immediately started drafting new tariff legislation, and in 1894 the Wilson-Gorman Tariff passed which lowered U. S. tariff averages.

Lemass had the two difficult tasks of developing Irish industry behind his new tariff walls, and convincing the conservative Department of Finance to promote state involvement in industry.

A new party, the Country Party ( now the National Party ), was formed, representing farmers who were discontented with the Nationalists ' rural policies, in particular Hughes ' acceptance of a much higher level of tariff protection for Australian industries ( that had expanded during the war ) and his support for price controls on rural produce.

* Autarky a new expression of tariff protectionism ;

A new convention was drafted at the time, creating a " uniform tariff on all imported goods consumed within such union, and an equitable distribution of the duties collected on such goods amongst the parties to such union, and free trade between the colonies and state in respect of all South African products ".

In this treaty, the Canadas were allowed to impose tariff duties more favourable to a foreign country than to Britain, a precedent that was extended by new tariffs in 1859, 1879, and 1887 despite angry demands on the part of British industrialists that these tariffs be disallowed by London.

In late February both a Force Bill, authorizing the President to use military forces against South Carolina, and a new negotiated tariff satisfactory to South Carolina were passed by Congress.

In February 1832 Henry Clay, back in the Senate after a two decades absence, made a three day long speech calling for a new tariff schedule and an expansion of his American System.

In 1962, Congress enacted a directive that jeopardized the status of Poland and Yugoslavia MFN tariff ; however, the directive was delayed until a new one was passed that allowed any countries with MFN to keep the status if the President determines it to be in the national interest

He issued a new currency in record time, computerized the operations of the treasury, instituted the single treasury account, adopted a policy of no-deficit financing, introduced the budget as the central instrument of policy, centralized revenue, reformed the tariff system, and overhauled customs.

It would be the responsibility of the new Revenue-Marine to enforce the tariff and all other maritime laws.

The Liberals were returned to power once again in 1845 to formed a cabinet, and managed to enact several programs: a protectionist tariff ( 1844 ), electoral reforms that extended suffrage and reduced the number of electors ( 1846 ), and the creation of a new office, president of the Council of Ministers ( 1847 ).

MVNO models mean lower operational costs for mobile operators ( billing, sales, customer service, marketing ), help fight churn, grow average revenue per user by providing new applications and tariff plans and also can help with difficult issues like how to deal with fixed-mobile convergence by allowing MVNOs to try out more experimental projects and applications.