The flower has long been associated with human manner, as one man cleverly stated: “ Nature sports as much with the colours of this little flower as she does with the features of the human countenance .” The pansy ’ s particular connection to human thought and emotion is mirrored in one Dr. Evan ’ s poems, where he captures the whimsical, yet deep emotional roots of the pansy ’ s symbolism: “ Pied Pansy ,-once a vestal fair / In Cerestrain ,-now droops-/ Stained by the bolt of love her purple breast ,/ And ‘ freaked with jet ’ her party-colored vest ”.

Unfortunately, the people ’ s cows were starving due to the ruined fields, so the pansy prayed to give up her perfume.

Here is a word of advice when you go shopping for your pansy seeds.

The pansy is a group of large-flowered hybrid plants cultivated as garden flowers.

Thus Viola cornuta is correctly referred to as a pansy.

However, modern horticulturalists tend to use the term " pansy " for those multi-coloured large-flowered hybrids that are grown for bedding purposes every year, while " viola " is usually reserved for smaller, more delicate annuals and perennials.

The pansy flower is two to three inches in diameter and has two slightly overlapping upper petals, two side petals, and a single bottom petal with a slight beard emanating from the flower's center.

Stem rot, also known as pansy sickness, is a soil-borne fungus and a possible hazard with unsterilized animal manure.

In Scandinavia, Scotland, and German-speaking countries, the pansy ( or its wild parent Viola tricolor ) is or was known as the Stepmother ( Flower ).

In Italy the pansy is known as flammola ( little flame ), and in Hungary it is known as árvácska ( small orphan ).

In Israel, the pansy is known as the " Amnon v ' Tamar ", or Amnon and Tamar, after the biblical characters ( II Samuel 13 ).

In some countries of Spanish language, the pansy is known as " Pensamiento " or " Trinitaria ".

Another name for the pansy is that of “ herb trinity ,” with its three colorful petals acting as symbols for the Holy Trinity.

The name ' pansy ' is derived from the French word pensée meaning " thought ", and was so named because the flower resembles a human face ; in August it nods forward as if deep in thought.

The shape of the petals, in particular its resemblance to the human face, it is not surprising that the pansy would come to be associated with deep contemplation.

One man wrote in The Argosy: “ With its own symbolic meaning of thought, the pansy is also somewhat endued with a soft shadow, not necessarily of grief, but solemn and quiet, indeed grave, as thought should be .”

* The pansy is used in phytotherapy.

* The pansy is the symbol of Freethought.

In horticulture the term " pansy " is normally used for those multi-coloured, large-flowered cultivars which are raised annually or biennially from seed and used extensively in bedding.

The pansy is the long-established and enduring symbol of freethought, its usage inaugurated in the literature of the American Secular Union in the late 1800s.

The most popular flower in the city is the pansy, which is also the city's official flower.

Some unrelated species, such as the Pansy Monkeyflower, also have " pansy " in their name.

Young American settlers also made pansy dolls by lining up the pansy flower “ faces ”, pasting on leaf skirts and twig arms to complete the figures.

It has been introduced into North America, where it has spread widely, and is known as the johnny jump up ( though this name is also applied to similar species such as the yellow pansy ).

** Viola cornuta, also known as the tufted pansy

** Viola bicolor, also known as the American field pansy

If the boy is a pansy which has pejorative connotations of cowardice or homosexuality, the man may be intolerant or overly judgemental but the victim is also presented in a less sympathetic way.

A honeyflower and a pansy left by a lover for his beloved means " I am thinking of our forbidden love ".

Frustrated by the lack of openly gay musicians in independent rock, Jon Ginoli formed Pansy Division ( the name itself a pun on Panzer division and the word " pansy ") in San Francisco in early 1991.

Long before cultivated pansies were released into the trade in 1839, V. tricolor was associated with thought in the " language of flowers ", often by its alternative name of pansy ( from the French " pensée "-thought ): hence Ophelia's often quoted line in Shakespeare's Hamlet, " There's pansies, that's for thoughts ".

Viola arvensis is a species of violet known by the common name field pansy.

The modern garden pansy was developed by William Thompson, Lord Gambier's gardener at Iver, Buckinghamshire, in hybrids of Viola tricolor with other violas, in the years following 1813 / 14.

The wild pansy is known by many names-Heartsease, Love-in-Idleness, Johnny Jump Up, and many others.

The Freedom From Religion Foundation ( FFRF ) uses the pansy symbol extensively in its lapel pins and literature.

The AMPAS was originally conceived by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studio boss Louis B. Mayer as a professional honorary organization to help improve the film industry ’ s image and help mediate labor disputes.

The International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences defines psychological altruism as " a motivational state with the goal of increasing another ’ s welfare ".

Psychological altruism is contrasted with psychological egoism, which refers to the motivation to increase one ’ s own welfare.

One way is a sincere expression of Christian love, " motivated by a powerful feeling of security, strength, and inner salvation, of the invincible fullness of one ’ s own life and existence ".

Another way is merely " one of the many modern substitutes for love, ... nothing but the urge to turn away from oneself and to lose oneself in other people ’ s business.

* David Firestone-When Romney ’ s Reach Exceeds His Grasp-Mitt Romney quotes the song

" Swift extends the metaphor to get in a few jibes at England ’ s mistreatment of Ireland, noting that " For this kind of commodity will not bear exportation, and flesh being of too tender a consistence, to admit a long continuance in salt, although perhaps I could name a country, which would be glad to eat up our whole nation without it.

George Wittkowsky argued that Swift ’ s main target in A Modest Proposal was not the conditions in Ireland, but rather the can-do spirit of the times that led people to devise a number of illogical schemes that would purportedly solve social and economic ills.

In response, Swift ’ s Modest Proposal was " a burlesque of projects concerning the poor ", that were in vogue during the early 18th century.

Critics differ about Swift ’ s intentions in using this faux-mathematical philosophy.

Charles K. Smith argues that Swift ’ s rhetorical style persuades the reader to detest the speaker and pity the Irish.

Swift ’ s specific strategy is twofold, using a " trap " to create sympathy for the Irish and a dislike of the narrator who, in the span of one sentence, " details vividly and with rhetorical emphasis the grinding poverty " but feels emotion solely for members of his own class.

Swift ’ s use of gripping details of poverty and his narrator ’ s cool approach towards them create " two opposing points of view " that " alienate the reader, perhaps unconsciously, from a narrator who can view with ' melancholy ' detachment a subject that Swift has directed us, rhetorically, to see in a much less detached way.

Once the children have been commodified, Swift ’ s rhetoric can easily turn " people into animals, then meat, and from meat, logically, into tonnage worth a price per pound ".

Swift uses the proposer ’ s serious tone to highlight the absurdity of his proposal.

In making his argument, the speaker uses the conventional, text book approved order of argument from Swift ’ s time ( which was derived from the Latin rhetorician Quintilian ).

James Johnson argued that A Modest Proposal was largely influenced and inspired by Tertullian ’ s Apology: a satirical attack against early Roman persecution of Christianity.

Johnson notes Swift ’ s obvious affinity for Tertullian and the bold stylistic and structural similarities between the works A Modest Proposal and Apology.

He reminds readers that " there is a gap between the narrator ’ s meaning and the text ’ s, and that a moral-political argument is being carried out by means of parody ".