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The paradox is most notably recorded by Plutarch in Life of Theseus from the late 1st century.
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At the same time, I am aware that my recoil could be interpreted by readers of the tea leaves at the bottom of my psyche as an incestuous sign, since theirs is a science of paradox: if one hates, they say it is because one loves ; ;
It is an understandable paradox that most American history and most American literature is today written from an essentially egocentric and isolationistic point of view at the very time America is spreading her dominion over palm and pine.
The pattern here pictured is clearly not peculiar to Notre Dame: it is simply that the paradox involved in this kind of control of the institution by `` the organization which actually owns '' it, becomes more obvious where there is a larger and more distinguished `` outside '' faculty.
The paradox implicit in the whole affair is shown by the demand of the government, after the conviction, that General Electric sign a wide-open consent decree that it would not reduce prices so low as to compete seriously with its fellows.
The statement also points to a classic paradox: The more men turn toward God, who is not only in himself the paradigm of all unity but also the only ground on which human unity can ultimately be established, the more men splinter into groups and set themselves apart from one another.
The source of this paradox is not difficult to identify.
The technique of reality confusion -- the use of paradox and riddles to shake the mind's grip on reality -- originated with fourth and third century B.C. Chinese Quietism: the koan is not basically a new device.
Swift also recognizes the implications of such a fact in making mercantilist philosophy a paradox: the wealth of a country is based on the poverty of the majority of its citizens.
One example is the Banach – Tarski paradox which says that it is possible to decompose (" carve up ") the 3-dimensional solid unit ball into finitely many pieces and, using only rotations and translations, reassemble the pieces into two solid balls each with the same volume as the original.
For example, the Banach – Tarski paradox is neither provable nor disprovable from ZF alone: it is impossible to construct the required decomposition of the unit ball in ZF, but also impossible to prove there is no such decomposition.
This feature is known as the archer's paradox.
This is related to Cesare Burali-Forti's " paradox " that there can be no greatest ordinal number.
A paradox in metabolism is that, while the vast majority of complex life on Earth requires oxygen for its existence, oxygen is a highly reactive molecule that damages living organisms by producing reactive oxygen species.
If nature cannot err, then there are no paradoxes in it ; to Hobbes, the paradox is a form of the absurd, which is inconsistency: " Natural sense and imagination, are not subject to absurdity " and " For error is but a deception ...
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The most discomforting aspect of this paradox is that the effect is instantaneous so that something that happens in one galaxy could cause an instantaneous change in another galaxy.
The first paradox ( the Liar ) is probably the most famous, and is similar to the famous paradox of Epimenides the Cretan.
While numerous theories and principles are related to the Fermi paradox, the most closely related is the Drake equation.
In addition to Moore's own work on the paradox, the puzzle also inspired a great deal of work by Ludwig Wittgenstein, who described the paradox as the most impressive philosophical insight that Moore had ever introduced.
The most common consequences of paradox include physical damage directly to the Mage's body, and paradox flaws, magic-like effects which can for example turn the mage's hair green, make him mute, make him incapable of leaving a certain location, and so on.
As for the Hobbesians, Singer attempts a response in the final chapter of Practical Ethics, arguing that self-interested reasons support adoption of the moral point of view, such as ' the paradox of hedonism ', which counsels that happiness is best found by not looking for it, and the need most people feel to relate to something larger than their own concerns.
He produced a series of objections to the theory, the most famous of which has become known as the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox.
Warren Farrell has created a number of words and phrases, such as ' success object ', ' genetic celebrity ', ' pay paradox ', ' from role mate to soul mate ', ' death professions ', ' glass cellar ', ' financial womb ', ' the three-option woman and the no-option man ', ' men's ABC rights ', ' the disposable sex ', and most recently ' iSocial '.
The " Chicken or the Egg " paradox is perhaps the most well-known strange loop problem.
Kripke writes that this paradox is " the most radical and original skeptical problem that philosophy has seen to date.
Whilst most commentators accept that the Philosophical Investigations contains the rule-following paradox as Kripke presents it, few have concurred with Kripke when he attributes a skeptical solution to Wittgenstein.
The most famous examples are perhaps Russell's paradox, the first of Gödel's incompleteness theorems, and Turing's answer to the Entscheidungsproblem.
However, most traditional bows are not center-shot and the arrow has to deflect around the handle in the archer's paradox ; such bows tend to give most consistent results with a narrower range of arrow spine that allows the arrow to deflect correctly around the bow.
The paradox can be solved by mass transfer: when the more massive star became a subgiant, it filled its Roche lobe, and most of the mass was transferred to the other star, which is still in the main sequence.
Indeed, as Gerhart and Kirschner have noted, there is an apparent paradox: " where we most expect to find variation, we find conservation, a lack of change ".
The economic history of Argentina is one of the most studied, owing to the " Argentine paradox ", its unique condition as a country which had achieved advanced development in the early 20th century but experienced a reversal, which inspired a wealth of literature and analyses on the causes of this decline.
He reflected on the paradox that tropical coral reefs, which are among the richest and most diverse ecosystems on earth, flourish surrounded by tropical ocean waters that provide hardly any nutrients.
His work on the liar paradox has been most recently studied by Paul Spade and Stephen Read ( for which see Spade's entry in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, which offers a brief exposition ).
However, paradox is probably the most important modernist idea against which postmodernism reacts.
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The Ship of Theseus, also known as Theseus ' paradox, or various variants, notably grandfather's axe and ( in the UK ) Trigger's Broom ( based upon the BBC sitcom Only Fools and Horses ) is a paradox that raises the question of whether an object which has had all its component parts replaced remains fundamentally the same object.
Somewhere in his life ( perhaps set after the events of Snakedance ) he crashed his TARDIS into the TARDIS of the Tenth Doctor and consequently nearly opened a " Belgium sized " black hole because of the paradox caused, which the Tenth Doctor also uses to explain the notably aged appearance of his former self.
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CE in the works of Alexander of Aphrodisias to the first recorded Western debate over determinism and freedom, an issue that is known in theology as the paradox of free will.
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For it had turned out, by a further paradox of Cubism, that the means to an illusion of depth and plasticity had now become widely divergent from the means of representation or imaging.
* Bertrand's paradox: a paradox in classical probability, solved by E. T.
The Berry paradox is a self-referential paradox arising from the expression " the smallest possible integer not definable by a given number of words ".
This is a paradox: there must be an integer defined by this expression, but since the expression is self-contradictory ( any integer it defines is definable in under eleven words ), there cannot be any integer defined by it.
The notion of infinitesimally small quantities had previously been discussed extensively by the Eleatic School, but nobody had been able to put them on a firm logical basis, with paradoxes such as Zeno's paradox occurring that had not been resolved to universal satisfaction.
Eureka: A Prose Poem, an essay written in 1848, included a cosmological theory that presaged the Big Bang theory by 80 years, as well as the first plausible solution to Olbers ' paradox.
In many-worlds, the subjective appearance of wavefunction collapse is explained by the mechanism of quantum decoherence, which resolves all of the correlation paradoxes of quantum theory, such as the EPR paradox and Schrödinger's cat, since every possible outcome of every event defines or exists in its own " history " or " world ".
The Epimenides paradox appears explicitly in " Mathematical Logic as Based on the Theory of Types ", by Bertrand Russell, in the American Journal of Mathematics, volume 30, number 3 ( July, 1908 ), pages 222 – 262, which opens with the following:
Typical of these references is Gödel, Escher, Bach by Douglas Hofstadter, which accords the paradox a prominent place in a discussion of self-reference.
Work on " Skilled Memory and Expertise " by Anders Ericsson and James J. Staszewski confronts the paradox of expertise and claims that people not only acquire content knowledge as they practice cognitive skills, they also develop mechanisms that enable them to use a large and familiar knowledge base efficiently.
The paradox is further extended when one considers that – despite his claims of spiritual authority over Philemon – Paul frames himself – and, by extension, both Philemon and Onesimus – as fellow bondservants of Christ, who being their spiritual master, is also their brother and equal.
The EPR paradox has deepened our understanding of quantum mechanics by exposing the fundamentally non-classical characteristics of the measurement process.
Such explanations, which are still encountered in popular expositions of quantum mechanics, are debunked by the EPR paradox, which shows that a " measurement " can be performed on a particle without disturbing it directly, by performing a measurement on a distant entangled particle.
As illustrated by d ' Alembert's paradox, a body in an inviscid fluid will experience no drag force.
A more detailed examination of the implications of the topic began with a paper by Michael H. Hart in 1975, and it is sometimes referred to as the Fermi – Hart paradox.
There have been attempts to resolve the Fermi paradox by locating evidence of extraterrestrial civilizations, along with proposals that such life could exist without human knowledge.
The first aspect of the paradox, " the argument by scale ", is a function of the raw numbers involved: there are an estimated 200 – 400 billion ( 2 – 4 × 10 < sup > 11 </ sup >) stars in the Milky Way and 70 sextillion ( 7 × 10 < sup > 22 </ sup >) in the visible universe.
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