For example, in the presence of H < sub > 2 </ sub > O < sub > 2 </ sub > formed by the eosinophil, and either chloride or bromide ions, eosinophil peroxidase provides a potent mechanism by which eosinophils kill multicellular parasites ( such as, for example, the nematode worms involved in filariasis ); and also certain bacteria ( such as tuberculosis bacteria ).

In the presence of a chemical gradient bacteria will chemotax, or direct their overall motion based on the gradient.

Commonly, this term is used to refer specifically to infectious diseases, which are clinically evident diseases that result from the presence of pathogenic microbial agents, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multicellular organisms, and aberrant proteins known as prions.

An infection that does not and will not produce clinically evident impairment of normal functioning, such as the presence of the normal bacteria and yeasts in the gut, is not considered a disease ; by contrast, an infection that is asymptomatic during its incubation period, but expected to produce symptoms later, is usually considered a disease.

Interferons ( IFNs ) are proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, parasites or tumor cells.

For example, a food sample might be analyzed on three different nutrient mediums designed to indicate the presence of " total " bacteria ( conditions where many, but not all, bacteria grow ), molds ( conditions where the growth of bacteria is prevented by, e. g., antibiotics ) and coliform bacteria ( these indicate a sewage contamination ).

Many bacteria cease production of the enzyme in the presence of oxygen.

The protein content of peroxisomes varies across species, but the presence of proteins common to many species has been used to suggest an endosymbiotic origin ; that is, peroxisomes evolved from bacteria that invaded larger cells as parasites, and very gradually evolved a symbiotic relationship.

In January 2006, researchers from the University of Athens analyzed teeth recovered from a mass grave underneath the city, and confirmed the presence of bacteria responsible for typhoid.

Thus, presence of high levels of peptidoglycan is the primary determinant of the characterisation of bacteria as gram-positive.

In 1880, the presence of Rhizobium bacteria in the roots of legumes and their use of catalysts explained the increase of nitrogen in soils so cultivated.

In some arthropods, sex is determined by infection, as when bacteria of the genus Wolbachia alter their sexuality ; some species consist entirely of ZZ individuals, with sex determined by the presence of Wolbachia.

The ability to transform daidzein into S-equol is based on the presence of certain intestinal bacteria.

The presence of melanin in the archaea and bacteria kingdoms is an issue of ongoing debate among researchers in the field.

The medical industry also uses the blood of horseshoe crabs as a test for the presence of contaminant bacteria.

The presence of bacteria in the colon produces an ‘ organ ’ of intense, mainly reductive, metabolic activity, whereas the liver is oxidative.

Tooth decay is caused by certain types of acid-producing bacteria which cause the most damage in the presence of fermentable carbohydrates such as sucrose, fructose, and glucose.

In the presence of oxygen ( aerobic ), some bacteria may directly oxidize iron to iron oxides and hydroxides, other bacteria oxidize sulfur and produce sulfuric acid causing biogenic sulfide corrosion.

According to Gold and the Soviet geologists who originated the abiogenic theory, bacteria feeding on the oil accounts for the presence of biological debris in hydrocarbon fuels, obviating the need to resort to a biogenic theory for the origin of the latter.

But his is still a simple life relatively free of the female presence or influence, and he must go far, even though he may go fast, for sophisticated pleasures.

While both sexes state that kindness is the most preferable trait in a partner there is some evidence that men place less value on this than women and that women may not be more altruistic in presence of an attractive man.

The presence of a particular species in an area may be more easily discerned by its characteristic call than by a fleeting glimpse of the animal itself.

* Pronunciation of individual words may change according to the presence of surrounding words in a sentence ( sandhi ).

Affidavits from persons who are dead or otherwise incapacitated, or who cannot be located or made to appear may be accepted by the court, but usually only in the presence of corroborating evidence.

If this etymology is combined with the tradition reported by Geoffrey of Monmouth stating that Ambrosius Aurelianus ordered the building of Stonehenge – which is located within the parish of Amesbury ( and where Ambrosius was supposedly buried ) – and with the presence of an Iron Age hill fort also in that parish, then it may be tempting to connect Ambrosius with Amesbury.

The sentencing court may, of necessity, consider a broad range of information, including the evidence of the crime, the defendant's criminal history and the demeanor of the defendant, including the presence or absence of remorse.

Although aluminium has a low gastrointestinal absorption, accumulation may occur mainly in the presence of renal insufficiency.

Development of the optical system is highly dependent on the presence of melanin, and the reduction or absence of this pigment in albinistic individuals may lead to

White spots are sometimes present below the eyes, and there may be white markings on the legs and back ; the absence or presence of these white markings may be indicative of distinct races.

The southern part of Accrington, the township of New Accrington, was formerly in the Forest of Blackburnshire and the presence of oak trees may be inferred from local place names like Broad Oak and Oak Hill.

Effects such as superposition of differing ions with multiple electrons removed, or through the presence of complex species formation during evaporation may cause two or more species to have sufficiently close time-of-flights to make definitive identification impossible.

Osteoporosis is most common in women after the menopause, when it is called postmenopausal osteoporosis, but may develop in men and premenopausal women in the presence of particular hormonal disorders and other chronic diseases or as a result of smoking and medications, specifically glucocorticoids, when the disease is called steroid-or glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis ( SIOP or GIOP ).

The aroma is intensely malty, with some toasty notes, and possibly some alcohol presence as well ; darker versions may have a chocolate-like or fruity aroma.

It has been argued that firearms residue on some deceased may have come from contact with the soldiers who themselves moved some of the bodies, or that the presence of lead on the hands of one ( James Wray ) was easily explained by the fact that his occupation involved the use of lead-based solder.

In the presence of " communication noise " on the transmission channel ( air, in this case ), reception and decoding of content may be faulty, and thus the speech act may not achieve the desired effect.

God is believed to be infinite and God's presence may be perceived through the actions of Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit.

Carbon may also burn vigorously and brightly in the presence of air at high temperatures, as in the Windscale fire, which was caused by sudden release of stored Wigner energy in the graphite core.

The Aro Confederacy of Nigeria may have had presence in western ( later called British ) Cameroon due to migration in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Bruno Latour suggests that the widespread popularity of conspiracy theories in mass culture may be due, in part, to the pervasive presence of Marxist-inspired critical theory and similar ideas in academia since the 1970s.

Generally, direct seeding into a compost is not recommended due to the speed with which it may dry and the possible presence of phytotoxins that may inhibit germination, and the possible tie up of nitrogen by incompletely decomposed lignin.

A Venerable has as of yet no feast day, no churches may be built in his or her honor, and the church has made no statement on the person's probable or certain presence in heaven, but prayer cards and other materials may be printed to encourage the faithful to pray for a miracle wrought by his or her intercession as a sign of God's will that the person be canonized.