Most cement kilns today use coal and petroleum coke as primary fuels, and to a lesser extent natural gas and fuel oil.

Coal lost its rank as Switzerland's primary energy source, as other fossil fuels such as crude and refined oil and natural and refined gas imports increased.

It was estimated by the Energy Information Administration that in 2007 primary sources of energy consisted of petroleum 36. 0 %, coal 27. 4 %, natural gas 23. 0 %, amounting to an 86. 4 % share for fossil fuels in primary energy consumption in the world.

JBEI ’ s primary scientific mission is to advance the development of the next generation of biofuels – liquid fuels derived from the solar energy stored in plant biomass.

Carbon dioxide is a primary building material for plant tissue and is required to make plants grow fast and strong, so presumably higher levels of in the air as a result of burning fossil fuels would make forests grow faster.

The uranium, thorium or plutonium nuclear fuels are in the form of a ceramic ( usually oxides or carbides ) contained within spherical pebbles a little smaller than the size of a tennis ball and made of pyrolytic graphite, which acts as the primary neutron moderator.

Methanol and Ethanol fuel are primary sources of energy ; they are convenient fuels for storing and transporting energy.

Note that coal, oil and natural gas are primary energy sources which are extracted from the earth ( fossil fuels ).

The primary energy source would need no longer travel with the vehicle, as it currently does with hydrocarbon fuels.

With the primary purpose of hydroelectric power generation, the dam fuels four power stations, totaling the installed capacity to, generating approximately annually, enough to power 400, 000 Swiss households.

More recently, colza has been cultivated in Europe as an ingredient for biodiesel fuels, and is the primary source of biodiesel in Germany.

Despite this loss, Tarakan crude oil ( mixed with lesser quantities of Manchurian oil shale distillates ) became the primary feedstock for Japanese diesel fuel in 1942 while reserve supplies of California crude oil remained the primary feedstock for Japanese gasoline and residual fuels until 1943.

In countries where automobiles and / or fuels are prohibitively expensive, the motorized bicycle has enjoyed continued popularity as a primary mode of transportation.

The primary reason for the abandonment of the `` shore occupied by '' thesis has been the assimilation and accumulation of archaeological evidence, the most striking feature of early English studies in this century.

If the Department of State is to take primary responsibility for foreign policy in Washington, it follows that the ambassador is expected to take charge overseas.

In 1960 one-quarter of the 92.5 million recreation visits to the National Forests and Grasslands were for the primary purpose of hunting and fishing.

For this reason, the more uncertain skywave service was denominated `` secondary '' in our rules, as compared to the steadier, more reliable groundwave `` primary service '', and, for both skywave service and skywave interference, signal strength is expressed in terms of percentage of time a particular signal-intensity level is exceeded -- 50 percent of the time for skywave service, 10 percent of the time for skywave interference.

Here the reasonable mastery of the elements of administration can do much to free a president for his primary role.

In the primary decomposition theorem, it is not necessary that the vector space V be finite dimensional, nor is it necessary for parts ( A ) and ( B ) that P be the minimal polynomial for T.

Though there is obviously great need for continued experimentation with various types of short-term intervention to further efforts in developing an operational definition of prevention at the secondary -- or perhaps, in some instances, primary -- level, the place of short-term intervention has already been documented by a number of investigators in a wide variety of settings.

As stated in Seaboard and numerous other cases, the two primary reasons for the enactment of section 203 of the United States Code were to prevent the Government from having to deal with more than one claimant and to prevent the assignment of meretricious claims on a contingent-fee basis.

Probably the primary reason for special treatment of a net operating loss carryover is the unique opportunity it presents for tax avoidance.

One is the primary purpose for which marriage exists, namely, the continuance of the race through the gift and heritage of children ; ;

`` The primary objective of non-violence '', writes the outstanding Mennonite ethicist, `` is not peace, or obedience to the divine will, but rather certain desired social changes, for personal, or class, or national advantage ''.

He will be succeeded by Ivan Allen Jr., who became a candidate in the Sept. 13 primary after Mayor Hartsfield announced that he would not run for reelection.

In his only attack on the Republicans, Hughes said, `` The three Republican candidates for governor are tripping over their feet for popular slogans to win the primary.

Calling the Democrats the `` party that lives, breathes and thinks for the good of the people '', Hughes asked, `` a representative Democratic vote in the primary for a springboard toward victory in November ''.

Some Democratic district and county leaders are reported trying to induce State Controller Arthur Levitt of Brooklyn to oppose Mr. Wagner for the Mayoral nomination in the Sept. 7 Democratic primary.

Although the primary mathematical properties of the middle number at the center of the Lo Shu, and the interrelation of all the other numbers to it, might seem enough to account for the deep fascination which the Lo Shu held for the Old Chinese philosophers, this was actually only a beginning of wonders.

Lincoln adhered to the Whig theory of the presidency, which gave Congress primary responsibility for writing the laws while the Executive enforced them.

Kant is not generally considered to be a modern anthropologist, however, as he never left his region of Germany nor did he study any cultures besides his own, and in fact, describes the need for anthropology as a corollary field to his own primary field of philosophy.

The primary cell wall of most plant cells is semi-permeable and permits the passage of small molecules and small proteins, with size exclusion estimated to be 30-60 kDa.

The walls of cork cells in the bark of trees are impregnated with suberin, and suberin also forms the permeability barrier in primary roots known as the Casparian strip.

Apart from infections, there are some other diseases where impaired chemotaxis is the primary etiological factor, as in Chediak-Higashi syndrome where giant intracellular vesicles inhibit normal migration of cells.

Fuel cells are used for primary and backup power for commercial, industrial and residential buildings and in remote or inaccessible areas.

In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra-and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers.

Most cancers that start in lung, known as primary lung cancers, are carcinomas that derive from epithelial cells.

The primary result of mitosis is the transferring of the parent cell's genome into two daughter cells.

Included in the follicles are the cumulus oophorus, membrana granulosa ( and the granulosa cells inside it ), corona radiata, zona pellucida, and primary oocyte.

* Specialised cell – cell communication pathways known as plasmodesmata, pores in the primary cell wall through which the plasmalemma and endoplasmic reticulum of adjacent cells are continuous.

Parenchyma cells have thin, permeable primary walls enabling the transport of small molecules between them, and their cytoplasm is responsible for a wide range of biochemical functions such as nectar secretion, or the manufacture of secondary products that discourage herbivory.

* Collenchyma cells – collenchyma cells are alive at maturity and have only a primary wall.

The primary wall lacks lignin that would make it tough and rigid, so this cell type provides what could be called plastic support – support that can hold a young stem or petiole into the air, but in cells that can be stretched as the cells around them elongate.

The cells develop an extensive secondary cell wall that is laid down on the inside of the primary cell wall.

Xylem tracheids are pointed, elongated xylem cells, the simplest of which have continuous primary cell walls and lignified secondary wall thickenings in the form of rings, hoops, or reticulate networks.

The epidermal cells of the primary shoot are thought to be the only plant cells with the biochemical capacity to synthesize cutin.

Notable among these are the stomatal guard cells, glandular and clothing hairs or trichomes, and the root hairs of primary roots.

Glycogen serves as the secondary long-term energy storage in animal and fungal cells, with the primary energy stores being held in adipose tissue.

The first product of transcription differs in prokaryotic cells from that of eukaryotic cells, as in prokaryotic cells the product is mRNA, which needs no post-transcriptional modification, whereas, in eukaryotic cells, the first product is called primary transcript, that needs post-transcriptional modification ( capping with 7-methyl-guanosine, tailing with a poly A tail ) to give hnRNA ( heterophil nuclear RNA ).

However, some cell lines — in particular, primary cultures of quiescent and differentiated cells such as thymocytes and neurons — are prevented from undergoing apoptosis on exposure to proteasome inhibitors.