Pythagoras believed that behind the appearance of things, there was the permanent principle of mathematics, and that the forms were based on a transcendental mathematical relation.

Contemporary opponents of majoritarianism ( arguably the principle behind Athenian democracy ) call it an illiberal regime ( in contrast to liberal democracy ) that allegedly leads to anomie, balkanization, and xenophobia.

This is the principle behind the electric generator.

That said, the basic principle behind firearm operation remains unchanged to this day.

Robert Noyce credited Kurt Lehovec of Sprague Electric for the principle of p-n junction isolation caused by the action of a biased p-n junction ( the diode ) as a key concept behind the IC.

This is known as the Pauli exclusion principle, and it is the fundamental reason behind the chemical properties of atoms and the stability of matter.

The basic principle behind observance of this vow lies in the fact that life changes.

The reasoning behind the food rules are obscure ; for the rest the guiding principle seems to be that all these conditions involve a loss of " life force ", usually but not always blood.

However, she argues this a distortion of " a healthy relationship of mutual submission " actually specified in Christian doctrine where " ove is based on a deep, mutual respect as the guiding principle behind all decisions, actions, and plans ".

This aspect of electromagnetic induction is the operating principle behind many electric generators: for example, a rotating bar magnet creates a changing magnetic field, which in turn generates an electric field in a nearby wire.

The principle behind cold cathode version is the same, except that electrons are produced in the discharge of a high voltage.

The physics principle behind orbital resonance is similar in concept to pushing a child on a swing, where the orbit and the swing both have a natural frequency, and the other body doing the " pushing " will act in periodic repetition to have a cumulative effect on the motion.

This is the principle behind the liquid mirror telescope.

The guiding principle behind settlement was that of systematic colonisation, a theory espoused by Edward Gibbon Wakefield that was later employed by the New Zealand Company.

Round observed light emission when electric current passed through silicon carbide crystals, the principle behind the light emitting diode.

He believed that the Christian idea of God was very similar to the Platonic concept of " the Good ," in that God represented the principle behind all other principles.

The principle behind the operation of a transformer, electromagnetic induction, was discovered independently by Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry in 1831.

The principle behind a Pulsed-Ultrasonic technology is that the transmit signal consists of short bursts of ultrasonic energy.

The governing principle behind this algorithm is that of emergent improvement through selectively removing low-quality components and replacing them with a randomly selected component.

The underlying principle behind these texts is that harmony sanctions harmoniousness ( sounds that ' please ') by conforming to certain pre-established compositional principles.

" He terms the main principle behind gun control " the instrumental theory of salvation :" that, lacking the ability to change the violent intent in criminals, we often shift focus to the instrument in an attempt to " limit our ability to hurt ourselves, and one another.

Aristotle claimed that the male principle was the driver behind sex determination, such that if the male principle was insufficiently expressed during reproduction, the fetus would develop as a female.

In addition to being the guiding principle behind most literary works in communist and socialist Russia, Marxism also greatly influenced many Western writers.

This is different from the principle behind the speaker and dynamic microphone because the vibrations are sensed directly by the magnet, and a diaphragm is not employed.

The German philosopher Gottfried Leibniz made a similar argument with his principle of sufficient reason in 1714.

David Hume and later Paul Edwards have invoked a similar principle in their criticisms of the cosmological argument.

White tried to introduce an argument “ without appeal to the principle of sufficient reason and without denying the possibility of an infinite causal regress ”.

He uses the Latin " Cogito ergo sum " in the later Principles of Philosophy ( 1644 ), Part 1, article 7: "" At that time, the argument had become popularly known in the English speaking world as " the '' argument ", which is usually shortened to "" when referring to the principle virtually everywhere else.

This argument is embodied in the Copernican principle, which states that the Earth does not occupy a unique position in the Universe, and the mediocrity principle, which holds that there is nothing special about life on Earth.

Hume argued that it requires inductive reasoning to arrive at the premises for the principle of inductive reasoning, and therefore the justification for inductive reasoning is a circular argument.

This argument also assumes the mediocrity principle, which states that Earth is not special, but merely a typical planet, subject to the same laws, effects, and likely outcomes as any other world.

During the gradual process by which Homo erectus made a transition from furry to naked skin, their hair texture putatively changed gradually from Afro-textured hair or ' kinky ' ( i. e. tightly coiled ) to straight hair ( the condition of most mammals, including humanity's closest cousins — chimpanzees ) This argument is based on the principle that curly hair impedes the passage of UV light into the body relative to straight hair ( thus curly or coiled hair would be particularly advantageous for dark-skinned hominids living at the equator ).

This argument is made based on the principle that straight fibers better facilitate the passage of UV light into the body relative to curly hair.

This is an argument still accepted in principle by many psychometricians.

The domino theory principle may indeed explain why a chain of dominoes collapses, but an independent argument is necessary to explain why a similar principle would hold in other circumstances.

For others it exemplifies the value of the likelihood principle and is an argument against significance tests.

An argument in favor of the likelihood principle is given by Edwards in his book Likelihood.

So, despite the interest, the flaw in EPR's argument was not discovered until 1964, when John Stewart Bell demonstrated precisely how one of their key assumptions, the principle of locality, conflicted with quantum theory.

Since bundle theory states that all concrete particulars are merely constructions or ' bundles ' of attributes, or qualitive properties, the substance theorist's indiscernibility argument claims that the ability to recognize numerically different concrete particulars, such as concrete objects, requires those particulars to have discernible qualitative differences in their attributes and that the metaphysical realist who is also a bundle theorist must therefore concede to the existence of ' discernible ( numerically different ) concrete particulars ', the ' identity of indiscernibles ', and a ' principle of constituent identity '.

In cryptography proper, the argument against security by obscurity dates back to at least Kerckhoffs ' principle, put forth in 1883 by Auguste Kerckhoffs.

The argument for security through minority runs counter to a principle observed in nature, in predator-prey scenarios.

He quoted the Bible in support of his argument, specifically the general principle that " thou shalt love thy neighbor.

This argument resonates with a notion of the fine-tuned Universe, understood as an alternative to the anthropic principle.

The character Cleanthes, summarizing the teleological argument, likens the universe to a man-made machine, and concludes by the principle of similar effects and similar causes that it must have a designing intelligence.

The original heuristic argument that such a limit should exist was given by Werner Heisenberg in 1927, after whom it is sometimes named, as the Heisenberg principle.

Huygens achieved note for his argument that light consists of waves, now known as the Huygens – Fresnel principle, which two centuries later became instrumental in the understanding of wave-particle duality.