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The principle of double effect ; also known as the rule of double effect ; the doctrine of double effect, often abbreviated as DDE or PDE, double-effect reasoning ; or simply double effect, is a set of ethical criteria which Christians, and some others, use for evaluating the permissibility of acting when one's otherwise legitimate act ( for example, relieving a terminally ill patient's pain ) will also cause an effect one would normally be obliged to avoid ( for example, the patient's death ).
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principle and double
And due to the double jeopardy principle, the state or prosecution may never appeal a jury or bench verdict of acquittal.
In turn, when B is replaced with a list of attached atoms, A itself is excluded in accordance with the general principle of not doubling back along a bond that has just been followed, but a ghost atom for A is included so that the double bond is properly represented from both ends.
Contrary to the legal principle of " no double jeopardy ," after the officers were acquitted, the government renamed the crime and tried the officers a second time for the same event and got a conviction from a jury with black jurors.
The first principle isn't double, however.
The plan was in principle a repeat of the double invasion of the previous year, this time with the main blow to fall in the Low Countries.
He believed that he could design a better engine and did so, inventing his double sleeve principle in 1904.
The principle of double effect is frequently cited in cases of pregnancy and abortion.
), a principle of " double effect death " could be applied to justify the deliberate administration of a pain-killer in potentially unsafe doses — not in an attempt to end life, but with a conscious disregard of the possibility.
# REDIRECT principle of double effect
Rarely, the double degree principle is found in reverse ; just as an arts or science degree can provide exemption from the full academic ( not professional ) requirements of a subsequent law degree, similarly a law degree can provide exemption from the full academic requirements of a subsequent arts or science degree.
* The Bruhat decomposition G = BWB of a semisimple algebraic group into double cosets of a Borel subgroup can be regarded as a general expression of the principle of Gauss – Jordan elimination, which generically writes a matrix as the product of an upper triangular matrix with a lower triangular matrix — but with exceptional cases.
::" This is the principle of double negation, i. e. a proposition is equivalent of the falsehood of its negation.
This was known as the double majority principle.
With the double majority principle, both Canadas were so to speak " reseparated " and for a short while, both sides were managed independently.
* The sixth title covers justice issues such as the right to an effective remedy, a fair trial, to the presumption of innocence, the principle of legality, non-retrospectivity and double jeopardy.
By the Schwarz reflection principle p ( z ) extends to a rational function on the complex plane with a double pole at:
A double standard, thus, can be described as a sort of biased, morally unfair suspension ( toward a certain group ) of the principle that all are equal in their freedoms.
A double standard violates this principle by holding different people accountable according to different standards.
Of note is the principle of double effect, formulated in the Summa, II-II, Q. 64, art. 7, which is a justification of homicide in self-defense.
The operating principle of this design is most similar to a double overhead camshaft ( DOHC ) design.
The Tracta joint works on the principle of the double tongue and groove joint.
principle and effect
This had the effect of inculcating the principle of lex orandi, lex credendi (" the law of prayer is the law of belief ") as the foundation of Anglican identity and confession.
Existence is not being ; it gives being – here a customary phrase is used, existence is a principle ( a source ) of being, not a previous source, but one which is continually in effect.
Electron degeneracy pressure is a quantum-mechanical effect arising from the Pauli exclusion principle.
In this work, Doppler postulated his principle ( later coined the Doppler effect ) that the observed frequency of a wave depends on the relative speed of the source and the observer, and he tried to use this concept for explaining the colour of binary stars.
These devices work on the principle known as the magnetocaloric effect.
This was unlikely to be a problem, since it is a generally accepted principle of private international law that states determine their currencies, and that therefore states would accept the European Union legislation to that effect.
The discovery of the ELIZA effect was an important development in artificial intelligence, demonstrating the principle of using social engineering rather than explicit programming to pass a Turing test.
The routine explanation of this effect was, at that time, provided by Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.
Heisenberg's principle was an attempt to provide a classical explanation of a quantum effect sometimes called non-locality.
The principle of locality states that physical processes occurring at one place should have no immediate effect on the elements of reality at another location.
* 1963 – The European Court of Justice's ruling in Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen establishes the principle of direct effect, one of the most important, if not the most important, decisions in the development of European Union law.
Later, circa 1970's, Alexeyev combined his hydrofoil experience with the surface effect principle to create the Ekranoplan.
Although a new electoral law was passed that respected the principle of universal ( male ) suffrage, the stricter residential requirement of the new law actually had the effect of disenfranchising 3, 000, 000 of 10, 000, 000 voters.
The Lotus effect is based on this principle.
The principle of increasing the number of windings a conductor takes around the ferrite core is well understood, each turn having the effect of multiplying the current under measurement.
For the rest, he spoke of a " mono-ideodynamic " principle to emphasise that the eye-fixation induction technique worked by narrowing the subject's attention to a single idea or train of thought (" monoideism "), which amplified the effect of the consequent " dominant idea " upon the subject's body by means of the ideo-dynamic principle.
The doctors Richard Warren and Sir George Baker believed Reynolds ' illness to be psychological and they bled his neck " with a view of drawing the humour from his eyes " but the effect of this in the view of his niece was that it seemed " as if the ' principle of life ' were gone " from Reynolds.
Karma means " deed " or " act " and more broadly names the universal principle of cause and effect, action and reaction, that governs all life.
This response to the paradox is, in effect, the rejection of the claim that every statement has to be either true or false, also known as the principle of bivalence, a concept related to the law of the excluded middle.
The physics principle behind orbital resonance is similar in concept to pushing a child on a swing, where the orbit and the swing both have a natural frequency, and the other body doing the " pushing " will act in periodic repetition to have a cumulative effect on the motion.
The consequence of the Pauli principle here is that electrons of the same spin are kept apart by a repulsive exchange interaction, which is a short-range effect, acting simultaneously with the long-range electrostatic or coulombic force.
Astronomy provides a spectacular demonstration of the effect of the Pauli principle, in the form of white dwarf and neutron stars.
The Pauli effect is not to be confused with the Pauli exclusion principle, which is a bona fide physical phenomenon.
The Vienna Convention states that treaties are to be interpreted “ in good faith ” according to the “ ordinary meaning given to the terms of the treaty in their context and in the light of its object and purpose .” International legal experts also often invoke the ' principle of maximum effectiveness ,' which interprets treaty language as having the fullest force and effect possible to establish obligations between the parties.
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