The problem in the policy officer's mind thus begins to take shape as a galaxy of utterly complicated factors -- political, military, economic, financial, legal, legislative, procedural, administrative -- to be sorted out and handled within a political system which moves by consent in relation to an external environment which cannot be under control.

Selecting bunks by economic comparison is usually an individual problem.

Simultaneously, a variety of environmental supports -- a calm but not too motherly homemaker, referral for temporary economic aid, intelligent use of nursing care, accompaniment to the well-baby clinic for medical advice on the twins' feeding problem -- combined to prevent further development of predictable pathological mechanisms.

`` Both because of our culture's stress on beauty and our improved economic conditions, some parents demand that the dentist try to correct a problem before it is wise to do so.

It would appear that the subsidizing of southern populations by the import of wheat from the north of the Empire temporarily overcame this problem, and it seems to have allowed economic recovery and a growing population within this region.

There is a problem in this classification because it ignores the great economic and other differences between the countries.

This difficulty was notably written about by economists Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich Hayek, both of whom called it the " economic calculation problem ".

The economic calculation problem is a criticism of central economic planning.

Generally speaking the problem of economic calculation is solved in financial markets.

The reforms and policies have strengthened macroeconomic annual growth results which averaged 5 % annually but the government largely failed to equitably share the wealth and the benefits of growth have failed to trickle down to improve economic conditions for the broader population, especially with the growing problem of unemployment and underemployment among youth under the age of 30 years.

However, the roots of the problem lay deeper in changing economic and social circumstances.

This argument, first proposed by Max Weber, says that the efficient exchange and use of resources can be maintained only through the price mechanism in free markets ( see economic calculation problem ).

He explained that price signals are the only means of enabling each economic decision maker to communicate tacit knowledge or dispersed knowledge to each other, in order to solve the economic calculation problem.

" As referenced above in the section on " The economic calculation problem ", Hayek wrote that " there is no reason why ... the state should not help to organize a comprehensive system of social insurance ...." Summarizing on this topic, Wapshott writes " advocated mandatory universal health care and unemployment insurance, enforced, if not directly provided, by the state.

A 2009 survey found that Europeans rated climate change as the second most serious problem facing the world, between " poverty, the lack of food and drinking water " and " a major global economic downturn ".

The true problem lies with the " cancerous cell " of capital, understood not as property or equipment, but the relations between workers and owners – the economic system in general.

The environmental issues is a great problem for the nature and nation of Pakistan and has been disturbing the balance between economic development and environmental protection.

On March 16, 2011, the President's Task Force on Puerto Rico's Status issued a third report that reaffirned the legal position adopted by the three previous presidents over nearly a quarter century that Puerto Rico remains today " subject to the Territory Clause of the U. S. Constitution ( see Report at page 26 ), that the territory's long-term economic well-being would be enhanced by an early resolution of the political status problem ( p. 33 ) and devotes most of the report to extensive economic analysis and recommendations.

" During the subsequent Howard Government ( 1996 – 2007 ), Keating often criticised Howard for taking credit for the relatively good economic conditions Australia experienced over the latter half of Howard's time as prime minister, without acknowledging that the 1990s recession ended the inflation problem.

Severe unemployment was a key political and economic problem.

Severe unemployment was a key political economic problem.

Similarly, changes in the collection and / or calculation of data on crime may affect the public perceptions of the extent of any given " crime problem ".

More realistic models are tailored to a specific problem and include the transition state theory, the calculation of the potential energy surface, the Marcus theory and the Rice – Ramsperger – Kassel – Marcus ( RRKM ) theory.

Part of the reason that Hayek stressed the knowledge problem was also because he was mainly concerned with debating the proposal for Market Socialism and the Lange Model by Oskar R. Lange ( 1938 ) and Hayek's student Abba Lerner ( 1934, 1937, 1938 ), which was developed in response to the calculation argument.

This is useful so that the problem can be checked for once at the end of a long calculation rather than after each step.

The period is usually given in years, but the calculation may be made simpler if is calculated using the period in which the majority of the problem is defined ( e. g., using months if most of the cash flows occur at monthly intervals ) and converted to a yearly period thereafter.

Upon this the Austrian school developed from the 19th to the early 20th century the economic calculation problem, along with the concept of dispersed knowledge, which were to fuel debates against the then-dominant Keynesian economics.

The critical problem that was consuming the Moore School was ballistics: the calculation of firing tables for the large number of new guns that the U. S. Army was developing for the war effort.

The non-linear problem has no closed-form solution and is usually solved by iterative refinement ; at each iteration the system is approximated by a linear one, thus the core calculation is similar in both cases.

Friedrich Hayek's ideas on information flow, present in classical neoliberalism, were codified in economic form under the Austrian School as the economic calculation problem.

This is not surprising, as the ability to make this determination would also imply the ability to solve the halting problem and perform any other non-algorithmic calculation that can be described in English.

The problem is that a crucial free parameter in the theory, known as the Immirzi parameter, can only be computed by demanding agreement with Bekenstein and Hawking's calculation of the black hole entropy.

The trans-Planckian problem is the observation that Hawking's original calculation requires talking about quantum particles in which the wavelength becomes shorter than the Planck length near the black hole's horizon.

* Economic calculation problem

* Economic calculation problem ( although mostly discussed in relation to command economies, it equally applies to firms )

# Redirect Economic calculation problem

# REDIRECT Economic calculation problem

# REDIRECT Economic calculation problem

Price signals are one possible solution to the economic calculation problem.

The problem arises, if it does arise, when the educator has to make a choice or a decision within the area of his professional competence, but which bears some relation to the social structure.

), is not typically deemed as problematic: The " problem " arises when mood changes are uncontrollable and, more importantly, volatile or " mercurial ".

The problem arises in these theories because they tend to separate the achieved ends from the action by which these ends were produced.

This situation arises for all homonuclear diatomic molecules and is particularly a problem for F < sub > 2 </ sub >, where the minimum energy of the curve with molecular orbital theory is still higher in energy than the energy of two F atoms.

Its necessity arises from the well-known fact that apart from relatively recent results concerning the hydrogen molecular ion ( see references therein for more details ), the quantum n-body problem cannot be solved analytically, much less in closed form.

Another problem arises if the dynasty falls even if it was virtuous.

Centrifugal force arises in the analysis of orbital motion and, more generally, of motion in a central-force field: in the case of a two-body problem, it is easy to convert to an equivalent one-body problem with force directed to or from an origin, and motion in a plane, so we consider only that.

Yet a problem arises similar to that dealing with ' history ' above, a chicken-and-egg problem.

The problem of density estimation arises in two applications.

The problem of length biased sampling arises in a number of areas including textile manufacture pedigree analysis and survival analysis

Inevitably, the problem arises: How can one ever say that both S2 and S3 are the same ship as S1, the original Theseus?

The theorem partly resolves the small-divisor problem that arises in the perturbation theory of classical mechanics.

The problem often arises in resource allocation where there are financial constraints and is studied in fields such as combinatorics, computer science, complexity theory, cryptography and applied mathematics.

The problem arises because we can't tell which families have both parents as carriers ( heterozygous ) unless they have a child who exhibits the characteristic.

The " diamond problem " ( sometimes referred to as the " deadly diamond of death ") is an ambiguity that arises when two classes B and C inherit from A, and class D inherits from both B and C. If D calls a method defined in A ( and does not override the method ), and B and C have overridden that method differently, then from which class does it inherit: B, or C?

While it is possible to define some arbitrary, ad hoc cost function, frequently a particular cost will be used, either because it has desirable properties ( such as convexity ) or because it arises naturally from a particular formulation of the problem ( e. g., in a probabilistic formulation the posterior probability of the model can be used as an inverse cost ).

A problem arises when the former is combined with " S entails S *", leading to a contradiction.

Selective reporting is sometimes referred to as a " file drawer " problem, which arises when only positive study results are made public, while studies with negative or null results are not made public.

The problem then arises, as Raymond Brown points out, whether this letter is an authentic writing of Paul written by one of his followers in his name.

But now another problem about the notion that God is a mind arises.

When the problem is considered even more closely, the need for a vertical ( parallel to the axis of rotation ) component of the magnetic field arises.

The problem arises from attempts to account for the phenomenon of similarity or attribute agreement among things.