From such a surrender, the dissolution of the body corporate ensues .” Nor does there seem to have been much question that by “ a judgment of forfeiture against a corporation itself, it may be dissolved .” However, Supreme Court Justice Wilson, lecturing in his unofficial capacity, at least, suggests his displeasure with the doctrine that corporate dissolution cannot be predicated “ by a judgment of ouster against individuals.

In May 2010, the Washington State Supreme Court provided an opinion after it was asked to certify a question referred by the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington: “ Whether a public library, consistent with Article I, § 5 of the Washington Constitution, may filter Internet access for all patrons without disabling Web sites containing constitutionally-protected speech upon the request of an adult library patron .” The Washington State Supreme Court ruled that NCRL ’ s internet filtering policy did not violate Article I, Section 5 of the Washington State Constitution.

The main difference between the Federal Constitutional Court and the Federal Court of Justice is that the Federal Constitutional Court may only be called if a constitutional matter within a case is in question ( e. g. a possible violation of human rights in a criminal trial ), while the Federal Court of Justice may be called in any case.

The Court may give an advisory opinion on any legal question at the request of whatever body may be authorized by or in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations to make such a request.

The three courts of Vienna, Berlin and St Petersburg had come to an understanding as to their attitude in the Eastern question, and their views were embodied in the dispatch, known as the " Andrássy Note ", sent on 30 December 1875 by Andrássy to Count Beust, the Austrian ambassador to the Court of St James.

In the cases Apprendi v. New Jersey,, and Blakely v. Washington,, the Supreme Court of the United States held that a criminal defendant has a right to a jury trial not only on the question of guilt or innocence, but any fact used to increase the defendant's sentence beyond the maximum otherwise allowed by statutes or sentencing guidelines.

The question is discussed at length in the article on Aboriginal title in the United States, as well as in articles on the American Indian Wars and the U. S. Supreme Court case Johnson v. M ' Intosh.

In Berghuis v. Thompkins, the Court held that unless a suspect actually states that he is relying on this right, his subsequent voluntary statements can be used in court and police can continue to interact with ( or question ) him.

Scholars have pointed out the Supreme Court itself already had engaged in judicial review before Marbury, although it had not struck down the statute in question because it concluded that the statute was constitutional.

In its answer to this last question, the Supreme Court formalizes the notion of judicial review.

In analyzing the third question, Marshall divided the question further, asking if a writ of mandamus was the correct means by which to restore Marbury to his right, and if so, whether the writ Marbury sought could issue from the Supreme Court.

In the typical case where there is a finding of nonjusticiability due to the political question doctrine, the issue presented before the Court is usually so specific that the constitution gives all power to one of the coordinate political branches, or at the opposite end of the spectrum, the issue presented is so vague that the constitution does not even consider it.

The leading Supreme Court case in the area of political question doctrine is Baker v. Carr ( 1962 ).

In the opinion written for Baker, the Court outlined six characteristics of a political question.

In 1943 an international panel met to consider " the question of the Permanent Court of International Justice ", meeting from 20 March to 10 February 1944.

Under the Covenant of the League of Nations, all League members agreed that where there was a dispute between states which they " recognize to be suitable for submission to arbitration and which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy ", the matter would be submitted to the Court for arbitration, with suitable disputes being over the interpretation of an international treaty, a question on international law, the validity of facts which, if true, would breach international obligations and the nature of any reparations to be made for breaching international obligations.

The Supreme Court, in Luther v. Borden ( 1849 ), declared that the definition of republic was a " political question " in which it would not intervene.

" A large group of artists, including Martin Scorsese and Alec Baldwin, and scholars signed a legal brief arguing the film's artistic merit ; the Court dismissed the case because the police violated the owners ' Fourth Amendment rights, without reaching the question of whether the film was obscene.

The Supreme Court held that, though the United States was a defendant, the case in question was not an actual controversy ; rather, the statute was merely devised to test the constitutionality of a certain type of legislation.

At the end of the First World War, the Allied powers were confronted with the question of the disposal of the former German colonies in Africa and the Pacific, and the several non-Turkish provinces of the Ottoman Empire.

The sharp dissensions which existed among the princes over the question of reform culminated in open warfare in 1460, when Albert was confronted with a league under the leadership of the Count Palatine, Frederick I, and Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria-Landshut.

Perhaps the most difficult question that monotheists have confronted is how one can reconcile this view of God with the existence of evil and suffering.

Perhaps the most difficult question that monotheists have confronted is " how can one reconcile the existence of this view of HaShem with the existence of evil?

Carlism confronted not only the question of who could legitimately sit on the Spanish throne, but was also about the principles on which Spanish society was built.

After an angry wife had confronted him, Boothby got hold of the minister in question and almost drowned him in Groby pool.

While utopian socialists believed it was possible to work within or reform capitalist society, Marx confronted the question of the economic and political power of the capitalist class, expressed in their ownership of the means of producing wealth ( factories, banks, commerce-in a word, ' Capital ').

Tony Blair contributed the foreword to one of the anthologies, in which he described Macmurray's philosophy as " immensely modern ... in the sense that he confronted what will be the critical political question of the twenty-first century: the relationship between individual and society ".

I refrained from telling him anything, but instead confronted him with a question, " What would have happened, Doctor, if you had died first, and your wife would have had to survive you?

Usually the babies were confronted with a childlike problem, such as fear of the dentist, or a question, such as ' where do muffins come from?

which profiles about 50 people, exploring how each had confronted the question.

The question the Court confronted was whether " in all the circumstances of this on-the-street encounter ", Terry's reasonable expectation of privacy had been impermissibly invaded.

Some academics argued that the Court's aversion to ' regulated capitalism ' confronted the country with " the question not how governmental functions shall be shared, but whether in substance we shall govern at all.

During Fackenheim's last interview in 2000 he confronted the question, " Do you think Israel can ever come to the point where it doesn ’ t have to be in a state of resistance?

U. S. federal courts, when confronted with real cases or controversies in which the federal court's decision will turn in part on a question of state law, occasionally ask the highest court of the relevant state to give an authoritative answer to the state-law question, which the federal court will then apply to its resolution of the federal case ( see e. g. Pullman abstention ).

* Although federal courts may often be called upon to interpret the law of a state, they are really just guessing at the conclusions a state court would arrive at when confronted by the same question.

Shortly afterwards, on June 12, Angle confronted Benjamin and Haas about the losing streak they had been in for a couple of weeks, and, after they blamed him for losing the Tag Team Championship and began to question his leadership, he fired them both from Team Angle.

The Court next confronted the question of a remedy for the constitutional violation.

In 1884 after his brother George was taken seriously ill Charles was confronted by the question, " What is all the fame and flattery worth ... when a man comes to face eternity?

and the question before these meetings was, here is a man of international reputation and proved earning power ; ;

Despite these facts the question ``::

Essentially, the question presented for decision in the present Daytime Skywave proceeding is whether our decision ( in 1938-1939 ) to assign stations on the basis of daytime conditions from sunrise to sunset, is sound as a basis for AM allocations, or whether, in the light of later developments and new understanding, skywave transmission is of such significance during the hours immediately before sunset and after sunrise that this condition should be taken into account, and some stations required to afford protection to other stations during these hours.

Although there is no question but that the process of washing fabrics involves a number of phenomena which are related together in an extremely complicated way and that these phenomena and their interrelations are not well understood at the present, this section attempts to present briefly an up-to-date picture of the physical chemistry of washing either fabrics or hard surfaces.

It is still used in making current population estimates in post-census years, though the value of these estimates is open to question.

To avoid these constitutional difficulties, Mr. Justice Frankfurter was prepared to read the Taft-Hartley provision as concerned with diversity, rather than federal question, jurisdiction.

There is a common problem behind most of these federal question and diversity cases.

I shall first indicate a couple of weaknesses in Fromm's analysis, then argue that, granted these weaknesses, he still has much left that is valuable, and, finally, raise the general question of a philosophical versus a sociological approach to the question of alienation.

The question might be asked: `` Don't the managements of the heavy-electrical-goods manufacturers know these facts??

Whenever any result is sought by its aid, the question will then arise — By what course of calculation can these results be arrived at by the machine in the shortest time?

Johnson continued to ingratiate himself with the North, the President-elect and his party, with his Unionist speeches in the Senate in early 1861: " I have an abiding confidence in the intelligence, the patriotism, and the integrity of the people, and I feel in my own heart that, if this subject could be got before them, they would settle the question and the Union of these States would be preserved.

On the basis of these traditions, the churches in question often claim to have inherited specific authority, doctrines and / or practices on the authority of their founding apostle ( s ), which is understood to be continued by the bishops of the see ( seat ) or throne of the church that each founded and whose original leader he was.

When James Bradley and Samuel Molyneux entered this sphere of astronomical research in 1725, there consequently prevailed much uncertainty whether stellar parallaxes had been observed or not ; and it was with the intention of definitely answering this question that these astronomers erected a large telescope at the house of the latter at Kew.

The relative importance and interactions between these different antioxidants is a very complex question, with the various metabolites and enzyme systems having synergistic and interdependent effects on one another.

Alternatively, these experiments provide an operational definition of what is meant by " absolute rotation ", and do not pretend to address the question of " rotation relative to what?

Since these are two very different referents, the validity of the term has been called into question.

This has resulted in a number of forms of fusion cuisine, often very popular in the country in question, and some of these, such as ramen ( Japanese Chinese ) have become popular internationally.

While the reliability of these sources has increasingly been called into question, it is known that during his brief reign, Caligula worked to increase the unconstrained personal power of the emperor ( as opposed to countervailing powers within the principate ).

However, other observers ( like Minxin Pei ) question whether these steps are genuine efforts towards democratic reform or disingenuous measures by the CPC to retain power.

Scholarly debate over the interpretation of these passages has focused on placing them in proper historical context, for instance pointing out that Sodom's sins are historically interpreted as being other than homosexuality, and on the translation of rare or unusual words in the passages in question.

There are " Christian " sects that question one or more of these doctrines, however, see also Nontrinitarianism.

She enters into a dialogue, a movement between question and answer, with these allegorical figures that is from a completely female perspective.

It appeared an unworthy thing that in the celebration of this most holy feast we should follow the practice of the Jews ... For we have it in our power, if we abandon their custom, to prolong the due observance of this ordinance to future ages by a truer order ... For their boast is absurd indeed, that it is not in our power without instruction from them to observe these things .... Being altogether ignorant of the true adjustment of this question, they sometimes celebrate Passover twice in the same year.

In some fields, quantitative research may begin with a research question ( e. g., " Does listening to vocal music during the learning of a word list have an effect on later memory for these words?