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The reign of James VI of Scotland ( or James I of England ( 1603 – 1625 )), a disciple of the new scholarship, saw the first decisive adoption of Renaissance motifs in a free form communicated to England through German and Flemish carvers rather than directly from Italy.
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reign and James
The Church of Scotland separated from the Roman Catholic Church with the Scottish Reformation in 1560, and the split from it of the Scottish Episcopal Church began in 1582, in the reign of James VI of Scotland, over disagreements about the role of bishops.
He initially sought to maintain the Aragonese control over Sicily early in his reign by supporting the claims to island of his brother, James II of Aragon.
The theory came to the fore in England under the reign of James I of England ( 1603 – 1625, also known as James VI of Scotland 1567 – 1625 ).
With the Bombers looking towards a new era, it was announced on 27 September that Matthew Lloyd would replace James Hird as Essendon captain for the 2006 season, marking the end of Hird's reign since he took over the captaincy in 1998.
During his three-year reign, King James II became directly involved in the political battles in England between Catholicism and Protestantism, on the one hand, and on the other, between the Divine Right of Kings and the political rights of the Parliament of England.
Catholic Emancipation took another 200 years, but many important and loyal Catholics retained high office during King James I's reign.
James IV's reign is often considered to have seen a flowering of Scottish culture under the influence of the European Renaissance.
By the reign of King James I & VI, the process was completed with the plantation of the last remaining princely domains in the province of Ulster.
However, during the reign of James I and thereafter, impeachments became more popular, as they did not require the assent of the Crown, while bills of attainder did, thus allowing Parliament to resist royal attempts to dominate Parliament.
During the latter's reign, Andrewes served successively as Bishop of Chichester, Ely and Winchester and oversaw the translation of the Authorized Version ( or King James Version ) of the Bible.
It was most likely written during the reign of James I, who had been James VI of Scotland before he succeeded to the English throne in 1603.
James was a patron of Shakespeare ’ s acting company, and of all the plays Shakespeare wrote during James ’ s reign, Macbeth most clearly reflects the playwright ’ s relationship with the sovereign.
During his reign, the holy bones of St. James the Great were declared to have been found in Galicia, at Santiago de Compostela.
Maybe raided from 711 to 739 by the Arabs, the bishopric of Iria was incorporated into the Kingdom of Asturias c. 750 ; some tens of years later, at some point between 818 and 842, bishop Theodemar of Iria ( d. 847 ), found some remains which were attributed to Saint James the Greater, during the reign of Alfonso II of Asturias.
Towards the end of Charles II's reign ( 1660 – 85 ) there was some debate about whether or not his brother, James, Duke of York, should be allowed to succeed to the throne.
It took a definitive shape in the reign of King James I of England when all the counties of Ireland were eventually shired.
His reign was the second longest in Scottish history before the Act of Union with England in 1707, ( James VI's was the longest 1567 – 1625 ).
Continuing from the reign of Elizabeth I of England, the creation of grants and patents reaches a new highwater mark from 1614 to 1621, during the reign of James I of England.
2. 9. 1-4 ), Herod Agrippa I in his first year of reign over the whole Judea ( AD 41 ) killed James, son of Zebedee and arrested Peter, planning to kill him after the Passover.
Donnybrook Castle, home of the Ussher family whose most famous member was James Ussher, Archbishop of Armagh, is first mentioned in the reign of Elizabeth I, and was demolished early in the nineteenth century.
The first milled ( that is, machine-made ) coins were produced during the reign of Elizabeth I ( 1558 – 1603 ) and periodically during the subsequent reigns of James I and Charles I, but there was initially opposition to mechanisation from the moneyers who ensured that most coins continued to be produced by hammering.
reign and VI
During the English Reformation the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church, at first temporarily under Henry VIII and Edward VI and later permanently during the reign of Elizabeth I.
The original book, published in 1549, in the reign of Edward VI, was a product of the English Reformation following the break with Rome.
The work of producing English-language books for use in the liturgy was largely that of Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury at first under the reign of Henry VIII, only more radically under his son Edward VI.
The turmoil was at its peak in the reign of Henry VI, which began in 1422, because of his personal weaknesses and mental instability.
* 1487 – The ten-year-old Lambert Simnel is crowned in Christ Church Cathedral in Dublin, Ireland with the name of Edward VI in a bid to threaten King Henry VII's reign.
Charles V was delighted upon hearing that his tutor had been elected to the papacy but soon realised that Adrian VI was determined to reign impartially.
The Commons acquired a permanent home at the Palace in the form of St Stephen's Chapel, the former chapel of the royal palace, during the reign of Edward VI.
Already in 1912, during the Rama VI reign, young soldiers had been arrested who had plotted a coup urging a constitution and a change of the king's status.
When Edward VI became ill in 1553, his advisers looked to the possible imminent accession of the Catholic Lady Mary, and feared that she would overturn all the reforms made during Edward's reign.
At that time, the Babenberg Dukes came to be one of the most influential ruling families in the region, peaking in the reign of Leopold VI ( 1198 – 1230 ).
* The reign of John VI Cantacuzenus as Byzantine Emperor is ended, after he loses a battle to John V Palaiologos, who is restored as sole emperor.
* November 1 – John VI, Duke of Brittany begins his reign.
Some, such as George VI of the United Kingdom ( born Albert Frederick Arthur George ), may wish to make a connection between their reign and that of a previous sovereign ( in his case, his father, George V ).
During the reign of her cousin Anna ( 1730 – 1740 ), Elizabeth was gathering support in the background ; but after the death of Empress Anna, the regency of Anna Leopoldovna with infant Ivan VI was marked by high taxes and economic problems.
But before the curtain descends, the Chorus re-appears one more time and ruefully notes, of Henry's own heir's " state, so many had the managing, that they lost France, and made his England bleed " – a reminder of the tumultuous reign of Henry VI of England, which Shakespeare had previously brought to the stage in a trilogy of plays: Henry VI, Part 1, Henry VI, Part 2 and Henry VI, Part 3.
Statutes passed in 1430 and 1432, during the reign of Henry VI, standardised property qualifications for county voters.
Hence there was no heir apparent during the reign of George VI, who had no sons: Princess Elizabeth was heiress presumptive, and was hence not eligible to be titled Princess of Wales.
George VI was born at York Cottage, on the Sandringham Estate in Norfolk, during the reign of his great-grandmother Queen Victoria.
reign and Scotland
Constantine's reign of 43 years, exceeded in Scotland only by that of King William the Lion before the Union of the Crowns in 1603, is believed to have played a defining part in the gaelicisation of Pictland, in which his patronage of the Irish Céli Dé monastic reformers was a significant factor.
During his reign the words " Scots " and " Scotland " () are first used to mean part of what is now Scotland.
The Cathbuaid, Columba's crozier or staff, has been lost but the 8th-century Breccbennach or Monymusk Reliquary shown here, which held relics of Columba, is known to have been carried into battle from the reign of King William I of Scotland | William I onwards.
His reign saw what has been characterised as a " Davidian Revolution ", by which native institutions and personnel were replaced by English and French ones, underpinning the development of later Medieval Scotland.
During his reign the Church of England was re-established, and episcopal church government was restored in Scotland.
The early years of Stephen's reign were largely successful, despite a series of attacks on his possessions in England and Normandy from David I of Scotland, Welsh rebels and the Empress Matilda's husband, Geoffrey of Anjou.
" The old fable of a living Richard was revived ", notes one account, " and emissaries from Scotland traversed the villages of England, in the last year of Henry's reign, declaring that Richard was residing at the Scottish Court, awaiting only a signal from his friends to repair to London and recover his throne.
He is generally regarded as the most successful of the Stewart monarchs of Scotland, but his reign ended with the disastrous defeat at the Battle of Flodden Field, where he became the last monarch from not only Scotland, but also from all of Great Britain, to be killed in battle.
In 1978, the International Commission of Jurists estimated that more than 100, 000 Ugandans had been murdered during Amin's reign of terror ; some authorities place the figure as high as 300, 000 — a statistic cited at the end of the 2006 movie The Last King of Scotland, which chronicled part of Amin's dictatorship.
However, the reassessment of James in the past two decades, as an able ruler who extended royal power in Scotland and preserved his kingdoms from war throughout his reign, has been accompanied by a re-evaluation of Anne as an influential political figure and assertive mother, at least for as long as the royal marriage remained a reality.
The nave from the reign of David I of Scotland | King David I
The Benedictine Abbey of the Holy Trinity and St Margaret, was founded in 1128 by King David I of Scotland, but the monastic establishment was based on an earlier foundation dating back to the reign of King Máel Coluim mac Donnchada ( i. e. " Malcolm III " or " Malcolm Canmore ", r. 1058-93 ) and his queen.
Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere ( 1275-14 April 1322 ), English nobleman, was the son and heir of Gunselm de Badlesmere ( died 1301 ) and Joan FitzBernard, and fought in the English army both in France and Scotland during the later years of the reign of Edward I of England.
The English withdrew, and Lothian became part of Scotland, during the reign of Indulf ( ruled 954 – 962 ).
The land west of the Nith, Galloway, only securely became part of Scotland during Alexander II's reign in 1234:
As late as 1091, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle describes how the Scottish king, Malcolm ,' went with his army out of Scotland into Lothian ' and in the reign of King David I of Scotland, the people living in Lothian are referred to as, ' English '.
Later tradition placed it back in the reign of King Alexander I of Scotland ( 1107 – 24 ), who probably had some involvement in the island.
His short reign was bedeviled by Edward I's insistence on his overlordship of Scotland.
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