Judges stand for non-partisan retention election every four years.

Every six years, the judges must stand for retention in an unopposed, non-partisan election.

Finally, in the first general election one year or more after the appointment, the judge must be retained by the voters in a retention election before serving a full-term.

Under the headline, " Another election ' pledge ' broken ", Militant denounced the increased spending on nuclear weapons and their retention by the Labour Party, contrary to its commitment to nuclear disarmament.

At the 1913 election, Labor's Charles McDonald was offered retention of the speakership by the incoming one-seat-majority Commonwealth Liberal Party, but declined – later however, after Labor's return to government at the 1914 election, McDonald regained the speakership until the subsequent election despite the mid-term change to a Nationalist Party government.

As a candidate for reelection, in 1986 he opposed the retention election of three Brown-appointed justices of the California Supreme Court due to their consistent opposition to the death penalty in any and all circumstances.

At the general election soonest after the completion of one year's service, the judge must stand in a " retention election ".

After justices are appointed, they are subject to a retention vote at the next general election and thereafter at 12-year intervals.

However, the election was complicated by the intervention of the independent candidate Dr. Kieran Deeny, campaigning on the sole issue of the retention of the hospital in Omagh.

She was first up for an retention election in 1978.

A justice serves an initial term of office that is one year after appointment and until January 1 following the next judicial retention election after expiration of such year.

In this " merit retention " election, voters decide only if the new Justice will remain in office.

After this first merit retention election, Justices face the voters in the same type of merit retention election every six years thereafter until they leave or reach retirement age.

The appointed justice must be approved by the voters on a nonpartisan ballot at the first statewide general election held more than three years after appointment ; thereafter, each justice must participate in another retention election every ten years.

His next retention election is in 2012.

All judges and justices in Alaska must stand for judicial retention elections ( approval by the voters ) on a nonpartisan ballot at the first statewide general election held more than three years after appointment, and periodically thereafter.

The General Assembly does not have a role in the appointment or retention of state judges, although it must authorize the creation of each judgeship.

A decorator judges the quality of a brush based on several factors: filament retention, paint pickup, steadiness of paint release, brush marks, drag and precision painting.

Under a modified version of the Missouri Plan, appellate judges ( including supreme court justices ) would only be subjected to a " Yes / No " retention vote rather than partisan opponents.

In the case of Higgins v. Dunn ( 1973 ), the Court held that the retention elections were constitutional, as the constitution only specified that judges were to be elected but did not specify the specific type of elections the General Assembly had to enact in doing so.

General elections were held in Guam on 2 November 2004 in order to elect all 15 members of the Legislature, the Federal delegate, mayors of 14 cities, vice mayors of three cities, the Public Auditor, the Consolidated Commission on Utilities, two judges of the Superior Court, running for retention and the Guam Public Education Policy Board.

The Guam Bar Association conducted an internal survey to determine feelings towards the two judges running for retention.

The court of appeals consists of a chief judge and two associate judges, who are all appointed by the governor of Alaska ( see List of Governors of Alaska ) and face judicial retention elections every eight years ; the chief judge of the court of appeals is selected from among the three by the chief justice of the supreme court to serve a two-year term.

An amendment ratified in 1976 ended contested elections for Florida's appellate judges and made them subject to merit retention votes under a modified Missouri Plan.

Justices and judges are also forbidden from campaigning for their own reelection unless there is an active opposition to their retention of office.

Even if a justices or judges are actively campaigning for retention, they can not personally raise funds for their campaign.

Sodium retention is also a response of the distal colon, and sweat glands to aldosterone receptor stimulation.

Since aldosterone is responsible for increasing the excretion of potassium, ACE inhibitors can cause retention of potassium.

Although it can pour with a thin off-white head, head retention is frequently impaired by the higher alcohol content.

: Plotted on the x-axis is the retention time and plotted on the y-axis a signal ( for example obtained by a spectrophotometer, mass spectrometer or a variety of other detectors ) corresponding to the response created by the analytes exiting the system.

* The retention time is the characteristic time it takes for a particular analyte to pass through the system ( from the column inlet to the detector ) under set conditions.

Since the mechanism of retention on this new solid support is different from the first dimensional separation, it can be possible to separate compounds that are indistinguishable by one-dimensional chromatography.

Philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer argued that concepts are " mere abstractions from what is known through intuitive perception, and they have arisen from our arbitrarily thinking away or dropping of some qualities and our retention of others.

One of the characteristics of Italian, and variable in Tuscan, is the retention of the-re infinitive ending as in Latin mittere, " send ", which is lost in Corsican, which has mette / metta, " to put.

compared memory retention for emotional versus neutral text over two instances ; early sleep that is dominated by SWS and late sleep that is dominated by REM phase.

In July 2004 the American Psychological Association issued a statement that DADT " discriminates on the basis of sexual orientation " and that " Empirical evidence fails to show that sexual orientation is germane to any aspect of military effectiveness including unit cohesion, morale, recruitment and retention.

Maurice Merleau-Ponty's Phenomenology of Perception is influenced by Edmund Husserl's work on perception and temporality, including Husserl's theory of retention and protention.

Despite this, the cumulative effect of additional species in an ecosystem is not linear — additional species may enhance nitrogen retention, for example, but beyond some level of species richness, additional species may have little additive effect.

Research has found that, even when students report not using the knowledge acquired in school, a considerable portion is retained for many years and long-term retention is strongly dependent on the initial level of mastery.

where is memory retention, is the relative strength of memory, and is time.

His premise was that each repetition in learning increases the optimum interval before the next repetition is needed ( for near-perfect retention, initial repetitions may need to be made within days, but later they can be made after years ).

In Tantric yoga the same emphasis is placed on the retention and absorption of vital liquids and Sanskrit texts describe how semen must not be emitted if the yogi is to avoid falling under the law of time and death.

The term is also related to the study of knowledge retention or memory ( see also cognition ).

Their cellular machinery is adapted to high salt concentrations by having charged amino acids on their surfaces, allowing the retention of water molecules around these components.

Cellulose, the wood-derived material most paper is made of, is naturally charged, and so a compound that complexes with both the dye and the paper's surface aids retention at the surface.