In areas where resistant strata ( sedimentary rock layers ), such as sandstone or limestone, overlie more easily eroded strata such as shale, rock overhangs formed.

Coal ( from the Old English term col, which has meant " mineral of fossilized carbon " since the 13th century ) is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds By comparison in 2007, natural gas provided of oil equivalent per day, while oil provided per day.

In these areas he concluded that the recent strata ( rock layers ) could be categorized according to the number and proportion of marine shells encased within.

In chronostratigraphy, a stage is a succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic timescale, which usually represents millions of years of deposition.

The totality of fossils, both discovered and undiscovered, and their placement in fossiliferous ( fossil-containing ) rock formations and sedimentary layers ( strata ) is known as the fossil record.

The observations that certain fossils were associated with certain rock strata led early geologists to recognize a geological timescale in the 19th century.

Fossils themselves, and the totality of their occurrence within the sequence of Earth's rock strata, is referred to as the fossil record.

The geologic time scale was developed based on the relative ages of rock strata as determined by the early paleontologists and stratigraphers.

William Smith ( 1769 – 1839 ) drew some of the first geological maps and began the process of ordering rock strata ( layers ) by examining the fossils contained in them.

Cross-cutting relations can be used to determine the relative ages of stratum | rock strata and other geological structures.

Explanations: A-fold ( geology ) | folded rock strata cut by a thrust fault ; B-large intrusion ( cutting through A ); C-erosion al angular unconformity ( cutting off A & B ) on which rock strata were deposited ; D-dike ( geology ) | volcanic dyke ( cutting through A, B & C ); E-even younger rock strata ( overlying C & D ); F-normal fault ( cutting through A, B, C & E ).

These strata make up much of the famous prominent rock formations in widely spaced protected areas such as Capitol Reef National Park and Canyonlands National Park.

However, distinctive karst surface features may be completely absent where the soluble rock is mantled, such as by glacial debris, or confined by one or more superimposed non-soluble rock strata.

The tradition of wall painting can be traced back to Indian rock art paintings that date back to 4000 BC.

Hudson is a folk indie rock band with two narrative concept albums released to date.

The preserved remains of two monumental fountains that received the water from the spring date to the Archaic period and the Roman, with the later cut into the rock.

Before, geologists could only use fossils to date sections of rock relative to one another.

These fossils help scientists to date the core and to understand the depositional environment in which the rock units formed.

The earliest ( surviving ) examples of Chinese painted artwork date to the Warring States Period ( 481-221 BC ), with paintings on silk or tomb murals on rock, brick, or stone.

Monazite is important in two ways: first, as a REE " sink ", it can be sufficiently concentrate these elements to become an ore ; secondly, monazite group elements can incorporate relatively large amounts of uranium and thorium, which can be used to date the rock based on the decay of the U and Th to lead.

As with most other geochronologic units, the rock beds that define the Pennsylvanian are well identified, but the exact date of the start and end are uncertain by a few million years.

However, a study of uranium / lead ratios of zircons from rock sequences in multiple locations in southern China date the extinction to 252. 28 ± 0. 08 Ma ; an earlier study of rock sequences near Meishan in Changxing County of Zhejiang Province, China date the extinction to 251. 4 ± 0. 3 Ma, with an ongoing elevated extinction rate occurring for some time thereafter.

The date of a rock is reset when volcanic activity remelts it.

The earliest remains consist of extensive rock cut installations, initially thought to date to the Early Bronze Age by Kenyon, these have recently been re-evaluated, first by Stager and then by Franklin, and are now recognized to be the remains of an extensive early Iron Age oil and wine industry ( designated Building Period 0 ).

The basement rock primarily comprises metamorphosed limestone and schist, which date from the Alpine Orogeny.

The earliest epigraphic records found on rock edicts and hero stones date from around the 3rd century BCE.

*" No Western Sahara rock has been purchased since this date and the Mosaic Company has no plans to purchase Western Sahara rock in future.

Several preconditions must be satisfied before a Rb-Sr date can be considered as representing the time of emplacement or formation of a rock.

Rb-Sr can then be used on the altered mineralogy to date the time of this alteration, but not the date at which the rock formed.

A Rb-Sr date which is at variance with other geochronometers may not be useless, it may be providing data on an event which is not representing the age of formation of the rock.

Heyerdahl had long been fascinated with the rock carvings that date back to about 10, 000 B. C.

Many dolmens and rock tombs ( especially " passage graves ") date from this period.

To date, development focus is on geoscientific applications including granular flow, rock breakage and earthquake nucleation.

At this point Mrs. Frances Cupply, one of Wright's handsome daughters by his first wife, came from the house and tried to calm Miriam as she tore down a no visitors sign and smashed the glass pane on another sign with a rock.

`` Too many of our writers seem to be interested only in creatures that crawl out of the woodwork or from under the rock ''.

An unusual, if not extraordinary, rendering of the classic myth that involves the rescue of Prometheus from the rock by the U.S. Cavalry was given last week in the warehouse of the Albany Leather Conduit Company amid cheers of `` Hubba hubba '' and `` Yalagaloo pip pip ''!!

How about a rock collection, or a collection of leaves from different trees or shrubs and in different colors??

In the search for oil and gas, we make similar waves under controlled conditions with dynamite and learn from them where there are buried rock structures favorable to the accumulation of these resources.

The rock and roll music coming from the radio station suddenly faded as the boat coasted into the null on the Aj.

* Atlas ( band ), a rock band from Christchurch, New Zealand

* " Atlas ", a single from the album Mirrored by experimental rock group Battles

An abalone iron is used to pry the abalone from the rock before it can fully clamp down.

The earliest anchors were probably rocks, and many rock anchors have been found dating from at least the Bronze Age.

In the formation of an ordinary agate, it is probable that waters containing silica in solution — derived, perhaps, from the decomposition of some of the silicates in the lava itself — percolated through the rock and deposited a siliceous coating on the interior of the vapour-vesicles.

The first deposit on the wall of a cavity, forming the " skin " of the agate, is generally a dark greenish mineral substance, like celadonite, delessite or " green earth ", which are rich in iron probably derived from the decomposition of the augite in the enclosing volcanic rock.

On his return from Troy, his vessel was wrecked on the Whirling Rocks (), but he himself escaped upon a rock through the assistance of Poseidon and would have been saved in spite of Athena, but he said that he would escape the dangers of the sea in defiance of the immortals.

Ajax argues that because of his strength and the fighting he has done for the Greeks, including saving the ships from Hector, and driving him off with a massive rock, he deserves the armor.

House Rock had numerous bullet hole-like marks where micrometeroids from space had impacted the rock.

During the Julio-Claudian period, the Temple of Rome and Augustus, a small, round edifice, about 23 meters from the Parthenon, was to be the last significant ancient construction on the summit of the rock.

All the valuable ancient artifacts are situated in the Acropolis Museum, which resides on the southern slope of the same rock, 280 metres from the Parthenon.

They dug a great canal to the sea, and alongside the bridges carved tunnels into the rings of rock so that ships could pass into the city around the mountain ; they carved docks from the rock walls of the moats.

The walls were constructed of red, white and black rock quarried from the moats, and were covered with brass, tin and the precious metal orichalcum, respectively.

The founding members of the rock band Stereophonics originated from the nearby village of Cwmaman.

* Ash ( band ), a rock band from Northern Ireland

At the rock, a local mother, Mrs. Schroeder, tries to tell her child, Baby Joan, to come down from the rock, when Baby Joan licks it-and a spring of water begins flowing from it.