From 1587 he was Lord Steward, being responsible for the royal household's supply with food and other commodities.

New Crowns for Old depicts Disraeli as Abanazer from the pantomime version of Aladdin offering Queen Victoria | Victoria an imperial crown in exchange for a royal one. Disraeli cultivated a public image of himself as an Imperialist with grand gestures such as conferring on Queen Victoria the title “ Empress of India ”.

In 1819, Dartmouth College was the subject of the historic Dartmouth College case, which challenged New Hampshire's 1816 attempt to amend the College's royal charter to make the school a public university.

Those who were opposed to Louis ' policies further undermined royal authority by distributing pamphlets ( often reporting false or exaggerated information ) that criticized the government and its officials, stirring up public opinion against the monarchy.

These included resentment of royal absolutism ; resentment by peasants, laborers and the bourgeoisie toward the traditional seigneurial privileges possessed by the nobility ; resentment of the Church's influence over public policy and institutions ; aspirations for freedom of religion ; resentment of aristocratic bishops by the poorer rural clergy ; aspirations for social, political and economic equality, and ( especially as the Revolution progressed ) republicanism ; hatred of Queen Marie-Antoinette, who was falsely accused of being a spendthrift and an Austrian spy ; and anger toward the King for firing finance minister Jacques Necker, among others, who were popularly seen as representatives of the people.

He dictated the manual of Regulations for State Officials, containing 35 chapters and 297 paragraphs in which every public servant in Prussia could find his duties precisely set out: a minister or councillor failing to attend a committee meeting, for example, would lose six months ' pay ; if he absented himself a second time, he would be discharged from the royal service.

*< cite > Letters of the Kings of England, now first collected from the originals in royal archives, and from other authentic sources, private as well as public </ cite > by J O Halliwell-Phillipps, London, H. Colburn, 1846. vol.

In May 1553, in response to a public petition, the first royal charter for the town was issued by King Edward VI, granting it the status of borough.

In 1877, in response to a public petition, Queen Victoria issued the second royal charter, which granted city status to the borough and Cathedral status to the former Abbey Church.

A later tradition called him Beauclerc for his scholarly interests — he could read Latin and put his learning to effective use — and Lion of Justice for refinements which he brought about in the royal administration, which he rendered the most effective in Europe, rationalizing the itinerant court, and his public espousal of the Anglo-Saxon legal tradition.

By the mid-18th century there was an increasing number of proposals to create a public gallery, with the art critic La Font de Saint-Yenne publishing, in 1747, a call for a display of the royal collection '.

There were a few institutional or royal libraries which were open to an educated public ( such as the Serapeum collection of the Library of Alexandria, once the largest library in the ancient world ), but on the whole collections were private.

The king as head of State could give orders to preserve territorial integrity but not until these royal enactments were combined with public petition that successful legislation ever took place.

The royal edict, registered by the Parlement of Paris on March 15, 1667 created the office of lieutenant général de police (" lieutenant general of police "), who was to be the head of the new Paris police force, and defined the task of the police as " ensuring the peace and quiet of the public and of private individuals, purging the city of what may cause disturbances, procuring abundance, and having each and everyone live according to their station and their duties ".

According to the late 13th century chronicler Martin of Opava, Stephen VIII was described as being a German, who was elected pope due to the power and influence of his royal relative, the German king Otto I. Martin states that Otto ignored the will of the cardinals in imposing Stephen upon them, and because Stephen was hated for being a German, he was taken by supporters of Alberic II, who proceeded to maim and disfigure him to such an extent that Stephen was unable to appear in public again.

He had been nearly two years and a half in seclusion when, in July 1769, he again appeared in public at a royal levee.

In many cases prior to the 18th century, women leading the life of a courtesan in a royal court, with romantic relationships with kings, achieved wealth and status, but eventually it would lead to many of them being executed following very public trials that often left them appearing to have been evil, or power-hungry, when in fact they more often than not were nothing more than a lover and mistress to the king.

* the Louvre Museum in Paris ( France ), also à royal palace, pas opened to the public in 1793

In France, the first public museum was the Louvre Museum in Paris, opened in 1793 during the French Revolution, which enabled for the first time free access to the former French royal collections for people of all stations and status.

Unlike other members of the royal family, Margaret was not expected to undertake any public or official duties during the war.

Perhaps unwittingly, Margaret paved the way for public acceptance of royal divorce.

Nor were Struensee's relations with the queen less offensive to a nation which had a traditional veneration for the royal House of Oldenburg, while Caroline Matilda's shameless conduct in public brought the Crown into contempt.

His affair with the queen was intolerable to the public at large, although sexual infidelity was not unusual in royal circles, and the king himself was notorious for his sexual exploits.

Their presence, activities and traditional roles constitute the apex of a modern " royal court ," and provide a distinctly British and historical pageantry to ceremonies ( e. g. Trooping the Colour ) and flavour to public events ( e. g. Garden Parties, Ascot ).

The governor there exhibited her to the public annually, in case there might be rumours that the royal captive had been injured.

During Queen Victoria's widowhood, Edward pioneered the idea of royal public appearances as we understand them today — for example, opening Thames Embankment in 1871, Mersey Tunnel in 1886, and Tower Bridge in 1894.

Bloch was not concerned with the effectiveness of the royal touch — he acted instead like an anthropologist in asking why people believed it and how it shaped relations between king and commoner.

In some societies, such as those of Ancient Egypt and others, brother – sister, father – daughter, and mother – son, cousin-cousin, uncle-niece, aunt-nephew, and other permutations of relations were practiced among royalty as a means of perpetuating the royal lineage.

Bloch was not concerned with the effectiveness of the royal touch — he acted like an anthropologist in asking why people believed it and how it shaped relations between king and commoner.

There was peace with the Kingdom of Judah to the south, and even cooperation between the two rival states, while relations with neighboring Sidon to the north were bolstered by marriages negotiated between the two royal courts.

As made clear in the earlier story of Absalom's rebellion, to possess the royal harem was in this society tantamount to claiming the throne ; this applied even to a woman who had shared the bed of a king advanced in age, though she had no intimate relations with King David.

Health, criminal law and education are " transferred " while royal relations are all " excepted ".

The strained spousal relations paralleled a factional struggle at the royal court in which Tamar was becoming more and more assertive of her rights as a queen regnant.

Alexandra was not their first choice, since the Danes were at loggerheads with the Prussians over the Schleswig-Holstein Question and most of the British royal family's relations were German.

Pecci developed excellent relations with the royal family and used the location to visit neighbouring Germany, where he was particularly interested in the resumed construction of the Cologne Cathedral.

Another factor behind the tour was public relations: the presence of the royal couple in Canada and the United States, was calculated to shore up sympathy for Britain in anticipation of hostilities with Germany.

She was trained and educated for a significant marriage that, as a royal family alliance, would extend the kingdoms ' power and security as well as its influence and peaceful relations with other ruling powers.

His sympathy and relations with the royal family, to whom he had submitted a plan for a counter-revolution, and his desire to check the violence of the Revolution, brought on him suspicion of treason.

Eventually, relations between Marie and her royal brother improved.

The royal court also established relations with Sui and then Tang Dynasty China and sent students to the Middle Kingdom to learn high civilization.

The Chahar royal family kept favorable relations with the Manchu imperial family until Makata gege, who was a daughter of Hong Taiji and married to the Chahar Mongol prince, died in 1663.

The extreme sensitiveness of his temperament, however, disqualified him for politics ; he proved impracticable in his relations with Hardenberg and other ministers, and in 1810 retired for a time from public life, accepting the more congenial appointment of royal historiographer and professor at the university of Berlin.

It is also customary in some circles to refer to the extended relations of a deposed monarch and his or her descendants as a royal family.

With the new royal administration of 1663, the title of Governor General was given to the person responsible for the military and diplomatic relations.

The Talmud says almost nothing in regard to the personal relations of the exilarchs to the royal court.

Meanwhile in Ireland, a Yorkist stronghold, the struggles between the Butlers and Geraldines had reduced royal authority to a shadow even within the English Pale, and Gerald Fitzgerald, 8th Earl of Kildare, the head of Geraldines and lord deputy, was in treasonable relations with Warbeck.

Qin maintained good diplomatic relations with Jin and there were also marriages between members of the royal clans of both states, but relations between both sides had also deteriorated to the point of armed conflict before.