The Wittelsbach family was the ruling dynasty of the German territories of Bavaria from 1180 to 1918 and of the Electorate of the Palatinate from 1214 until 1805 ; in 1815 the latter territory was partly incorporated as Rhine Palatinate into Bavaria, which was elevated to a kingdom by Napoleon in 1806.

From 1583 to 1761, all ruling archbishops came from the Wittelsbach dynasty.

The city of Landshut was founded in 1204 by the ruling Wittelsbach family of Bavaria.

The family of the princes Lubomirski is related to almost all the dynasties ruling in Europe, for example, with the Bourbon, Capetiens, Liudolfing, Wittelsbach, Hohenzollern, Rurykowicz dynasties.

By the time Maximilian I of Bavaria died he was ruling a larger and richer state than any previous individual Wittelsbach Prince.

The Duke of Wellington fought Napoleon's forces in the Peninsular War, with Joseph Bonaparte ruling as Napoleon's surrogate king at Madrid.

* November 16 – Robert I, Duke of Parma, last ruling Duke of Parma ( b. 1848 )

* July 9 – Robert I, Duke of Parma, last ruling Duke of Parma ( d. 1907 )

Upon hearing of Pandulf's death, Otto II, ruling from Rome, traveled south to install Thrasimund IV as Duke of Spoleto.

In 1949, and again in 1999, various morganatic members of the Bavarian Royal House were recognised as princes and princesses of Bavaria, with the current head of the house, Franz, Duke of Bavaria, being among the beneficiaries of his father's ruling, having been born of a marriage deemed morganatic.

Duke Karl ( ruling 1564-90 ), whose wife was the Catholic Duchess Maria of Bavaria, introduced the Counter-Reformation into the country ; in 1573 he invited the Jesuits into Styria and in 1586 he founded the Catholic University of Graz.

A few examples exist today: The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is a fully independent state and its head, the Grand Duke, is a sovereign monarch ruling over his Luxembourgeois subjects.

A Dauphin of France would unite the coat of arms of the Dauphiné, which featured Dolphins, with the French fleurs-de-lys, and might, where appropriate, further unite that with other arms ( e. g. Francis, son of Francis I, was ruling Duke of Brittany, so united the arms of that province with the typical arms of a Dauphin of France ; Francis II, while Dauphin, was also King of Scots by marriage to Mary I, and so added the arms of the Kingdom of Scotland to those of the Dauphin of France ).

When the Greek revolution broke out in 1821, the British Cabinet was dominated by the conservative faction of the ruling Tory party, including Castlereagh, Lord Liverpool ( prime minister ) and Duke of Wellington, the victor of the Battle of Waterloo and now Master General of Ordnance.

It was said at the time that together with his wife, Queen Anne's closest friend and confidante, the Duke of Marlborough was virtually ruling the country.

The unrest caused the destruction of the local castle by the Duke of Brabant, the move of the ruling Grimbergen lord to nearby Ninove, and the parceling of his territory.

Paulus is the reigning Duke of House Atreides, their noble House ruling Caladan for 26 generations.

The death of Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy in Halle in 1404 was actually a benefit to the city as all subsequent ruling Dukes of Burgundy were to pay a visit here.

Grand Duke Leopold died on April 24, 1852, and was succeeded by his second son, Frederick, as regent, the eldest, Louis II, Grand Duke of Baden ( died January 22, 1858 ), being incapable of ruling.

In demonology, Barbatos is an Earl and Duke of Hell, ruling thirty legions of demons and has four kings as his companions to command his legions.

In demonology, according to some authors, Agares ( or Agreas ) is a Duke ( or Grand Duke ), ruling the eastern zone of Hell, and being served by 31 legions of demons.

Thereafter the titles Count of Anjou and, after 1360, Duke of Anjou were granted several times, usually to members of the French ruling houses of Valois and Bourbon.

After the destruction of the State of Bi by the Xi Rong people, Bi Wan ( 毕万 ), a scion of the ruling house, escaped to the State of Jin, where he became a courtier of Duke Xian of Jin, accompanying his personal carriage.

Henri d ' Orléans, Count of Paris, Duke of France ( Henri Philippe Pierre Marie d ' Orléans ; born on 14 June 1933 ) is a member of the former French ruling dynasty of the House of Bourbon, and one of the current pretenders to the defunct French crown.

During the joint reign of Chlothar and Dagobert, who have been called " the last ruling Merovingians ", the Saxons, who had been loosely attached to Francia since the late 550s, rebelled under Duke Berthoald and were defeated and reincorporated into the kingdom by the joint action of father and son.

This was the situation in Germany in 2005 when Angela Merkel became Chancellor: in early elections, the CDU / CSU did not garner enough votes to form a majority coalition with the FDP ; similarly the SPD and Greens did not have enough votes to continue on with their formerly ruling coalition.

* Capetian House of Anjou ( initially ruling house of Sicily, then of Naples, became ruling house of Hungary ) ( 1247 – 1382 )

It became virtually impossible to join the Soviet ruling and managing elite without being a member of the Communist Party.

Originally an earthly king ruling by divine appointment (" the anointed one ", as the title Messiah had it ), the " son of David " became in the last two pre-Christian centuries the apocalyptic and heavenly one who would deliver Israel and usher in a new kingdom.

Born into a working-class family, from an early age Ortega developed a hatred of the ruling President Anastasio Somoza Debayle, who was widely recognized as a dictator, and became involved in the underground movement to oppose Somoza's regime.

After the Nicaraguan Revolution resulted in the overthrow and exile of the Somoza's government in 1979, Ortega became a member of the ruling multipartisan Junta of National Reconstruction and was later elected president, serving from 1985 to 1990.

Soon thereafter " Imperator " became however a title reserved exclusively for the ruling monarch.

With Ayub Khan ousted from office in 1969, Commander of the Pakistani Army, General Yahya Khan became the country's second ruling Chief Martial Law Administrator.

Restored twice with the support of both Emperor and Pope, the Medici in 1537 became hereditary dukes of Florence, and in 1569 Grand Dukes of Tuscany, ruling for two centuries.

Subsequently, negotiations between the two groups allowed the remaining Gauls to settle en mass in central Anatolia and / or became integrated with the Greek ruling classes elsewhere following 279 BC.

Subsequently, Galatia became an independent client-kingdom within the Roman Empire, its ruling having considerable local autonomy.

* 983: Otto III became the first ruling " King of the Romans ", which meant " future Emperor ".

The ABC was largely forgotten until it became the focus of the lawsuit Honeywell v. Sperry Rand, the ruling of which invalidated the ENIAC patent ( and several others ) as, among many reasons, having been anticipated by Atanasoff's work.

The puppet Albanian Fascist Party became the ruling party of the country and the Fascists allowed Italian citizens to settle in Albania and to own land so that they could gradually transform it into Italian soil.

This became largely effective, so that most of the population would only ever see religious images and those of the ruling class.

The day after the ruling, Ashcroft became critically ill with acute pancreatitis.

Soon after the colony was founded, a Sabah became leader, ruling until his death in 1762.

In 1836 Marx became engaged to Jenny von Westphalen, a beautiful baroness of the Prussian ruling class —" the most desirable young woman in Trier " — who broke off her engagement with a young aristocratic second lieutenant to be with him.

In the last quarter of the Twentieth Century the belief that government ( ruling in accordance with the interests of the people ) ought to directly involve itself in the day to day workings of an economy declined in popularity amongst the center left, especially social-democrats who became influenced by ' third way ' ideology.

But the populace became increasingly dissatisfied with the austerity measures imposed by the IMF plan as well as their perception that the ruling elite was not subject to the same strictures.

Daddah's own Parti du Peuple Mauritanien ( PPM ) became the ruling organization.

Daddah's own Parti du Peuple Mauritanien ( PPM ) became the ruling organization.

As the Margrave was a distant relative of the Emperor, Mieszko became a member of the circle connected to the imperial ruling house.

* According to Nepali scholar Rishikesh Shaha, the ancient chronicles report that a sage ( muni ) named Ne became the protector ( pāla ) of this land and the founder of its first ruling dynasty.