Writers of this class of science fiction have clearly in mind the assumptions that man can master the principles of this cause-and-effect universe and that such mastery will necessarily better the human lot.

On the other hand, the bright vision of the future has been directly stated in science fiction concerned with projecting ideal societies -- science fiction, of course, is related, if sometimes distantly, to that utopian literature optimistic about science, literature whose period of greatest vigor in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries produced Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward and H. G. Wells's A Modern Utopia.

In Arthur Clarke's Childhood's End ( 1953 ), though written after the present flood of dystopias began, we can see the bright vision of science fiction clearly defined.

Considering then the optimism which has permeated science fiction for so long, what is really remarkable is that during the last twelve years many science-fiction writers have turned about and attacked their own cherished vision of the future, have attacked the Childhood's End kind of faith that science and technology will inevitably better the human condition.

Because of the means of publication -- science-fiction magazines and cheap paperbacks -- and because dystopian science fiction is still appearing in quantity the full range and extent of this phenomenon can hardly be known, though one fact is evident: the science-fiction imagination has been immensely fertile in its extrapolations.

There is, of course, nothing new about dystopias, for they belong to a literary tradition which, including also the closely related satiric utopias, stretches from at least as far back as the eighteenth century and Swift's Gulliver's Travels to the twentieth century and Zamiatin's We, Capek's War With The Newts, Huxley's Brave New World, E. M. Forster's `` The Machine Stops '', C. S. Lewis's That Hideous Strength, and Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four, and which in science fiction is represented before the present deluge as early as Wells's trilogy, The Time Machine, `` A Story Of The Days To Come '', and When The Sleeper Wakes, and as recently as Jack Williamson's `` With Folded Hands '' ( 1947 ), the classic story of men replaced by their own robots.

Not all recent science fiction, however, is dystopian, for the optimistic strain is still very much alive in Mission Of Gravity and Childhood's End, as we have seen, as well as in many other recent popular novels and stories like Fred Hoyle's The Black Cloud ( 1957 ) ; ;

and among works of dystopian science fiction, not all provide intelligent criticism and very few have much merit as literature -- but then real quality has always been scarce in science fiction.

`` The human ego being what it is '', I put in, `` science fiction has always assumed that the creatures on the planets of a thousand larger solar systems than ours must look like gigantic tube-nosed fruit bats.

It is not through space nor time that the time machine most approved by science fiction must travel for a visit to the permanent prehistoric past, or the ever-existent past-fantasy future.

Significantly, Huxley also worked for a time in the 1920s at the technologically advanced Brunner and Mond chemical plant in Billingham, Teesside, and the most recent introduction to his famous science fiction novel Brave New World ( 1932 ) states that this experience of " an ordered universe in a world of planless incoherence " was one source for the novel.

Until recently, androids have largely remained within the domain of science fiction, frequently seen in film and television.

The term " droid ", coined by George Lucas for the original Star Wars film and now used widely within science fiction, originated as an abridgment of " android ", but has been used by Lucas and others to mean any robot, including distinctly non-human form machines like R2-D2.

" The term made an impact into English pulp science fiction starting from Jack Williamson's The Cometeers ( 1936 ) and the distinction between mechanical robots and fleshy androids was popularized by Edmond Hamilton's Captain Future ( 1940 – 1944 ).

For example, Heinlein was the " dean of science fiction writers " because he was " the scientist " of science fiction.

* Frank Herbert, critically acclaimed, science fiction author of the best-selling science fiction novel of all time: Dune

Douglas Adams's 1982 science fiction comedy novel Life, the Universe and Everything – the third part of The Hitchhiker's Guide To The Galaxy series – features the urn containing the Ashes, as a significant element of its plot.

In the novel, the Society uses the Babbage engines along with a statistical science called Cliology to predict and manipulate future history.

* In the 1976 science fiction novel Children of Dune, written by Frank Herbert, Agamemnon is mentioned as an ancestor of the Atreides family.

A Fire Upon the Deep is a science fiction novel by American writer Vernor Vinge, a space opera involving superhuman intelligences, aliens, variable physics, space battles, love, betrayal, genocide, and a conversation medium resembling Usenet.

* Ark ( Baxter novel ), a 2009 hard science fiction novel

* Ark ( Baxter novel ), a science fiction novel by Stephen Baxter ( published 20 Aug. 2009 )

To Popper, science does not rely on induction, instead scientific investigations are inherently attempts to falsify existing theories through novel tests.

Furthermore, while Neuromancer < nowiki >'</ nowiki > s narrator may have had an unusual " voice " for science fiction, much older examples can be found: Gibson's narrative voice, for example, resembles that of an updated Raymond Chandler, as in his novel The Big Sleep ( 1939 ).

NASA's Advanced Automation for Space Missions study directly inspired the science fiction novel Code of the Lifemaker ( 1983 ) by author James P. Hogan.

* Ceres Storm, a 2000 science fiction novel by American author David Herter

Children of Dune is a 1976 science fiction novel by Frank Herbert, third in a series of six novels set in his Dune universe.

Chapterhouse: Dune is a science fiction novel by Frank Herbert, last in his series of six Dune novels.

The 1972 science fiction novel Cyborg, by Martin Caidin, told the story of a man whose damaged body parts are replaced by mechanical devices (" bionics ").

Brin's own novel Sundiver is an example of science fiction proposing a form of life existing within the plasma atmosphere of a star using complex self-sustaining magnetic fields.

The suggestion that life could even occur within the plasma of a star has been picked up by other science fiction writers, as in David Brin's Uplift Saga or Frederik Pohl's novel The World at the End of Time.

The term " cyberspace " was first used by the cyberpunk science fiction author William Gibson, though the concept was described somewhat earlier, for example in the Vernor Vinge short story " True Names ," and even earlier in John M. Ford's novel, Web of Angels.

The word " cyberspace " ( from cybernetics and space ) was coined by science fiction novelist and seminal cyberpunk author William Gibson in his 1982 story " Burning Chrome " and popularized by his 1984 novel Neuromancer.

In Ursula K. Le Guin's science fiction novel The Dispossessed, published 1974, mainstream capitalist and state socialist economies on the planet Urras are contrasted with an anarchist self-managed economy on its orbiting twin Anarres.

He is featured in 1965's Dune, the original novel in the science fiction series, as well as the Prelude to Dune prequel trilogy ( 1999 – 2001 ) by Brian Herbert and Kevin J. Anderson.

What otherwise could `` the lawyer, doctor, minister, the men of science and letters '' do when told that they had `` become the cherubim and seraphim and the three archangels who stood before the golden throne of the merchant, and continually cried, ' Holy, holy, holy is the Almighty Dollar ' ``??

It eventually grew to become the de facto capital of the Holy Roman Empire and a cultural centre for arts and science, music and fine cuisine.

Academics such as Fray Diego Rodríguez who advocated the separation of science and theology found themselves the subject of investigations by the Holy Office.

He also studied astronomy and science, as evidenced in the formulation of his Yuga theory in The Holy Science.

It highlighted the activities of the centres of Ramakrishna Sangha, the teachings of Sri Ramakrishna, Holy Mother and Swami Vivekananda, and the recent developments in science, commerce and humanities.

Dobzhansky concludes that scripture and science are two different things: " It is a blunder to mistake the Holy Scriptures for elementary textbooks of astronomy, geology, biology, and anthropology ".

Following his high school years at The Abbey School, Holy Cross Abbey, Canon City, Colorado in 1973, Schweitzer earned his Bachelor of Science degree in international agronomy from Colorado State University in 1978 and a Master of Science in soil science from Montana State University, Bozeman in 1980.

The Holy Terror is a Big Finish Productions audio drama based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who.

He opened the house of the Holy Ghost at Madrid on January 20, 1599, that of Our Lady of the Annunciation at Valladolid on September 9, 1601, and that of St. Joseph at Alcalá sometime in 1601, for teaching science.

In 1996, Royal decree No. 7 / b / 11155, with the consent of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques and the Chairman of the Board of Higher Education, sought separate dental and technical laboratories from the college of medicine and medical science in Dammam.

He has written and broadcast extensively about his views of religion, spirituality, and the spirituality of science including the essays, " The Perimeter of Ignorance " and " Holy Wars ," both appearing in Natural History magazine and the 2006 Beyond Belief workshop.

We are not to be a religious society ; we are not about to launch controversy ; we are about to apply the rules of science, which are so well understood by us in our branches, to an investigation into the facts concerning the Holy Land.

The power of Scientism's pronouncements is greatly enhanced by the fact that its rituals and observances are powered by technology and science, and therefore its clergy can reliably produce " miracles " on demand: the " Holy Food " is actually medicine, so it really does cure the sick ; the throne of the King of Anacreon is really a flying machine, so he can truly levitate over his subjects with a glowing aura.