In Central and South America, the alligator family is represented by five species of the genus Caiman, which differs from the alligator by the absence of a bony septum between the nostrils, and the ventral armour is composed of overlapping bony scutes, each of which is formed of two parts united by a suture.

The smooth muscle of the great arteries and the population of cells that form the aorticopulmonary septum that separates the aorta and pulmonary artery is derived from cardiac neural crest.

Factors which may predispose someone to developing sinusitis include: allergies ; structural abnormalities, such as a deviated septum, small sinus ostia or a concha bullosa ; nasal polyps ; carrying the cystic fibrosis gene, though research is still tentative ; and prior bouts of sinusitis, because each instance may result in increased inflammation of the nasal or sinus mucosa and potentially further narrow the nasal passageways.

3-M Littmann is also credited with a collapsible mold frame for sludge molding a single column bifurcating stethoscope tube with an internal septum dividing the single column stethoscope tube into discrete left and right binaural channels ( AKA " cardiology tubing "; including a covered, or internal leaf spring-binaural ear tube connector ).

A vaginal obstruction is often caused by an imperforate hymen or, less commonly, a transverse vaginal septum.

In living amphibians, the atrium is divided into two separate chambers by the presence of a muscular septum even though there is only one ventricle.

The heart of most reptiles ( except for crocodilians ; see below ) has a similar structure to that of lungfish but, here, the septum is generally much larger.

This divides the ventricle into two halves but, because the septum does not reach the whole length of the heart, there is a considerable gap near the openings to the pulmonary artery and the aorta.

The DNA is replicated and a membrane wall known as a spore septum begins to form between it and the rest of the cell.

Like the body, the proboscis is hollow, and its cavity is separated from the body cavity by a septum or proboscis sheath.

The whole proboscis apparatus can also be, at least partially, withdrawn into the body cavity, and this is effected by two retractor muscles which run from the posterior aspect of the septum to the body wall.

If the spore is divided into two by a cross-wall ( septum ), it is called a didymospore.

However, the hippocampus is anatomically connected to parts of the brain that are involved with emotional behavior — the septum, the hypothalamic mammillary body, and the anterior nuclear complex in the thalamus so its role as a limbic structure cannot be completely dismissed.

It is well-established that lesions of the medial septum — the central node of the theta system — cause severe disruptions of memory.

However, the medium septum is more than just the controller of theta, it is also the main source of cholinergic projections to the hippocampus.

In reptiles, the ventricular septum of the heart is incomplete and the pulmonary artery is equipped with a sphincter muscle.

The thick septum of the heart is not perforated and does not have visible pores as some people thought or invisible pores as Galen thought.

While nearly all nautiloids show gently curving sutures, the ammonoid suture line ( the intersection of the septum with the outer shell ) is variably folded, forming saddles ( or peaks ) and lobes ( or valleys ).

The nasal septum is composed of the quadrangular cartilage, the vomer bone ( the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone ), aspects of the premaxilla, and the palatine bones.

The cartilage is called the quadrangular cartilage and the bones comprising the septum include the maxillary crest, vomer and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid.

; Atrial septal defect: Defect in the interatrial septum that permits blood flow between atria, including a patent foramen ovale ( PFO ).

; Ventricular septal defect: Defect in the ventricular septum that permits blood flow between ventricles.

In anatomy, a septum ( Latin for something that encloses ; plural septa ) is a wall, dividing a cavity or structure into smaller ones.

In early life, when a fetus is in the womb, the right atrium has a hole within its septum through to the left atrium ; this makes them continuous with each other, which is essential for fetal circulation.

In the early twentieth century, Freer, in 1902, and Killian, in 1904, respectively pioneered the submucous resection septoplasty ( SMR ) procedure for correcting a deviated septum ; they raised mucoperichondrial tissue flaps, and resected the cartilaginous and bony septum ( including the vomer bone and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone ), maintaining septal support with a 1. 0-cm margin at the dorsum and a 1. 0-cm margin at the caudad, for which innovations the technique became the foundational, standard septoplastic procedure.

In 1947, Maurice H. Cottle ( 1898 – 1981 ) endonasally resolved a septal deviation with a minimalist hemitransfixion incision, which conserved the septum ; thus, he advocated for the practical primacy of the closed rhinoplasty approach.

The medial processes then form the septum, the philtrum, and the premaxilla of the nose ; the lateral processes form the sides of the nose ; and the mouth forms from the stomodeum ( the anterior ectodermal portion of the alimentary tract ), which is inferior to the nasal complex.

The internal area ( angle ), formed by the septum and upper lateral-cartilage, constitutes the internal valve of the nose ; the sesamoid cartilages are adjacent to the upper lateral-cartilages in the fibroareolar connective tissue.

Beneath the upper lateral-cartilages lay the lower lateral-cartilages ; the paired lower lateral-cartilages swing outwards, from medial attachments, to the caudal septum in the midline ( the medial crura ) to an intermediate crus ( shank ) area.

In open rhinoplasty, the surgeon makes a small, irregular incision to the columella, the fleshy, exterior-end of the nasal septum ; this columellar incision is additional to the usual set of incisions for a nasal correction.

# the osseo-cartilagenous framework — The upper lateral cartilages that are tightly attached to the ( rear ) caudal edge of the nasal bones and the nasal septum ; said attachment suspends them above the nasal cavity.

* The surgeon measures the dimensions ( length, width, depth ) of the nasal wound, and then delineates them upon the nasal septum, and, if possible, incorporates an additional margin of 3 – 5 mm of width to the wound measurements ; furthermore, the base of the mucosal tissue flap should be at least 1. 5-cm wide.

* The surgeon then makes two ( 2 ) parallel incisions along the floor and the roof of the nasal septum ; the incisions converge anteriorly, towards the front of the nasal spine.

The real, functional nose is the blowhole on top of its head ; the nasal septum is visible when the blowhole is open.

It is thin, somewhat quadrilateral in shape, and forms the hinder and lower part of the nasal septum ; it has two surfaces and four borders.

The word comes from the Latin word septum ; " partition ", and refers to the cracks / separations in this kind of rock.

One set, the dorsal ribs, are found in the dividing septum between the upper and lower parts of the main muscle segments, projecting roughly sideways from the vertebral column.

* Orbital septum, a palpabral ligament in the upper and lower eyelids

The internal nasal valve comprises the area bounded by the upper lateral-cartilage, the septum, the nasal floor, and the anterior head of the inferior turbinate.

The diaphragm is a dome-shaped musculofibrous septum that separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity, its convex upper surface forming the floor of the former, and its concave under surface forming the roof of the latter.

The inferior edge of the septum pellucidum ( a membrane that separates the two lateral ventricles ) is attached to the upper face of the fornix body.

During the procedure, the doctor inserts a catheter ( a thin, flexible tube ) into a vein in the groin ( upper thigh ) and threads it to the heart's septum.

As a rare anatomical variation, the arch can be displaced laterally, thereby creating a pleural septum separating an azygos lobe from the upper lobe of the right lung.

In the upper lip these consist of two bands, lateral and medial, on either side of the middle line ; the lateral band m. incisivus labii superioris arises from the alveolar border of the maxilla, opposite the lateral incisor tooth, and arching lateralward is continuous with the other muscles at the angle of the mouth ; the medial band m. nasolabialis connects the upper lip to the back of the septum of the nose.

The foramina in the middle of the groove are small and transmit the nerves to the roof of the nasal cavity ; those at the medial and lateral parts of the groove are larger — the former transmit the nerves to the upper part of the nasal septum, the latter those to the superior nasal concha.

It arises from the lateral condyle and upper half or two-thirds of the lateral surface of the body of the tibia ; from the adjoining part of the interosseous membrane ; from the deep surface of the fascia ; and from the intermuscular septum between it and the extensor digitorum longus.

Its upper half is of usual skin color and has a depression at its center, directly under the nasal septum, called the philtrum, while its lower half is a markedly different, red-colored skin tone more similar to the color of the inside of the mouth, and the term vermillion refers to the colored portion of either the upper or lower lip.